How to implement custom JsonConverter in JSON NET to deserialize a List of base class objects

Question

I am trying to extend the JSON net example given here  http   james newtonking com projects json help CustomCreationConverter html  I have another sub class deriving from base class Interface  public class Person       public string FirstName   get  set        public string LastName   get  set       public class Employee   Person       public string Department   get  set        public string JobTitle   get  set       public class Artist   Person       public string Skill   get  set       List lt Person gt  people    new List lt Person gt        new Employee        new Employee        new Artist         How do I deserialize following Json back to List lt  Person               Department    Department1        JobTitle    JobTitle1        FirstName    FirstName1        LastName    LastName1                Department    Department2        JobTitle    JobTitle2        FirstName    FirstName2        LastName    LastName2                Skill    Painter        FirstName    FirstName3        LastName    LastName3          I don t want to use TypeNameHandling JsonSerializerSettings  I am specifically looking for custom JsonConverter implementation to handle this  The documentation and examples around this are pretty sparse on the net  I can t seem to get the the overridden ReadJson   method implementation in JsonConverter right

User · Answer

Here s another solution that avoids the use of jObject CreateReader    and instead creates a new JsonTextReader  which is the behavior used by the default JsonCreate Deserialze method   public abstract class JsonCreationConverter lt T gt    JsonConverter       protected abstract T Create Type objectType  JObject jObject        public override bool CanConvert Type objectType                return typeof T  IsAssignableFrom objectType              public override object ReadJson JsonReader reader  Type objectType  object existingValue  JsonSerializer serializer                if  reader TokenType    JsonToken Null              return null              Load JObject from stream         JObject jObject   JObject Load reader               Create target object based on JObject         T target   Create objectType  jObject               Populate the object properties         StringWriter writer   new StringWriter            serializer Serialize writer  jObject           using  JsonTextReader newReader   new JsonTextReader new StringReader writer ToString                             newReader Culture   reader Culture              newReader DateParseHandling   reader DateParseHandling              newReader DateTimeZoneHandling   reader DateTimeZoneHandling              newReader FloatParseHandling   reader FloatParseHandling              serializer Populate newReader  target                      return target             public override void WriteJson JsonWriter writer  object value  JsonSerializer serializer                serializer Serialize writer  value

User · Answer

Just thought i would share a solution also based on this that works with the Knowntype attribute using reflection   had to get derived class from any base class  solution can benefit from recursion to find the best matching class though i didn t need it in my case  matching is done by the type given to the converter if it has KnownTypes it will scan them all until it matches a type that has all the properties inside the json string  first one to match will be chosen    usage is as simple as    string json      Name   Something    LastName   Otherthing        var ret    JsonConvert DeserializeObject lt A gt  json  new KnownTypeConverter       in the above case ret will be of type B   JSON classes    KnownType typeof B    public class A      public string Name   get  set       public class B   A      public string LastName   get  set        Converter code        lt summary gt          Use KnownType Attribute to match a divierd class based on the class given to the serilaizer         Selected class will be the first class to match all properties in the json object           lt  summary gt      public  class KnownTypeConverter   JsonConverter               public override bool CanConvert Type objectType                        return System Attribute GetCustomAttributes objectType  Any v   gt  v is KnownTypeAttribute                      public override object ReadJson JsonReader reader  Type objectType  object existingValue  JsonSerializer serializer                           Load JObject from stream             JObject jObject   JObject Load reader                   Create target object based on JObject             System Attribute   attrs   System Attribute GetCustomAttributes objectType       Reflection                       Displaying output               foreach  System Attribute attr in attrs                                if  attr is KnownTypeAttribute                                        KnownTypeAttribute k    KnownTypeAttribute  attr                      var props   k Type GetProperties                        bool found   true                      foreach  var f in jObject                                                if   props Any z   gt  z Name    f Key                                                         found   false                              break                                                                       if  found                                                var target   Activator CreateInstance k Type                           serializer Populate jObject CreateReader   target                           return target                                                                    throw new ObjectNotFoundException                     Populate the object properties                     public override void WriteJson JsonWriter writer  object value  JsonSerializer serializer                        throw new NotImplementedException

