Complementing the @DanielLew answer, to get the values of the parameteres you have to do this:
URI example: myapp://path/to/what/i/want?keyOne=valueOne&keyTwo=valueTwo
in your activity:
Intent intent = getIntent();
if (Intent.ACTION_VIEW.equals(intent.getAction())) {
Uri uri = intent.getData();
String valueOne = uri.getQueryParameter("keyOne");
String valueTwo = uri.getQueryParameter("keyTwo");
}