Unless you resize up, you cannot do this with raster graphics.
What you can do with good filtering and smoothing is to resize without losing any noticable quality.
You can also alter the DPI metadata of the image (assuming it has some) which will keep exactly the same pixel count, but will alter how image editors think of it in 'real-world' measurements.
And just to cover all bases, if you really meant just the file size of the image and not the actual image dimensions, I suggest you look at a lossless encoding of the image data. My suggestion for this would be to resave the image as a .png file (I tend to use paint as a free transcoder for images in windows. Load image in paint, save as in the new format)