User · Answer

Using the standard CustomCreationConverter  I was struggling to work how to generate the correct type  Person or Employee   because in order to determine this you need to analyse the JSON and there is no built in way to do this using the Create method   I found a discussion thread pertaining to type conversion and it turned out to provide the answer  Here is a link  Type converting   What s required is to subclass JsonConverter  overriding the ReadJson method and creating a new abstract Create method which accepts a JObject      The JObject class provides a means to load a JSON object and   provides access to the data within this object    The overridden ReadJson method creates a JObject and invokes the Create method  implemented by our derived converter class   passing in the JObject instance   This JObject instance can then be analysed to determine the correct type by checking existence of certain fields   Example  string json                 Department      Department1              JobTitle      JobTitle1              FirstName      FirstName1              LastName      LastName1                     Department      Department2              JobTitle      JobTitle2              FirstName      FirstName2              LastName      LastName2                     Skill      Painter              FirstName      FirstName3              LastName      LastName3             List lt Person gt  persons        JsonConvert DeserializeObject lt List lt Person gt  gt  json  new PersonConverter           public class PersonConverter   JsonCreationConverter lt Person gt        protected override Person Create Type objectType  JObject jObject                if  FieldExists  Skill   jObject                         return new Artist                      else if  FieldExists  Department   jObject                         return new Employee                      else                       return new Person                         private bool FieldExists string fieldName  JObject jObject                return jObject fieldName     null           public abstract class JsonCreationConverter lt T gt    JsonConverter            lt summary gt          Create an instance of objectType  based properties in the JSON object          lt  summary gt           lt param name  objectType  gt type of object expected lt  param gt           lt param name  jObject  gt          contents of JSON object that will be deserialized          lt  param gt           lt returns gt  lt  returns gt      protected abstract T Create Type objectType  JObject jObject        public override bool CanConvert Type objectType                return typeof T  IsAssignableFrom objectType              public override bool CanWrite               get   return false               public override object ReadJson JsonReader reader                                       Type objectType                                        object existingValue                                        JsonSerializer serializer                   Load JObject from stream         JObject jObject   JObject Load reader               Create target object based on JObject         T target   Create objectType  jObject               Populate the object properties         serializer Populate jObject CreateReader    target            return target

User · Answer

The project JsonSubTypes implement a generic converter that handle this feature with the helps of attributes   For the concrete sample provided here is how it works        JsonConverter typeof JsonSubtypes         JsonSubtypes KnownSubTypeWithProperty typeof Employee    JobTitle         JsonSubtypes KnownSubTypeWithProperty typeof Artist    Skill        public class Person               public string FirstName   get  set            public string LastName   get  set               public class Employee   Person               public string Department   get  set            public string JobTitle   get  set               public class Artist   Person               public string Skill   get  set                TestMethod      public void Demo                 string json        Department     Department1     JobTitle     JobTitle1     FirstName     FirstName1     LastName     LastName1                                  Department     Department1     JobTitle     JobTitle1     FirstName     FirstName1     LastName     LastName1                                  Skill     Painter     FirstName     FirstName1     LastName     LastName1                 var persons   JsonConvert DeserializeObject lt IReadOnlyCollection lt Person gt  gt  json           Assert AreEqual  Painter    persons Last   as Artist   Skill

