add created at and updated at fields to mongoose schemas

Question

Is there a way to add created at and updated at fields to a mongoose schema  without having to pass them in everytime new MyModel   is called   The created at field would be a date and only added when a document is created  The updated at field would be updated with new date whenever save   is called on a document   I have tried this in my schema  but the field does not show up unless I expcitly add it   var ItemSchema   new Schema       name        type  String  required  true  trim  true       created at        type  Date  required  true  default  Date now

User · Answer

const mongoose   require  mongoose    const config   require  config    const util   require  util     const Schema   mongoose Schema  const BaseSchema   function obj  options      if  typeof options      undefined         options             if  typeof options  timestamps        undefined         options  timestamps     true         Schema apply this   obj  options       util inherits BaseSchema  Schema    var testSchema   new BaseSchema     jsonObject    type  Object       stringVar     type  String         Now you can use this  so that there is no need to include this option in every table

User · Answer

You can use middleware and virtuals  Here is an example for your updated at field   ItemSchema virtual  name   set function  name      this updated at   Date now    return name

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Use the built-in timestamps option for your Schema    var ItemSchema   new Schema       name    type  String  required  true  trim  true            timestamps  true       This will automatically add createdAt and updatedAt fields to your schema   http   mongoosejs com docs guide html timestamps

User · Answer

Since mongo 3 6 you can use  change stream   https   emptysqua re blog driver-features-for-mongodb-3-6  change-streams To use it you need to create a change stream object by the  watch  query  and for each change  you can do whatever you want    python solution  def update at by change       update fields   change  quot updateDescription quot    quot updatedFields quot   keys       print  quot update fields     quot  format update fields        collection   change  quot ns quot    quot coll quot       db   change  quot ns quot    quot db quot       key   change  quot documentKey quot        if len update fields     1 and  quot update at quot  in update fields          pass    to avoid recursion updates        else          client db  collection  update key    quot  set quot     quot update at quot   datetime now        client   MongoClient  quot 172 17 0 2 quot   db   client  quot Data quot    change stream   db watch    for change in change stream      print change      update ts by change   Note  to use the change stream object  your mongodb instance should run as  replica set   It can be done also as a 1-node replica set  almost no change then the standalone use   Run mongo as a replica set  https   docs mongodb com manual tutorial convert-standalone-to-replica-set  Replica set configuration vs Standalone  Mongo DB - difference between standalone  amp  1-node replica set

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In your model schema  just add an attribute timestamps and assign value true to it as shown -  var ItemSchema   new Schema      name      type  String  required  true  trim  true       timestamps   true

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I actually do this in the back  If all goes well with the updating       All ifs passed successfully  Moving on the Model save     Model lastUpdated   Date now        lt ------ Now      Model save function  err  result          if  err            return res status 500  json             title   An error occured             error  err                           res status 200  json           message   Model Updated           obj  result

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UPDATE   5 years later      Note  If you decide to use Kappa Architecture  Event Sourcing   CQRS   then you do not need updated date at all  Since your data is an immutable  append-only event log  you only ever need event created date  Similar to the Lambda Architecture  described below  Then your application state is a projection of the event log  derived data   If you receive a subsequent event about existing entity  then you ll use that event s created date as updated date for your entity  This is a commonly used  and commonly misunderstood  practice in miceroservice systems    UPDATE   4 years later   If you use ObjectId as your  id field  which is usually the case   then all you need to do is   let document       updatedAt  new Date        Check my original answer below on how to get the created timestamp from the  id field  If you need to use IDs from external system  then check Roman Rhrn Nesterov s answer   UPDATE   2 5 years later   You can now use the  timestamps option with mongoose version    4 0   let ItemSchema   new Schema     name    type  String  required  true  trim  true          timestamps  true       If set timestamps  mongoose assigns createdAt and updatedAt fields to your schema  the type assigned is Date   You can also specify the timestamp fileds  names   timestamps    createdAt   created at   updatedAt   updated at         Note  If you are working on a big application with critical data you should reconsider updating your documents  I would advise you to work with immutable  append-only data  lambda architecture   What this means is   that you only ever allow inserts  Updates and deletes should not be   allowed  If you would like to  delete  a record  you could easily   insert a new version of the document with some timestamp version   filed and then set a deleted field to true  Similarly if you want   to update a document      you create a new one with the appropriate   fields updated and the rest of the fields copied over Then in order to   query this document you would get the one with the newest timestamp or   the highest version which is not  deleted   the deleted field is undefined or false         Data immutability ensures that your data is debuggable     you can trace   the history of every document  You can also rollback to previous   version of a document if something goes wrong  If you go with such an   architecture ObjectId getTimestamp   is all you need  and it is not   Mongoose dependent      ORIGINAL ANSWER   If you are using ObjectId as your identity field you don t need created at field  ObjectIds have a method called getTimestamp      ObjectId  507c7f79bcf86cd7994f6c0e   getTimestamp     This will return the following output    ISODate  2012-10-15T21 26 17Z     More info here How do I extract the created date out of a Mongo ObjectID  In order to add updated at filed you need to use this   var ArticleSchema   new Schema     updated at    type  Date        rest of the fields go here      ArticleSchema pre  save   function next      this updated at   Date now      next

