What is the proper way to display the full InnerException

Question

What is the proper way to show my full InnerException   I found that some of my InnerExceptions has another InnerException and that go s on pretty deep   Will InnerException ToString   do the job for me or do i need to loop through the InnerExceptions and build up a String with StringBuilder

User · Accepted Answer

You can simply print exception ToString   -- that will also include the full text for all the nested InnerExceptions

User · Answer

Just use exception ToString   http   msdn microsoft com en-us library system exception tostring aspx  The default implementation of ToString obtains the name of the class that threw the current exception  the message  the result of calling ToString on the inner exception  and the result of calling Environment StackTrace  If any of these members is null  its value is not included in the returned string  If there is no error message or if it is an empty string   quot  quot    then no error message is returned  The name of the inner exception and the stack trace are returned only if they are not null   exception ToString   will also call  ToString   on that exception s inner exception  and so on

User · Answer

I do   namespace System     public static class ExtensionMethods       public static string FullMessage this Exception ex          if  ex is AggregateException aex  return aex InnerExceptions Aggregate        total  next    gt     total   next FullMessage                     var msg   ex Message Replace    see inner exception        Trim          var innerMsg   ex InnerException  FullMessage          if  innerMsg is object  amp  amp  innerMsg  msg  msg      msg     innerMsg            return msg                This  pretty prints  all inner exceptions and also handles AggregateExceptions and cases where InnerException Message is the same as Message

User · Answer

If you want information about all exceptions then use exception ToString    It will collect data from all inner exceptions   If you want only the original exception then use exception GetBaseException   ToString    This will get you the first exception  e g  the deepest inner exception or the current exception if there is no inner exception   Example   try       Exception ex1   new Exception   Original         Exception ex2   new Exception   Second   ex1        Exception ex3   new Exception   Third   ex2        throw ex3    catch  Exception ex            ex   gt  ex3     Exception baseEx   ex GetBaseException         gt  ex1

User · Answer

I usually do like this to remove most of the noise   void LogException Exception error        Exception realerror   error      while  realerror InnerException    null          realerror   realerror InnerException       Console WriteLine realerror ToString            Edit  I forgot about this answer and is surprised no one pointed out that you can just do  void LogException Exception error        Console WriteLine error GetBaseException   ToString

User · Answer

Jon s answer is the best solution when you want full detail  all the messages and the stack trace  and the recommended one    However  there might be cases when you just want the inner messages  and for these cases I use the following extension method   public static class ExceptionExtensions       public static string GetFullMessage this Exception ex                return ex InnerException    null                 ex Message                 ex Message     -- gt      ex InnerException GetFullMessage              I often use this method when I have different listeners for tracing and logging and want to have different views on them  That way I can have one listener which sends the whole error with stack trace by email to the dev team for debugging using the  ToString   method and one that writes a log on file with the history of all the errors that happened each day without the stack trace with the  GetFullMessage   method

User · Answer

buildup on nawfal  s answer   when using his answer there was a missing variable aggrEx  I added it   file ExceptionExtenstions class      example usage     try        catch Exception e    MessageBox Show e ToFormattedString        using System  using System Collections Generic  using System Linq  using System Text  using System Threading Tasks   namespace YourNamespace       public static class ExceptionExtensions                public static IEnumerable lt Exception gt  GetAllExceptions this Exception exception                        yield return exception               if  exception is AggregateException                                 var aggrEx   exception as AggregateException                  foreach  Exception innerEx in aggrEx InnerExceptions SelectMany e   gt  e GetAllExceptions                                           yield return innerEx                                              else if  exception InnerException    null                                foreach  Exception innerEx in exception InnerException GetAllExceptions                                          yield return innerEx                                                      public static string ToFormattedString this Exception exception                        IEnumerable lt string gt  messages   exception                  GetAllExceptions                    Where e   gt   String IsNullOrWhiteSpace e Message                    Select exceptionPart   gt  exceptionPart Message Trim       r n     exceptionPart StackTrace  null  exceptionPart StackTrace Trim                      string flattened   String Join   r n r n   messages       lt -- the separator here             return flattened

User · Answer

If you re using Entity Framework  exception ToString   will not gives you the details of DbEntityValidationException exceptions  You might want to use the same method to handle all your exception  like  catch  Exception ex       Log Error GetExceptionDetails ex       Where GetExceptionDetails contains something like this  public static string GetExceptionDetails Exception ex        var stringBuilder   new StringBuilder         while  ex    null                switch  ex                        case DbEntityValidationException dbEx                  var errorMessages   dbEx EntityValidationErrors SelectMany x   gt  x ValidationErrors  Select x   gt  x ErrorMessage                   var fullErrorMessage   string Join  quot    quot   errorMessages                   var message   string Concat ex Message   quot  The validation errors are   quot   fullErrorMessage                    stringBuilder Insert 0  dbEx StackTrace                   stringBuilder Insert 0  message                   break               default                  stringBuilder Insert 0  ex StackTrace                   stringBuilder Insert 0  ex Message                   break                     ex   ex InnerException             return stringBuilder ToString

User · Answer

To pretty print just the Messages part of deep exceptions  you could do something like this   public static string ToFormattedString this Exception exception        IEnumerable lt string gt  messages   exception          GetAllExceptions            Where e   gt   String IsNullOrWhiteSpace e Message            Select e   gt  e Message Trim         string flattened   String Join Environment NewLine  messages       lt -- the separator here     return flattened     public static IEnumerable lt Exception gt  GetAllExceptions this Exception exception        yield return exception       if  exception is AggregateException aggrEx                foreach  Exception innerEx in aggrEx InnerExceptions SelectMany e   gt  e GetAllExceptions                           yield return innerEx                      else if  exception InnerException    null                foreach  Exception innerEx in exception InnerException GetAllExceptions                          yield return innerEx                      This recursively goes through all inner exceptions  including the case of AggregateExceptions  to print all Message property contained in them  delimited by line break   E g    var outerAggrEx   new AggregateException       Outer aggr ex occurred        new AggregateException  Inner aggr ex    new FormatException  Number isn t in correct format          new IOException  Unauthorized file access    new SecurityException  Not administrator       Console WriteLine outerAggrEx ToFormattedString          Outer aggr ex occurred    Inner aggr ex    Number isn t in correct format    Unauthorized file access    Not administrator      You will need to listen to other Exception properties for more details  For e g  Data will have some information  You could do   foreach  DictionaryEntry kvp in exception Data    To get all derived properties  not on base Exception class   you could do   exception      GetType        GetProperties        Where p   gt  p CanRead       Where p   gt  p GetMethod GetBaseDefinition   DeclaringType    typeof Exception

[c#] What is the proper way to display the full InnerException?

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