[ios] Linker Command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation), Xcode 8, Swift 3

I can't get rid of this error!

I have tried all sorts of things like clearing Derived Data(Preferences->Locations->click gray arrow to open Derived Data folder in Finder->right-click, move to trash), cleaning the project(CMD+Shift+K or Product->Clean), updating carthage and dependencies, checked other answers on StackOverflow (mostly adjustments in Build Settings/Phases), and recloned the app from github, etc.

The same project works on my collaborators computers..

EDIT: From the current top-rated answer, I was able to debug a little further...I am still not sure how to fix though. It looks like I have something in the project twice? I looked and can't find anything showing up twice!

Here's a picture of the log:

This question is related to ios objective-c xcode xcode8 carthage

The answer is


Select the project-> Build Phase->Link Binary with libraries and add all pod libraries.


I was testing the Sparkle framework with CocoaPods.

Sadly, I put pod 'Sparkle', '~> 1.21' in the PodFile in the wrong place. I put it underneath Testing (for unit tests).

Once placed in correct spot in PodFile, everything's fine.


did you try a clean? cmd + shift + k


A lot of solutions are mentioned above. No one worked for me(but please try above first).

Select Project -> Select Target -> Linked Framework and Libraries -> Add all pod libraries . (remove if they exist in embedded binaries)

Now remove these from Framework Folder in left file explorer of xcode.

This solved my issue.


It seems like the issue is different for most of us, and the error message has decent info. In my case, the Deployment Target was set to 10.13 by the export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.13 line, but I was running 10.14. So I had to switch my Deployment Target to 10.14 in General > Deployment Info, in order for the ITLibrary-related symbols to be available again.

cd /Users/foo/src/scrobble/macos/itunes-scrobble
    export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.13

... SNIP ...

Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "_OBJC_CLASS_$_ITLibMediaItem", referenced from:
      objc-class-ref in AppDelegate.o
  "_OBJC_CLASS_$_ITLibPlaylist", referenced from:
      objc-class-ref in AppDelegate.o
  "_OBJC_CLASS_$_ITLibrary", referenced from:
      objc-class-ref in AppDelegate.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

Maybe you installed a pod file and you are still trying to build from the .xcodeproj file instead of .xcworkspace


I had same problem.

The cause was that I declared same global variable in 2 files. So it was showing same error saying 2 duplicate symbols.

The solution was to remove those variables.


One of the reasons of this problem might be "Build Active Architecture Only". You need set to true.


I just had to do import Foundation!

I was using Kitura for Swift server side and kept forgetting this!


I had the same problem using Carthage for dependencies.

Just go to Select Project -> Build Settings -> Search for Enable Bitcode -> If it is selected to Yes, select No.

That solved this problem for me.


Okay...So here is what solved my problem...

in App Delegate File:

#import "AppDelegate.h"
#import "DarkSkyAPI.h"
//#import "Credentials.h"

I had imported Credentials.h already in the DarkSkyAPI.m file in my project. Commenting out the extra import made the error go away!

Some things to mention and maybe help anyone in the future. @umairqureshi_6's answer did help me along the process, but did not solve it. He led to where I was able to dig out the info. I kept seeing AppDelegate and DarkSkyAPI files showing up in the error log and the information it was pulling from Credentials file was causing the error. I knew it had to be in one of these 3 files, so I immediately checked imports, because I remembered hearing that the .h carries all the imports from its .m file. Boom!


In my case I have change the Target name in my Podfile So it's create the same Error for me.

Solution

Just go project-> Build Phase->Link Binary with libraries Remove the old FrameWorks by click on minus button(-) And clean and Run again. It's work me.

enter image description here

Remove Unwanted .framework.


I got the same issues while making a build of Ionic 1 project.

I was able to solve the issue after deleting the file CDVLogger.h & CDVLogger.m


I k now the question has already been answered. But if this helps somebody save some time : I had the same error. I checked everything to find a very small and stupid mistake from my side. I imported a core data ManagedObject custom file in a view controller of my project. I accidentally imported the .m file instead of the .h file which was causing the duplicate symbol in architecture error (linker command failed) because my .m file of properties class imports the .h file of core data class and hence causing duplicate import.

So just check if u have imported the right files before you try multiple solutions.!


In my case the reason of the error is library which was linked two times.

I use react-native so it was linked automatically using react-native link and manually in xcode.


For any one having this issue with Flurry framework. This is what fixed my issue. For me the issue was that i had imported the following files but never used them. "libFlurryTVOS_9.2.3" "libFlurryWatch_9.2.3"

So all I had to do was go to project target settings and remove these 2 files from the "Linked framework and libraries" section and the problem was solved.


In my case, I was producing multiple products from the same project. For one of the products, the main.m file imported a header file from another folder under the same project. But that file was not included in "Complied Sources" under "Build Phase". This caused a linker error.