User · Answer

As another variation on Totem s known type solution  you can use reflection to create a generic type resolver to avoid the need to use known type attributes   This uses a technique similar to Juval Lowy s GenericResolver for WCF   As long as your base class is abstract or an interface  the known types will be automatically determined rather than having to be decorated with known type attributes   In my own case I opted to use a  type property to designate type in my json object rather than try to determine it from the properties  though you could borrow from other solutions here to use property based determination    public class JsonKnownTypeConverter   JsonConverter       public IEnumerable lt Type gt  KnownTypes   get  set         public JsonKnownTypeConverter     this ReflectTypes                     public JsonKnownTypeConverter IEnumerable lt Type gt  knownTypes                KnownTypes   knownTypes             protected object Create Type objectType  JObject jObject                if  jObject   type      null                        string typeName   jObject   type   ToString                return Activator CreateInstance KnownTypes First x   gt  typeName    x Name                      else                       return Activator CreateInstance objectType                     throw new InvalidOperationException  No supported type               public override bool CanConvert Type objectType                if  KnownTypes    null              return false           return  objectType IsInterface    objectType IsAbstract   amp  amp  KnownTypes Any objectType IsAssignableFrom              public override object ReadJson JsonReader reader  Type objectType  object existingValue  JsonSerializer serializer                   Load JObject from stream         JObject jObject   JObject Load reader               Create target object based on JObject         var target   Create objectType  jObject              Populate the object properties         serializer Populate jObject CreateReader    target           return target             public override void WriteJson JsonWriter writer  object value  JsonSerializer serializer                throw new NotImplementedException                 Static helpers     static Assembly CallingAssembly   Assembly GetCallingAssembly         static Type   ReflectTypes                 List lt Type gt  types   new List lt Type gt             var referencedAssemblies   Assembly GetExecutingAssembly   GetReferencedAssemblies            foreach  var assemblyName in referencedAssemblies                        Assembly assembly   Assembly Load assemblyName               Type   typesInReferencedAssembly   GetTypes assembly               types AddRange typesInReferencedAssembly                      return types ToArray               static Type   GetTypes Assembly assembly  bool publicOnly   true                Type   allTypes   assembly GetTypes             List lt Type gt  types   new List lt Type gt              foreach  Type type in allTypes                        if  type IsEnum    false  amp  amp                 type IsInterface    false  amp  amp                 type IsGenericTypeDefinition    false                                if  publicOnly    true  amp  amp  type IsPublic    false                                        if  type IsNested    false                                                continue                                            if  type IsNestedPrivate    true                                                continue                                                          types Add type                                   return types ToArray            It can then be installed as a formatter  GlobalConfiguration Configuration Formatters JsonFormatter SerializerSettings Converters Add new JsonKnownTypeConverter

