Find the last element of an array while using a foreach loop in PHP

Question

I am writing a SQL query creator using some parameters  In Java  it s very easy to detect the last element of an array from inside the for loop by just checking the current array position with the array length   for int i 0  i lt  arr length i          boolean isLastElem   i    arr length -1    true   false              In PHP they have non-integer indexes to access arrays  So you must iterate over an array using a foreach loop  This becomes problematic when you need to take some decision  in my case to append or and parameter while building query     I am sure there must be some standard way of doing this    How do you solve this in PHP

User · Answer

foreach   array as  key   gt   value        class      key     count   array   -1       class  not-last       class  last       echo   lt div  class  gt      echo   value  the title       echo   lt  div gt         Reference

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You can dirctly get last index by    numItems   count  arr    echo  arr  numItems-1

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There are already many answers  but it s worth to look into iterators as well  especially as it has been asked for a standard way    arr   range 1  3     it   new CachingIterator new ArrayIterator  arr    foreach  it as  key   gt   value      if    it- gt hasNext    echo  Last      echo  value    n       You might find something that does work more flexible for other cases  too

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Here s another way you could do it    arr   range 1  10     end   end  arr   reset  arr    while  list  k   v    each  arr          if   n     end                 echo  last              else               echo sprintf   s     v

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You could also try this to make your query    shown here with INSERT   lt  php   week array  one   gt  monday   two   gt  tuesday   three   gt  wednesday   four   gt  thursday   five   gt  friday   six   gt  saturday   seven   gt  sunday      keys   array keys  week     string    INSERT INTO my table        string    implode         keys     string        VALUES        string    implode         week     string            echo  string    gt

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You could also do something like this   end   elements     endKey   key  elements   foreach   elements as  key   gt   value         if   key     endKey     -- this is the last item                     do something                 more code

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SINCE PHP 7 3 UNTIL NOW You could get the value of the last key of the array using array key last  array  and compare it to the current key   last key   array key last  array   foreach   array as  key   gt   value        if   key     last key               last element       else              not last element

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If you need to do something for every element except either the first or the last and only if there is more than one element in the array  I prefer the following solution   I know there are many solutions above and posted months one year before mine  but this is something I feel is fairly elegant in its own right  The check every loop is also a boolean check as opposed to a numeric  i  count-1   check  which may allow for less overhead   The structure of the loop may feel awkward  but you can compare it to the ordering of thead  beginning   tfoot  end   tbody  current  in HTML table tags    first   true  foreach  array as  key   gt   value        if   first             first   false             Do what you want to do before the first element         echo  List of key  value pairs  n         else              Do what you want to do at the end of every element            except the last  assuming the list has more than one element         echo   n                Do what you want to do for the current element     echo  key       gt       value      For instance  in web development terms  if you want to add a border-bottom to every element except the last in an unordered list  ul   then you can instead add a border-top to every element except the first  the CSS  first-child  supported by IE7  and Firefox Webkit supports this logic  whereas  last-child is not supported by IE7    You can feel free to reuse the  first variable for each and every nested loop as well and things will work just fine since every loop makes  first false during the first process of the first iteration  so breaks exceptions won t cause issues     first   true  foreach  array as  key   gt   subArray        if   first             string    List of key   gt  value array pairs  n            first   false        else           echo   n               string     key      gt          first   true      foreach  subArray as  key   gt   value            if   first                 first   false            else                string                             string     key      gt      value             string           echo  string    Example output   List of key   gt  value array pairs  key1  gt  v1 key1  gt v1 val1  v1 key2  gt v1 val2  key2  gt  v2 key1  gt v2 val1  v2 key2  gt v2 val2  v2 key3  gt v2 val3  key3  gt  v3 key1  gt v3 val1

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lt  php foreach  have comments as  key   gt   page comment     gt       lt  php echo  page comment   gt       lt  php if  key 1 lt count  have comments      gt            lt  php echo         gt       lt  php endif   gt   lt  php endforeach   gt

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you can do a count     for   i 0  i lt count arr   i          i    count arr -1   true   false      or if you re looking for ONLY the last element  you can use end     end arr     returns only the last element   and  as it turns out  you CAN index php arrays by integers  It s perfectly happy with   arr 1

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You can still use that method with associative arrays    keys   array keys  array   for   i   0   l   count  array    i  lt   l     i         key    array  i        value    array  key        isLastItem     i      l - 1           do stuff       or this way      i   0   l   count  array   foreach   array as  key   gt   value         isLastItem     i      l - 1           do stuff        i

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why so complicated   foreach  input as  key   gt   value         ret      value       if  next  input   true   ret             This will add a   behind every value except the last one

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It sounds like you want something like this    numItems   count  arr    i   0  foreach  arr as  key  gt  value      if    i      numItems        echo  last index                That being said  you don t -have- to iterate over an  array  using foreach in php

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This should be the easy way to find the last element   foreach    array as  key   gt   a         if   end  array keys   array         key             echo  Last element          else           echo  Just another element                Reference   Link

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If I understand you  then all you need is to reverse the array and get the last element by a pop command       rev array   array reverse  array       echo array pop  rev array