After carefully comparing the "Build Phases" settings for a product that could be built successfully, I realized that the .m file of the header needs to be included in the list of "Compiled Source". My issue was resolved after adding that file. Attaching a picture for clarity. The highlighted file had to be added.

enter image description here


Here is my problem and solution:

I removed two files from the source code using source tree(Version controller). After applying the diff, that contains the two classes I removed, Xcode didn't add it automatically. So I got linker error.

I manually added the files, by right click on group name and select "Add files to ". Now my error got resolved.

If anyone faced the linker error regarding class file, then try to add it manually.


For me, the gem lock file was specifying an older version of cocoapods than the one I had installed. I had to re-branch and run bundle exec pod install instead of pod install


Make sure the Find Implicit Dependencies checkbox is checked.

(Product -> Scheme -> Edit Scheme -> Build -> Find Implicit Dependencies)


Did not have this problem when I built and ran on my own device. Only had this problem with simulators. I just simply restarted my computer and ran it. It worked.


I had the same problem. If you are checking out any github project, then instead of using git clone, use git lfs clone, as sometimes, some large files are not properly cloned by using git only. Also, make sure your bitcode is disabled.


The other answers didn't work for me so here I share my solution in case it might help somebody else:

My problem was that I was configuring the Podfile of my XCode-Project for the wrong platform. Changing "platform :ios" at the beginning of my Podfile to "platform :macos" worked for me to get rid of the error.


Ok, I had the same problem just today and started googling it, when I came across this thread. I haven't finished reading the question when the answer struck my mind: I declared a class with an empty constructor

class MyClass{
    MyClass();

    void func_one(){
    // code
    }

    void func_two(){
    // code
    }

    ~MyClass(){
        cout << "Deleting object" << endl;
     }
};

Then I thought why not terminating (not sure if I'm correct with word selection here, but who cares) the constructor of my class with curly braces ({}). So I did:

class MyClass{
    MyClass(){}

    void func_one(){
    // code
    }

    void func_two(){
    // code
    }

    ~MyClass(){
        cout << "Deleting object" << endl;
     }
};

The problem eliminated, my code started working perfectly.

I know, the good practice is to investigate the issue and find the real cause, but this worked for me.


the only thing that worked for me was to run pod deintegrate and pod install


Examples related to ios

Adding a UISegmentedControl to UITableView Crop image to specified size and picture location Undefined Symbols error when integrating Apptentive iOS SDK via Cocoapods Keep placeholder text in UITextField on input in IOS Accessing AppDelegate from framework? Autoresize View When SubViews are Added Warp \ bend effect on a UIView? Speech input for visually impaired users without the need to tap the screen make UITableViewCell selectable only while editing Xcode 12, building for iOS Simulator, but linking in object file built for iOS, for architecture arm64

Examples related to objective-c

Adding a UISegmentedControl to UITableView Keep placeholder text in UITextField on input in IOS Accessing AppDelegate from framework? Warp \ bend effect on a UIView? Use NSInteger as array index Detect if the device is iPhone X Linker Command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation), Xcode 8, Swift 3 ITSAppUsesNonExemptEncryption export compliance while internal testing? How to enable back/left swipe gesture in UINavigationController after setting leftBarButtonItem? Change status bar text color to light in iOS 9 with Objective-C

Examples related to xcode

Undefined Symbols error when integrating Apptentive iOS SDK via Cocoapods Xcode 12, building for iOS Simulator, but linking in object file built for iOS, for architecture arm64 iPhone is not available. Please reconnect the device Make a VStack fill the width of the screen in SwiftUI error Failed to build iOS project. We ran "xcodebuild" command but it exited with error code 65 The iOS Simulator deployment targets is set to 7.0, but the range of supported deployment target version for this platform is 8.0 to 12.1 Xcode 10.2.1 Command PhaseScriptExecution failed with a nonzero exit code Git is not working after macOS Update (xcrun: error: invalid active developer path (/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools) Xcode 10: A valid provisioning profile for this executable was not found Xcode 10, Command CodeSign failed with a nonzero exit code

Examples related to xcode8

Linker Command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation), Xcode 8, Swift 3 Xcode: Could not locate device support files Xcode 8 shows error that provisioning profile doesn't include signing certificate Xcode error: Code signing is required for product type 'Application' in SDK 'iOS 10.0' Correctly Parsing JSON in Swift 3 How can I delete derived data in Xcode 8? CGRectMake, CGPointMake, CGSizeMake, CGRectZero, CGPointZero is unavailable in Swift How to create dispatch queue in Swift 3 Hide strange unwanted Xcode logs Can I delete data from the iOS DeviceSupport directory?

Examples related to carthage

Linker Command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation), Xcode 8, Swift 3