User · Answer

Using the idea of totem and zlangner  I have created a KnownTypeConverter that will be able to determine the most appropriate inheritor  while taking into account that json data may not have optional elements   So  the service sends a JSON response that contains an array of documents  incoming and outgoing   Documents have both a common set of elements and different ones  In this case  the elements related to the outgoing documents are optional and may be absent   In this regard  a base class Document was created that includes a common set of properties     Two inheritor classes are also created  - OutgoingDocument adds two optional elements  device id  and  msg id   - IncomingDocument adds one mandatory element  sender id    The task was to create a converter that based on json data and information from KnownTypeAttribute will be able to determine the most appropriate class that allows you to save the largest amount of information received  It should also be taken into account that json data may not have optional elements     To reduce the number of comparisons of json elements and properties of data models  I decided not to take into account the properties of the base class and to correlate with json elements only the properties of the inheritor classes   Data from the service          documents                            document id    76b7be75-f4dc-44cd-90d2-0d1959922852                date    2019-12-10 11 32 49                processed date    2019-12-10 11 32 49                sender id    9dedee17-e43a-47f1-910e-3a88ff6bc258                                     document id    5044a9ac-0314-4e9a-9e0c-817531120753                date    2019-12-10 11 32 44                processed date    2019-12-10 11 32 44                          total   2     Data models        lt summary gt      Service response model      lt  summary gt  public class DocumentsRequestIdResponse        JsonProperty  documents        public Document   Documents   get  set          JsonProperty  total        public int Total   get  set           lt summary gt      Base document      lt  summary gt   JsonConverter typeof KnownTypeConverter     KnownType typeof OutgoingDocument     KnownType typeof IncomingDocument    public class Document        JsonProperty  document id        public Guid DocumentId   get  set          JsonProperty  date        public DateTime Date   get  set          JsonProperty  processed date        public DateTime ProcessedDate   get  set             lt summary gt      Outgoing document      lt  summary gt  public class OutgoingDocument   Document          this property is optional and may not be present in the service s json response      JsonProperty  device id        public string DeviceId   get  set            this property is optional and may not be present in the service s json response      JsonProperty  msg id        public string MsgId   get  set            lt summary gt      Incoming document      lt  summary gt  public class IncomingDocument   Document          this property is mandatory and is always populated by the service      JsonProperty  sender sys id        public Guid SenderSysId   get  set        Converter   public class KnownTypeConverter   JsonConverter       public override bool CanConvert Type objectType                return System Attribute GetCustomAttributes objectType  Any v   gt  v is KnownTypeAttribute              public override bool CanWrite   gt  false       public override object ReadJson JsonReader reader  Type objectType  object existingValue  JsonSerializer serializer                   load the object          JObject jObject   JObject Load reader               take custom attributes on the type         Attribute   attrs   Attribute GetCustomAttributes objectType            Type mostSuitableType   null          int countOfMaxMatchingProperties   -1              take the names of elements from json data         HashSet lt string gt  jObjectKeys   GetKeys jObject               take the properties of the parent class  in our case  from the Document class  which is specified in DocumentsRequestIdResponse          HashSet lt string gt  objectTypeProps   objectType GetProperties BindingFlags Instance   BindingFlags Public               Select p   gt  p Name               ToHashSet                trying to find the right  KnownType          foreach  var attr in attrs OfType lt KnownTypeAttribute gt                           Type knownType   attr Type              if  objectType IsAssignableFrom knownType                   continue                  select properties of the inheritor  except properties from the parent class and properties with  ignore  attributes  in our case JsonIgnoreAttribute and XmlIgnoreAttribute              var notIgnoreProps   knownType GetProperties BindingFlags Instance   BindingFlags Public                   Where p   gt   objectTypeProps Contains p Name                               amp  amp  p CustomAttributes All a   gt  a AttributeType    typeof JsonIgnoreAttribute   amp  amp  a AttributeType    typeof System Xml Serialization XmlIgnoreAttribute                      get serializable property names             var jsonNameFields   notIgnoreProps Select prop   gt                                string jsonFieldName   null                  CustomAttributeData jsonPropertyAttribute   prop CustomAttributes FirstOrDefault a   gt  a AttributeType    typeof JsonPropertyAttribute                    if  jsonPropertyAttribute    null                                           take the name of the json element from the attribute constructor                     CustomAttributeTypedArgument argument   jsonPropertyAttribute ConstructorArguments FirstOrDefault                        if argument    null  amp  amp  argument ArgumentType    typeof string   amp  amp   string IsNullOrEmpty  string argument Value                           jsonFieldName    string argument Value                                       otherwise  take the name of the property                 if  string IsNullOrEmpty jsonFieldName                                         jsonFieldName   prop Name                                     return jsonFieldName                                HashSet lt string gt  jKnownTypeKeys   new HashSet lt string gt  jsonNameFields                   by intersecting the sets of names we determine the most suitable inheritor             int count   jObjectKeys Intersect jKnownTypeKeys  Count                 if  count    jKnownTypeKeys Count                                mostSuitableType   knownType                  break                             if  count  gt  countOfMaxMatchingProperties                                countOfMaxMatchingProperties   count                  mostSuitableType   knownType                                   if  mostSuitableType    null                        object target   Activator CreateInstance mostSuitableType               using  JsonReader jObjectReader   CopyReaderForObject reader  jObject                                 serializer Populate jObjectReader  target                             return target                     throw new SerializationException   Could not serialize to KnownTypes and assign to base class  objectType  reference               public override void WriteJson JsonWriter writer  object value  JsonSerializer serializer                throw new NotImplementedException               private HashSet lt string gt  GetKeys JObject obj                return new HashSet lt string gt    IEnumerable lt KeyValuePair lt string  JToken gt  gt   obj  Select k   gt  k Key               public static JsonReader CopyReaderForObject JsonReader reader  JObject jObject                JsonReader jObjectReader   jObject CreateReader            jObjectReader Culture   reader Culture          jObjectReader DateFormatString   reader DateFormatString          jObjectReader DateParseHandling   reader DateParseHandling          jObjectReader DateTimeZoneHandling   reader DateTimeZoneHandling          jObjectReader FloatParseHandling   reader FloatParseHandling          jObjectReader MaxDepth   reader MaxDepth          jObjectReader SupportMultipleContent   reader SupportMultipleContent          return jObjectReader            PS  In my case  if no one inheritor has not been selected by converter  this can happen if the JSON data contains information only from the base class or the JSON data does not contain optional elements from the OutgoingDocument   then an object of the OutgoingDocument class will be created  since it is listed first in the list of KnownTypeAttribute attributes  At your request  you can vary the implementation of the KnownTypeConverter in this situation

