For others who may come by here, maybe take a look at : http://openhardwaremonitor.org/
Follow that link and at first you might think, "hey that's an Application, that is why it was removed, the question was how to do this from C# code, not to find an application that can tell me the temperature..." This is where it shows you are not willing to invest enough time in reading what "Open Hardware Monitor" also is.
They also include a Data Interface, here is the description:
Data Interface The Open Hardware Monitor publishes all sensor data to WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation). This allows other applications to read and use the sensor information as well. A preliminary documentation of the interface can be found here(click).
When you download it, it contains the OpenHardwareMonitor.exe application, you're not looking for that one. It also contains the OpenHardwareMonitorLib.dll, you're looking for that one.
It is mostly, if not 100%, just a wrapper around the WinRing0 API, which you could choose to wrap your self if you feel like it.
I have tried this out from a C# app myself, and it works. Although it is still in beta, it seemed rather stable. It is also open source so it could be a good starting point instead.
At the end of the day I find it hard to believe that is not on topic of this question.