How can I create tests in Android Studio

Question

Just downloaded Android Studio which is based off of the Intellij Idea   How would one create tests   I notice there is a option for create a Test Module but this doesn t seem to do anything  only create a new project with src  I also tried pressing the hot key CTRL AlT T which allows to create unit tests on an existing class but it seems to want to place it in the current project  Of course this doesn t help with TDD  Does anyone have any experience here

User · Answer

Android Studio has been kind of a moving target, first being a developer preview and now being in beta. The path for the Test classes in the project has changed during time, but no matter what version of AS you are using, the path is declared in your .iml file. Currently, with version 0.8.3, you'll find the following inside the inner iml file:

      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/res" type="java-test-resource" />
  <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/resources" type="java-test-resource" />
  <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/assets" type="java-test-resource" />
  <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/aidl" isTestSource="true" />
  <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/java" isTestSource="true" />
  <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/groovy" isTestSource="true" />
  <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/jni" isTestSource="true" />
  <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/src/androidTest/rs" isTestSource="true" />

The .iml file is telling you where to place your test classes.

User · Answer

As of now  studio 0 61  maintaining proper project structure is enough  No need to create separate test project as in eclipse  see below

User · Answer

The easiest way I found is the streamlined in my following blog post    Create a folder in which you ll write all your unit tests  preferably com example app tests  Create a new test class  preferably NameOfClassTestedTests  i e BankAccountLoginActivityTests  Extend InstrumentationTestCase Write a failing unit test to make sure we succeeded configuring unit tests Note that a unit test method name must start with the word    test     preferably testTestedMethodNameExpectedResult   i e testBankAccountValidationFailedShouldLogout    Configure your project for unit tests  Open the  Run     menu and click  edit configurations  Click the   button Select the Android Tests template Input a name for your run configuration  preferably  AppName Tests   Select your app in the module combobox Select the    All In Package    radio button  generally you d want to select this option because it runs all unit tests in all your test classes  Fill in the test package name from step 1  i e com example app tests  Select the device you wish to run your tests on Apply and save the configuration Run unit tests  and expect failure   Select your newly created Tests configuration from the Run menu Click Run and read the results in the output console   Good luck making your code more readable  maintainable and well-tested

User · Answer

One of the major changes it seems is that with Android Studio the test application is integrated into the application project   I m not sure if this helps your specific problem  but I found a guide on making tests with a Gradle project  Android Gradle user Guide

User · Answer

Add below lib inside gradle file   androidTestCompile  com android support test espresso espresso-core 2 2 2             exclude group   com android support   module   support-annotations           Create class HomeActivityTest inside androidTest directory and  before running the test add flurry api key and sender id string inside string resource file and change the value for failure and success case    RunWith AndroidJUnit4 class  public class HomeActivityTest       private static final String SENDER ID    abc       private static final String RELEASE FLURRY API KEY    xyz         Test     public void gcmRegistrationId isCorrect   throws Exception                  Context of the app under test          Context appContext   InstrumentationRegistry getTargetContext             Assert assertEquals SENDER ID  appContext getString R string sender id                Test     public void flurryApiKey isCorrect   throws Exception                  Context of the app under test          Context appContext   InstrumentationRegistry getTargetContext             Assert assertEquals RELEASE FLURRY API KEY  appContext getString R string flurry api key

User · Answer

I would suggest to use gradle build file    Add a src androidTest java directory for the tests  Like Chris starts to explain  Open gradle build file and specify there   android        compileSdkVersion rootProject compileSdkVersion     buildToolsVersion rootProject buildToolsVersion      sourceSets            androidTest               java srcDirs     androidTest java                      Press  Sync Project with Gradle file   at the top panel   You should see now a folder  java   inside  androidTest   is a green color  Now You are able to create there any test files and execute they

User · Answer

Android Studio v 2 3 3  Highlight the code context you want to test  and use the hotkey  CTRL SHIFT T  Use the dialog interface to complete your setup   The testing framework is supposed to mirror your project package layout for best results  but you can manually create custom tests  provided you have the correct directory and build settings

User · Answer

I think this post by Rex St John is very useful for unit testing with android studio     source  rexstjohn com

