[python] How to add title to subplots in Matplotlib?

I have one figure which contains many subplots.

fig = plt.figure(num=None, figsize=(26, 12), dpi=80, facecolor='w', edgecolor='k')
fig.canvas.set_window_title('Window Title')

# Returns the Axes instance
ax = fig.add_subplot(311) 
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(312) 
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(313) 

How do I add titles to the subplots?

fig.suptitle adds a title to all graphs and although ax.set_title() exists, the latter does not add any title to my subplots.

Thank you for your help.

Edit: Corrected typo about set_title(). Thanks Rutger Kassies

If you want to make it shorter, you could write :

import matplolib.pyplot as plt
for i in range(4):
    plt.subplot(2,2,i+1).set_title('Subplot n°{}' .format(i+1))
plt.show()

It makes it maybe less clear but you don't need more lines or variables

In case you have multiple images and you want to loop though them and show them 1 by 1 along with titles - this is what you can do. No need to explicitly define ax1, ax2, etc.

1. The catch is you can define dynamic axes(ax) as in Line 1 of code and you can set its title inside a loop.
2. The rows of 2D array is length (len) of axis(ax)
3. Each row has 2 items i.e. It is list within a list (Point No.2)
4. set_title can be used to set title, once the proper axes(ax) or subplot is selected.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt    
fig, ax = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(6, 8))  
for i in range(len(ax)): 
    for j in range(len(ax[i])):
        ## ax[i,j].imshow(test_images_gr[0].reshape(28,28))
        ax[i,j].set_title('Title-' + str(i) + str(j))

fig, (ax1, ax2, ax3, ax4) = plt.subplots(nrows=1, ncols=4,figsize=(11, 7))

grid = plt.GridSpec(2, 2, wspace=0.2, hspace=0.5)

ax1 = plt.subplot(grid[0, 0])
ax2 = plt.subplot(grid[0, 1:])
ax3 = plt.subplot(grid[1, :1])
ax4 = plt.subplot(grid[1, 1:])

ax1.title.set_text('First Plot')
ax2.title.set_text('Second Plot')
ax3.title.set_text('Third Plot')
ax4.title.set_text('Fourth Plot')

plt.show()

A solution I tend to use more and more is this one:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig, axs = plt.subplots(2, 2)  # 1
for i, ax in enumerate(axs.ravel()): # 2
    ax.set_title("Plot #{}".format(i)) # 3

1. Create your arbitrary number of axes
2. axs.ravel() converts your 2-dim object to a 1-dim vector in row-major style
3. assigns the title to the current axis-object

ax.set_title() should set the titles for separate subplots:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

if __name__ == "__main__":
    data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

    fig = plt.figure()
    fig.suptitle("Title for whole figure", fontsize=16)
    ax = plt.subplot("211")
    ax.set_title("Title for first plot")
    ax.plot(data)

    ax = plt.subplot("212")
    ax.set_title("Title for second plot")
    ax.plot(data)

    plt.show()

Can you check if this code works for you? Maybe something overwrites them later?

A shorthand answer assuming import matplotlib.pyplot as plt:

plt.gca().set_title('title')

as in:

plt.subplot(221)
plt.gca().set_title('title')
plt.subplot(222)
etc...

Then there is no need for superfluous variables.