Java conveniently has the instanceof operator (JLS 15.20.2) to test if a given object is of a given type.
if (x instanceof List<?>) {
List<?> list = (List<?>) x;
// do something with list
} else if (x instanceof Collection<?>) {
Collection<?> col = (Collection<?>) x;
// do something with col
}
One thing should be mentioned here: it's important in these kinds of constructs to check in the right order. You will find that if you had swapped the order of the check in the above snippet, the code will still compile, but it will no longer work. That is the following code doesn't work:
// DOESN'T WORK! Wrong order!
if (x instanceof Collection<?>) {
Collection<?> col = (Collection<?>) x;
// do something with col
} else if (x instanceof List<?>) { // this will never be reached!
List<?> list = (List<?>) x;
// do something with list
}
The problem is that a List<?> is-a Collection<?>, so it will pass the first test, and the else means that it will never reach the second test. You have to test from the most specific to the most general type.