User · Answer

This answer is for people who are just getting started with Android testing  I will provide two simple examples to help you see how testing works  If you follow along for the next 10 minutes  you will be all set up to start adding your tests to your own app  I think you ll be surprised how easy it is  I certainly was  Intro to Android Testing There are two different types of tests that you will do   Local unit tests  These are run locally on the JVM  Java Virtual Machine   Since they are local  they are fast  You can use them to test the parts of your code that just need Java and not the Android APIs   Sometimes you can make a fake API object to test more things locally  This is called a mocking  A mock Context is an example   Instrumented tests  These tests are run on a real device or in the emulator  That makes them slower than the local tests  However  they are more flexible because you have the full Android API available to you   Create a new project and you will see the following default folders   Everything is already there and waiting for you to create your tests  It s all set up already  How to create local unit tests Open the ExampleUnitTest file shown in the image above  it should look something like this  public class ExampleUnitTest        Test     public void addition isCorrect   throws Exception           assertEquals 4  2   2            Press the double green arrow to run all the tests or the single green arrow to run only one   In this case there is only one test so they both do the same thing    It should pass  as long as 2   2 is still 4 when you are reading this answer   Congratulations  you just ran your first test  Making your own test Let s write our own test  First add this class to your main app project so that we have something to test  public class MyClass       public int add int a  int b            return a   b           Now change the addition isCorrect   method in the test class to be like the following code  or just add another method with a different name   public class ExampleUnitTest        Test     public void addition isCorrect   throws Exception           MyClass myClass   new MyClass            int result   myClass add 2  2           int expected   4          assertEquals expected  result            Run it again and you should see it pass  Congratulations  you just created your own first test   Well  I guess technically it was mine  but  hey  close enough  What s mine is yours   How to create instrumented tests Open the ExampleInstrumentedTest file  it should look something like this   RunWith AndroidJUnit4 class  public class ExampleInstrumentedTest        Test     public void useAppContext   throws Exception              Context of the app under test          Context appContext   InstrumentationRegistry getTargetContext             assertEquals  quot com example myapp quot   appContext getPackageName              Press one of those green buttons again   As long as you have a real device connected or the emulator set up  it should have started it up and run your app  Congratulations  you just ran your first instrumented test  Making your own test The instrumented tests use Espresso to run the tests  It is kind of like your own little robot user that you can have test your app  You can tell it to do something like pressing a button or reading the properties of a TextView  You can write the instructions for how to do the test by hand  but since we are just starting out  let s use the auto-record function  It s super simple  First add a button to your UI so that we have something to work with  I did this   lt  xml version  quot 1 0 quot  encoding  quot utf-8 quot   gt   lt android support constraint ConstraintLayout     xmlns android  quot http   schemas android com apk res android quot      xmlns tools  quot http   schemas android com tools quot      android layout width  quot match parent quot      android layout height  quot match parent quot      tools context  quot com example myapp MainActivity quot  gt        lt Button         android id  quot   id myButton quot          android text  quot Click me quot          android layout width  quot wrap content quot          android layout height  quot wrap content quot   gt    lt  android support constraint ConstraintLayout gt    Then press Run  gt  Record Espresso Test in the menu   After it starts  click the button in the emulator and then to finish choose OK on the Record dialog  It should auto generate the following test code   LargeTest  RunWith AndroidJUnit4 class  public class MainActivityTest         Rule     public ActivityTestRule lt MainActivity gt  mActivityTestRule   new ActivityTestRule lt  gt  MainActivity class         Test     public void mainActivityTest             ViewInteraction appCompatButton   onView                  allOf withId R id myButton   withText  quot Click me quot    isDisplayed              appCompatButton perform click              Great  You just created you first instrumented test  That was super easy  You should probably add an assertion to make it a real test  but that that is pretty easy to do with the recorder  too  Watch this video to go a little deeper  Further Study I d watch the videos first and then read through the documentation  It is all pretty helpful  The last link is to a series of articles that cover some important things to think about when choosing what to test   Android Testing Patterns  short video series from Android Developers  Getting Started with Testing  Android docs  Three Steps to Code Quality via TDD

User · Answer

As of Android Studio 1 1  we ve got official  experimental  support for writing Unit Tests  Roboelectric works as well    Source  https   sites google com a android com tools tech-docs unit-testing-support

User · Answer

Edit  As of 0 1 8 this is now supported in the IDE  Please follow the instructions in there  instead of using the instructions below   Following the Android Gradle Plugin User Guide I was able to get tests working on the command line by performing the following steps on a newly created project  I used the default  com example myapplication  package     Add a src instrumentTest java directory for the tests Add a test class  extending ActivityTestCase  in the package com example myapplication test Start a virtual device On the command line  in the MyApplicationProject MyApplication directory  use the command     gradlew connectedInstrumentTest    This ran my tests and placed the test results in MyApplicationProject MyApplication build reports instrumentTests connected  I m new to testing Android apps  but it seem to work fine   From within the IDE  it s possible to try and run the same test class  You ll need to    Update build gradle to list Maven Central as a repo Update build gradle add JUnit 3 8 as a instrumentTestCompile dependency e g  instrumentTestCompile  junit junit 3 8  In  Project Structure  manually move JUnit to be first in the dependency order   However this fails  the classpath used when running the tests is missing the test output directory   However  I m not sure that this would work regardless as it s my understanding that an Android specific test runner is required

User · Answer

Android Studio keeps evolving so the responses above will eventually be no longer applicable  For the current version of Android Studio 1 2 1 1  there s a nice tutorial on testing at   http   evgenii com blog testing-activity-in-android-studio-tutorial-part-1

[android] How can I create tests in Android Studio?

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