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I personally use this kind of construction which enable an easy use with html  lt  ul   and  lt  li   elements   simply change the equality for an other property     The array cannot contains false items but all the others items which are cast into the false boolean    table   array   a     b    c     it   reset  table   while   it     false         echo  all loops  echo  it       nextIt   next  table       if   nextIt     false     nextIt      it                echo  last loop or two identical items              it    nextIt

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As your intention of finding the EOF array is just for the glue  Get introduced to the below tactic  You need not require the EOF     given array   array  column1   gt  value1                         column2   gt  value2                         column3   gt  value3      glue       foreach  given array as  column name  gt  value        where       glue  column name    value     appending the glue      glue      AND     echo  where    o p   column1   value1 AND column2   value2 AND column3   value3

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For SQL query generating scripts  or anything that does a different action for the first or last elements  it is much faster  almost twice as fast  to avoid using unneccessary variable checks   The current accepted solution uses a loop and a check within the loop that will be made every single iteration  the correct  fast  way to do this is the following     numItems   count  arr    i 0   firstitem  arr 0    i    while  i lt  numItems-1        some item  arr  i        i       last item  arr  i    i      A little homemade benchmark showed the following   test1  100000 runs of model morg  time  1869 3430423737 milliseconds  test2  100000 runs of model if last  time  3235 6359958649 milliseconds

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Try this simple solution   test     a    gt  1   b    gt  2   c    gt  3     last array value   end  test    foreach   test as  key   gt   value       if   value      last array value          echo  value     display the last value        else        echo  value     display the values that are not last elements

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I kinda like the following as I feel it is fairly neat  Let s assume we re creating a string with separators between all the elements  e g  a b c    first   true  foreach    items as  item          str     first   first false       item

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One way could be to detect if the iterator has next  If there is no next attached to the iterator it means you are in the last loop    foreach   some array as  element        if  next  some array                 This is the last  element

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You could get the value of the last key of the array using end array keys  array   and compare it to the current key    last key   end array keys  array    foreach   array as  key   gt   value        if   key     last key               last element       else              not last element

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More easy by end   function is an inbuilt function in PHP and is used to find the last element of the given array  The end   function changes the internal pointer of an array to point to the last element and returns the value of the last element   Below is an example with non integer index    lt  php      arr   array               first    gt                   array  id    gt  1   label    gt   one                  second    gt                   array  id    gt  2   label    gt   two                  last    gt                   array  id    gt  9   label    gt   nine                   lastIndexArr   end  arr       print r  lastIndexArr     Check here the last array as an output

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Don t add a comma after the last value  The array   data     lorem    ipsum    dolor    sit    amet     The function   result    quot  quot   foreach  data as  value         result     next  data      quot  value   quot     value     The result  print  result   lorem  ipsum  dolor  sit  amet

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It sounds like you want something like this    array   array       First        Second        Third        Last      foreach  array as  key   gt   value        if end  array       value               echo  last index      value

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I have a strong feeling that at the root of this  XY problem  the OP wanted just implode   function

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Another way to go is to remember the previous loop cycle result and use that as the end result        result    where           foreach   conditions as  col   gt   val             result    where     this- gt getAdapter  - gt quoteInto  col          val            where       AND              return  this- gt delete  result

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to get first and last element from foreach array   foreach  array as  value        if   value     reset  array             echo  FIRST ELEMENT               if   value     end  array             echo  LAST ITEM

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So  if your array has unique array values  then determining last iteration is trivial   foreach  array as  element        if   element     end  array           echo  LAST ELEMENT        As you see  this works if last element is appearing just once in array  otherwise you get a false alarm  In it is not  you have to compare the keys  which are unique for sure    foreach  array as  key   gt   element        end  array       if   key     key  array           echo  LAST ELEMENT        Also note the strict coparision operator  which is quite important in this case

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How about using  end    http   php net manual en function end php

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Assuming you have the array stored in a variable     foreach  array as  key  gt  value          echo  value      if  key    count  array -1    echo

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When toEnd reaches 0 it means it is at the last iteration of the loop     toEnd   count  arr   foreach  arr as  key  gt  value      if  0     -- toEnd        echo  last index   value           The last value is still available after the loop  so if you just want to use it for more stuff after the loop this is better   foreach  arr as  key  gt  value        something   echo  last index   key   gt   value     If you do not want to treat the last value as special inside loops  This should be faster if you have large arrays   If you reuse the array after the loop inside the same scope you have to  copy  the array first      If you use this in a large global code without namespaces or functions then you can copy the array like this     array    originalArrayName    uncomment to copy an array you may use after this loop    end  array    lastKey   key  array     uncomment if you use the keys  lastValue   array pop  array      do something special with the last value here before you process all the others  echo  Last is  lastValue     n    foreach   array as  key   gt   value          do something with all values before the last value     echo  All except last value   value     n        do something special with the last value here after you process all the others  echo  Last is  lastValue     n     And to answer your original question  in my case to append or and parameter while building query   this will loop over all the values  then join them together to a string with   and   between them but not before the first value or after the last value    params       foreach   array as  value         params     doSomething  value      parameters   implode   and     params

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Here s my solution  Simply get the count of your array  minus 1  since they start in 0     lastkey   count  array  - 1  foreach  array as  k  gt  a       if  k   lastkey             do something

[php] Find the last element of an array while using a foreach loop in PHP

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