User · Answer

My mongoose version is 4 10 2  Seems only the hook findOneAndUpdate is work  ModelSchema pre  findOneAndUpdate   function next         console log  pre findOneAndUpdate          this update       set    updatedAt  new Date           next

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As of Mongoose 4 0 you can now set a timestamps option on the Schema to have Mongoose handle this for you   var thingSchema   new Schema         timestamps  true       You can change the name of the fields used like so   var thingSchema   new Schema         timestamps    createdAt   created at          http   mongoosejs com docs guide html timestamps

User · Answer

If use update   or findOneAndUpdate     with  upsert  true  option  you can use  setOnInsert  var update       updatedAt  new Date       setOnInsert        createdAt  new Date

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This is how I achieved having created and updated    Inside my schema I added the created and updated like so                  Article Schema             var ArticleSchema   new Schema           created                type  Date              default  Date now                    updated                type  Date              default  Date now                    title                type  String              default                  trim  true              required   Title cannot be blank                     content                type  String              default                  trim  true                    user                type  Schema ObjectId              ref   User                      Then in my article update method inside the article controller I added               Update a article             exports update   function req  res            var article   req article           article     extend article  req body           article set  updated   Date now              article save function err                if  err                    return res status 400  send                       message  errorHandler getErrorMessage err                                    else                   res json article                                      The bold sections are the parts of interest

User · Answer

var ItemSchema   new Schema       name     type  String  required  true  trim  true        ItemSchema set  timestamps   true      this will add createdAt and updatedAt timestamps   Docs  https   mongoosejs com docs guide html timestamps

User · Answer

This is what I ended up doing   var ItemSchema   new Schema       name        type  String  required  true  trim  true       created at        type  Date       updated at        type  Date         ItemSchema pre  save   function next     now   new Date      this updated at   now    if    this created at         this created at   now        next

User · Answer

You can use the timestamp plugin of mongoose-troop to add this behavior to any schema

User · Answer

we may can achieve this by using schema plugin also   In helpers schemaPlugin js file  module exports   function schema       var updateDate   function next       var self   this      self updated at   new Date        if    self created at           self created at   now            next             update date for bellow 4 methods   schema pre  save   updateDate       pre  update   updateDate       pre  findOneAndUpdate   updateDate       pre  findByIdAndUpdate   updateDate        and in models ItemSchema js file   var mongoose   require  mongoose      Schema     mongoose Schema    SchemaPlugin   require     helpers schemaPlugin     var ItemSchema   new Schema     name        type  String  required  true  trim  true      created at        type  Date      updated at        type  Date       ItemSchema plugin SchemaPlugin   module exports   mongoose model  Item   ItemSchema

User · Answer

Add timestamps to your Schema like this then createdAt and updatedAt will automatic generate for you  var UserSchema   new Schema       email  String      views    type  Number  default  0        status  Boolean      timestamps            Also you can change createdAt - gt  created at by  timestamps    createdAt   created at   updatedAt   updated at

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Use machinepack-datetime to format the datetime   tutorialSchema virtual  createdOn   get function          const DateTime   require  machinepack-datetime        let timeAgoString           try           timeAgoString   DateTime timeFrom               toWhen  DateTime parse                   datetime  this createdAt                execSync                fromWhen  new Date   getTime              execSync          catch err            console log  error getting createdon   err             return timeAgoString     a second ago       Machine pack is great with clear API unlike express or general Javascript world

User · Answer

Use a function to return the computed default value   var ItemSchema   new Schema       name          type  String        required  true        trim  true            created at          type  Date        default  function            return Date now                       updated at          type  Date        default  function            return Date now                       ItemSchema pre  save   function done      this updated at   Date now      done

User · Answer

You can use this plugin very easily  From the docs   var timestamps   require  mongoose-timestamp    var UserSchema   new Schema       username  String     UserSchema plugin timestamps   mongoose model  User   UserSchema   var User   mongoose model  User   UserSchema    And also set the name of the fields if you wish   mongoose plugin timestamps       createdAt   created at      updatedAt   updated at

[node.js] add created_at and updated_at fields to mongoose schemas

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