User · Answer

The above solution for the JsonCreationConverter lt T gt  is all over the internet  but has a flaw that manifests itself in rare occasions  The new JsonReader created in the ReadJson method does not inherit any of the original reader s configuration values  Culture  DateParseHandling  DateTimeZoneHandling  FloatParseHandling  etc      These values should be copied over before using the new JsonReader in serializer Populate     This is the best I could come up with to fix some of the problems with the above implementation  but I still think there are some things being overlooked   Update I updated this to have a more explicit method that makes a copy of an existing reader  This just encapsulates the process of copying over individual JsonReader settings  Ideally this function would be maintained in the Newtonsoft library itself  but for now  you can use the following        lt summary gt Creates a new reader for the specified jObject by copying the settings     from an existing reader  lt  summary gt       lt param name  reader  gt The reader whose settings should be copied  lt  param gt       lt param name  jToken  gt The jToken to create a new reader for  lt  param gt       lt returns gt The new disposable reader  lt  returns gt  public static JsonReader CopyReaderForObject JsonReader reader  JToken jToken        JsonReader jTokenReader   jToken CreateReader        jTokenReader Culture   reader Culture      jTokenReader DateFormatString   reader DateFormatString      jTokenReader DateParseHandling   reader DateParseHandling      jTokenReader DateTimeZoneHandling   reader DateTimeZoneHandling      jTokenReader FloatParseHandling   reader FloatParseHandling      jTokenReader MaxDepth   reader MaxDepth      jTokenReader SupportMultipleContent   reader SupportMultipleContent      return jTokenReader      This should be used as follows   public override object ReadJson JsonReader reader                                  Type objectType                                  object existingValue                                  JsonSerializer serializer        if  reader TokenType    JsonToken Null          return null         Load JObject from stream     JObject jObject   JObject Load reader          Create target object based on JObject     T target   Create objectType  jObject          Populate the object properties     using  JsonReader jObjectReader   CopyReaderForObject reader  jObject                 serializer Populate jObjectReader  target             return target        Older solution follows        lt summary gt Base Generic JSON Converter that can help quickly define converters for specific types by automatically     generating the CanConvert  ReadJson  and WriteJson methods  requiring the implementer only to define a strongly typed Create method  lt  summary gt  public abstract class JsonCreationConverter lt T gt    JsonConverter            lt summary gt Create an instance of objectType  based properties in the JSON object lt  summary gt           lt param name  objectType  gt type of object expected lt  param gt           lt param name  jObject  gt contents of JSON object that will be deserialized lt  param gt      protected abstract T Create Type objectType  JObject jObject             lt summary gt Determines if this converted is designed to deserialization to objects of the specified type  lt  summary gt           lt param name  objectType  gt The target type for deserialization  lt  param gt           lt returns gt True if the type is supported  lt  returns gt      public override bool CanConvert Type objectType                   FrameWork 4 5            return typeof T  GetTypeInfo   IsAssignableFrom objectType GetTypeInfo                Otherwise         return typeof T  IsAssignableFrom objectType                   lt summary gt Parses the json to the specified type  lt  summary gt           lt param name  reader  gt Newtonsoft Json JsonReader lt  param gt           lt param name  objectType  gt Target type  lt  param gt           lt param name  existingValue  gt Ignored lt  param gt           lt param name  serializer  gt Newtonsoft Json JsonSerializer to use  lt  param gt           lt returns gt Deserialized Object lt  returns gt      public override object ReadJson JsonReader reader  Type objectType  object existingValue  JsonSerializer serializer                if  reader TokenType    JsonToken Null              return null              Load JObject from stream         JObject jObject   JObject Load reader               Create target object based on JObject         T target   Create objectType  jObject              Create a new reader for this jObject  and set all properties to match the original reader          JsonReader jObjectReader   jObject CreateReader            jObjectReader Culture   reader Culture          jObjectReader DateParseHandling   reader DateParseHandling          jObjectReader DateTimeZoneHandling   reader DateTimeZoneHandling          jObjectReader FloatParseHandling   reader FloatParseHandling              Populate the object properties         serializer Populate jObjectReader  target            return target                  lt summary gt Serializes to the specified type lt  summary gt           lt param name  writer  gt Newtonsoft Json JsonWriter lt  param gt           lt param name  value  gt Object to serialize  lt  param gt           lt param name  serializer  gt Newtonsoft Json JsonSerializer to use  lt  param gt      public override void WriteJson JsonWriter writer  object value  JsonSerializer serializer                serializer Serialize writer  value

