Find the files existing in one directory but not in the other

Question

I m trying to find the files existing in one directory but not in the other  I tried to use this command   diff -q dir1 dir2   The problem with the above command that it finds both the files in dir1 but not in dir2 as well as the files in dir2 but not in dir1    I am trying to find the files in dir1 but not in dir2 only   Here s a small sample of what my data looks like  dir1    dir2    dir3 1 txt   1 txt   1 txt 2 txt   3 txt   3 txt 5 txt   4 txt   5 txt 6 txt   7 txt   8 txt   Another question on my mind is how can I find the files in dir1 but not in dir2 or dir3 in a single command

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This is the bash script to print commands for syncing two directories  dir1  tmp path to dir1 dir2  tmp path to dir2 diff -rq  dir1  dir2   sed -e  s Only in  dir2               cp -r  dir2 1  2  dir1 1      sed -e  s Only in  dir1               cp -r  dir1 1  2  dir2 1

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The accepted answer will also list the files that exist in both directories  but have different content  To list ONLY the files that exist in dir1 you can use   diff -r dir1 dir2   grep  Only in    grep dir1   awk   print  4    gt  difference1 txt   Explanation     diff -r dir1 dir2   compare grep  Only in   get lines that contain  Only in  grep dir1   get lines that contain dir

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This answer optimizes one of the suggestions from  Adail-Junior by adding the -D option  which is helpful when neither of the directories being compared are git repositories   git diff -D --no-index dir1  dir2    If you use -D then you won t see comparisons to  dev null  text     Binary files a whatever and  dev null differ

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comm -23  lt  ls dir1  sort   lt  ls dir2 sort    This command will give you files those are in dir1 and not in dir2   About  lt     sign  you can google it as  process substitution

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This is a bit late but may help someone  Not sure if diff or rsync spit out just filenames in a bare format like this  Thanks to plhn for giving that nice solution which I expanded upon below   If you want just the filenames so it s easy to just copy the files you need in a clean format  you can use the find command   comm -23  lt  find dir1   sed  s dir1       sort   lt  find dir2   sed  s dir2       sort    sed  s     dir1     This assumes that both dir1 and dir2 are in the same parent folder  sed just removes the parent folder so you can compare apples with apples  The last sed just puts the dir1 name back   If you just want files   comm -23  lt  find dir1 -type f   sed  s dir1       sort   lt  find dir2 -type f   sed  s dir2       sort    sed  s     dir1     Similarly for directories   comm -23  lt  find dir1 -type d   sed  s dir1       sort   lt  find dir2 -type d   sed  s dir2       sort    sed  s     dir1

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diff -r dir1 dir2   grep dir1   awk   print  4    gt  difference1 txt   Explanation    diff -r dir1 dir2 shows which files are only in dir1 and those only in dir2 and also the changes of the files present in both directories if any  diff -r dir1 dir2   grep dir1  shows which files are only in dir1 awk to print only filename

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Unsatisfied with all the replies  since most of them work very slowly and produce unnecessarily long output for large directories  I wrote my own Python script to compare two folders   Unlike many other solutions  it doesn t compare contents of the files  Also it doesn t go inside subdirectories which are missing in another directory  So the output is quite concise and the script works fast      usr bin env python3  import os  sys  def compare dirs d1   old directory name   d2   new directory name        def print local a  msg           print  DIR   if a 2  else  FILE   a 1   msg        ensure validity     for d in  d1 d2           if not os path isdir d               raise ValueError  not a directory      d        get relative path     l1     x os path join d1 x   for x in os listdir d1       l2     x os path join d2 x   for x in os listdir d2         determine type  directory or file      l1   sorted   x y os path isdir y   for x y in l1       l2   sorted   x y os path isdir y   for x y in l2       i1   i2   0     common dirs          while i1 lt len l1  and i2 lt len l2           if l1 i1  0     l2 i2  0          same name             if l1 i1  2     l2 i2  2      same type                 if l1 i1  2               remember this folder for recursion                     common dirs append  l1 i1  1   l2 i2  1                else                  print local l1 i1   type changed               i1    1             i2    1         elif l1 i1  0  lt l2 i2  0               print local l1 i1   removed               i1    1         elif l1 i1  0  gt l2 i2  0               print local l2 i2   added               i2    1     while i1 lt len l1           print local l1 i1   removed           i1    1     while i2 lt len l2           print local l2 i2   added           i2    1       compare subfolders recursively     for sd1 sd2 in common dirs          compare dirs sd1  sd2   if   name       main         compare dirs sys argv 1   sys argv 2     Sample usage   user laptop    python3 compare dirs py dir1  dir2  DIR  dir1 out flavor-domino removed DIR  dir2 out flavor-maxim2 added DIR  dir1 target vendor flavor-domino removed DIR  dir2 target vendor flavor-maxim2 added FILE dir1 tmp  kconfig-flavor domino removed FILE dir2 tmp  kconfig-flavor maxim2 added DIR  dir2 tools tools LiveSuit For Linux64 added   Or if you want to see only files from the first directory    user laptop    python3 compare dirs py dir2  dir1    grep dir1 DIR  dir1 out flavor-domino added DIR  dir1 target vendor flavor-domino added FILE dir1 tmp  kconfig-flavor domino added   P S  If you need to compare file sizes and file hashes for potential changes  I published an updated script here  https   gist github com amakukha f489cbde2afd32817f8e866cf4abe779

User · Answer

Another  maybe faster for large directories  approach     find dir1   sed  s              sort  gt  dir1 txt  amp  amp  find dir2   sed  s              sort  gt  dir2 txt   diff dir1 txt dir2 txt   The sed command removes the first directory component thanks to Erik s post

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GNU grep can inverse the search with the option -v  This makes grep reporting the lines  which do not match  By this you can remove the files in dir2 from the list of files in dir1   grep -v -F -x -f  lt  find dir2 -type f -printf   P n    lt  find dir1 -type f -printf   P n     The options -F -x tell grep to perform a string search on the whole line

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A simplified way to compare 2 directories using the DIFF command          diff filename 1 filename 2   filename dat   Enter      open filename dat after the run is complete  and you will see  Only in filename 1  filename 2 Only in  directory name   name of file1 Only in  directory Name   name of file2

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Meld  http   meldmerge org   does a great job at comparing directories and the files within

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vim s DirDiff plugin is another very useful tool for comparing directories   vim -c  DirDiff dir1 dir2    It not only lists which files are different between the directories  but also allows you to inspect modify with vimdiff the files that are different

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This should do the job   diff -rq dir1 dir2   Options explained  via diff 1  man page     -r - Recursively compare any subdirectories found  -q - Output only whether files differ

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A good way to do this comparison is to use find with md5sum  then a diff   Example   Use find to list all the files in the directory then calculate the md5 hash for each file and pipe it to a file   find  dir1  -type f -exec md5sum        gt  dir1 txt   Do the same procedure to the another directory   find  dir2  -type f -exec md5sum        gt  dir2 txt   Then compare the result two files with  diff    diff dir1 txt dir2 txt   This strategy is very useful when the two directories to be compared are not in the same machine and you need to make sure that the files are equal in both directories   Another good way to do the job is using git  git diff --no-index dir1  dir2    Best regards

[linux] Find the files existing in one directory but not in the other

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