Difference between include and require in php

Question

Is there any difference between them  Is using them a matter of preference  Does using one over the other produce any advantages  Which is better for security

User · Accepted Answer

You find the differences explained in the detailed PHP manual on the page of require:

require is identical to include except upon failure it will also produce a fatal E_COMPILE_ERROR level error. In other words, it will halt the script whereas include only emits a warning (E_WARNING) which allows the script to continue.

See @efritz's answer for an example

User · Answer

The difference between include   and require   arises when the file being included cannot be found  include   will release a warning  E WARNING  and the script will continue  whereas require   will release a fatal error  E COMPILE ERROR  and terminate the script  If the file being included is critical to the rest of the script running correctly then you need to use require    For more details   Difference between Include and Require in PHP

User · Answer

In case of Include Program will not terminate and display warning on browser On the other hand Require program will terminate and display fatal error in case of file not found

User · Answer

require will throw a PHP Fatal Error if the file cannot be loaded   Execution stops  include produces a Warning if the file cannot be loaded   Execution continues  Here is a nice illustration of include and require difference    From  Difference require vs  include php  by Robert  Nov 2012

User · Answer

As others pointed out  the only difference is that require throws a fatal error  and include - a catchable warning  As for which one to use  my advice is to stick to include  Why  because you can catch a warning and produce a meaningful feedback to end users  Consider       Example 1       users see a standard php error message or a blank screen      depending on your display errors setting   require  not there           Example 2       users see a meaningful error message   try         include  not there       catch Exception  e         echo  something strange happened          NB  for example 2 to work you need to install an errors-to-exceptions handler  as described here http   www php net manual en class errorexception php    function exception error handler  errno   errstr   errfile   errline          throw new ErrorException  errstr  0   errno   errfile   errline         set error handler  exception error handler

User · Answer

Use include if you don t mind your script continuing without loading the file  in case it doesn t exist etc  and you can  although you shouldn t  live with a Warning error message being displayed   Using require means your script will halt if it can t load the specified file  and throw a Fatal error

User · Answer

lt  PHP echo  Firstline   include  classes connection php    echo  I will run if include but not on Require     gt    A very simple Practical example with code  The first echo  will be displayed  No matter you use include or require because its runs before include or required   To check the result  In second line of a code intentionally provide the wrong path to the file or make error in file name  Thus the second echo to be displayed or not will be totally dependent on whether you use require or include   If you use require the second echo will not execute but if you use include not matter what error comes you will see the result of second echo too

[php] Difference between "include" and "require" in php

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