User · Answer

A lot of the times the implementation will exist in the same namespace as the interface  So  I came up with this       public class InterfaceConverter   JsonConverter           public override bool CanWrite   gt  false      public override void WriteJson JsonWriter writer  object value  JsonSerializer serializer                   public override object ReadJson JsonReader reader  Type objectType  object existingValue  JsonSerializer serializer                var token   JToken ReadFrom reader           var typeVariable   this GetTypeVariable token           if  TypeExtensions TryParse typeVariable  out var implimentation                       else if   typeof IEnumerable  IsAssignableFrom objectType                         implimentation   this GetImplimentedType objectType                     else                       var genericArgumentTypes   objectType GetGenericArguments                var innerType   genericArgumentTypes FirstOrDefault                if  innerType    null                                implimentation   typeof IEnumerable                             else                               Type genericType   null                  if  token HasAny                                          var firstItem   token 0                       var genericTypeVariable   this GetTypeVariable firstItem                       TypeExtensions TryParse genericTypeVariable  out genericType                                      genericType   genericType    this GetImplimentedType innerType                   implimentation   typeof IEnumerable lt  gt                    implimentation   implimentation MakeGenericType genericType                                    return JsonConvert DeserializeObject token ToString    implimentation              public override bool CanConvert Type objectType                return  typeof IEnumerable  IsAssignableFrom objectType   amp  amp  objectType IsInterface    typeof IEnumerable  IsAssignableFrom objectType   amp  amp  objectType GetGenericArguments   Any t   gt  t IsInterface              protected Type GetImplimentedType Type interfaceType                if   interfaceType IsInterface                        return interfaceType                     var implimentationQualifiedName   interfaceType AssemblyQualifiedName  Replace interfaceType Name  interfaceType Name Substring 1            return implimentationQualifiedName    null   interfaceType   Type GetType implimentationQualifiedName     interfaceType             protected string GetTypeVariable JToken token                if   token HasAny                          return null                     return token Type    JTokenType Object   null   token Value lt string gt    type              Therefore  you can include this globally like so   public static JsonSerializerSettings StandardSerializerSettings   gt  new JsonSerializerSettings               Converters   new List lt JsonConverter gt                        new InterfaceConverter

User · Answer

This is an expansion to totem s answer  It does basically the same thing but the property matching is based on the serialized json object  not reflect the  net object  This is important if you re using  JsonProperty   using the CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver  or doing anything else that will cause the json to not match the  net object    Usage is simple    KnownType typeof B    public class A      public string Name   get  set       public class B   A      public string LastName   get  set        Converter code        lt summary gt      Use KnownType Attribute to match a divierd class based on the class given to the serilaizer     Selected class will be the first class to match all properties in the json object       lt  summary gt  public class KnownTypeConverter   JsonConverter       public override bool CanConvert  Type objectType             return System Attribute GetCustomAttributes  objectType   Any  v   gt  v is KnownTypeAttribute               public override bool CanWrite           get   return false               public override object ReadJson  JsonReader reader  Type objectType  object existingValue  JsonSerializer serializer                Load JObject from stream         JObject jObject   JObject Load  reader                Create target object based on JObject         System Attribute    attrs   System Attribute GetCustomAttributes  objectType        Reflection               check known types for a match           foreach  var attr in attrs OfType lt KnownTypeAttribute gt                     object target   Activator CreateInstance  attr Type                 JObject jTest              using  var writer   new StringWriter                        using  var jsonWriter   new JsonTextWriter  writer                           serializer Serialize  jsonWriter  target                        string json   writer ToString                         jTest   JObject Parse  json                                                 var jO   this GetKeys  jObject   Select  k   gt  k Key   ToList                 var jT   this GetKeys  jTest   Select  k   gt  k Key   ToList                  if  jO Count    jT Count  amp  amp  jO Intersect  jT   Count       jO Count                     serializer Populate  jObject CreateReader     target                    return target                                   throw new SerializationException  string Format   Could not convert base class  0    objectType                 public override void WriteJson  JsonWriter writer  object value  JsonSerializer serializer             throw new NotImplementedException                private IEnumerable lt KeyValuePair lt string  JToken gt  gt  GetKeys  JObject obj             var list   new List lt KeyValuePair lt string  JToken gt  gt              foreach  var t in obj                 list Add  t                      return list

[c#] How to implement custom JsonConverter in JSON.NET to deserialize a List of base class objects?

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