[ios] Fast and Lean PDF Viewer for iPhone / iPad / iOS - tips and hints?

There has been many Questions recently about drawing PDF's.

Yes, you can render PDF's very easily with a UIWebView but this cant give the performance and functionality that you would expect from a good PDF viewer.

You can draw a PDF page to a CALayer or to a UIImage. Apple even have sample code to show how draw a large PDF in a Zoomable UIScrollview

But the same issues keep cropping up.

UIImage Method:

1. PDF's in a UIImage don't optically scale as well as a Layer approach.
2. The CPU and memory hit on generating the UIImages from a PDFcontext limits/prevents using it to create a real-time render of new zoom-levels.

CATiledLayer Method:

3. Theres a significant Overhead (time) drawing a full PDF page to a CALayer: individual tiles can be seen rendering (even with a tileSize tweak)
4. CALayers cant be prepared ahead of time (rendered off-screen).

Generally PDF viewers are pretty heavy on memory too. Even monitor the memory usage of apple's zoomable PDF example.

In my current project, I'm developing a PDF viewer and am rendering a UIImage of a page in a separate thread (issues here too!) and presenting it while the scale is x1. CATiledLayer rendering kicks in once the scale is >1. iBooks takes a similar double take approach as if you scroll the pages you can see a lower res version of the page for just less than a second before a crisp version appears.

Im rendering 2 pages each side of the page in focus so that the PDF image is ready to mask the layer before it starts drawing.Pages are destroyed again when they are +2 pages away from the focused page.

Does anyone have any insights, no matter how small or obvious to improve the performance/ memory handling of Drawing PDF's? or any other issues discussed here?

EDIT: Some Tips (Credit- Luke Mcneice,VdesmedT,Matt Gallagher,Johann):

• Save any media to disk when you can.

• Use larger tileSizes if rendering on TiledLayers

• init frequently used arrays with placeholder objects, alternitively another design approach is this one

• Note that images will render faster than a CGPDFPageRef

• Use NSOperations or GCD & Blocks to prepare pages ahead of time.

• call CGContextSetInterpolationQuality(ctx, kCGInterpolationHigh); CGContextSetRenderingIntent(ctx, kCGRenderingIntentDefault); before CGContextDrawPDFPage to reduce memory usage while drawing

• init'ing your NSOperations with a docRef is a bad idea (memory), wrap the docRef into a singleton.

• Cancel needless NSOperations When you can, especially if they will be using memory, beware of leaving contexts open though!

• Recycle page objects and destroy unused views

• Close any open Contexts as soon as you don't need them

• on receiving memory warnings release and reload the DocRef and any page Caches

Other PDF Features:

• Getting Links inside a PDF (and here and here)

  • Understanding the PDF Rect for link positioning

  • Converting PDF annot datestrings

  • Getting the target of the link (Getting the page number from the /Dest array)

• Getting a table of contents

• Document title and Keywords

• Getting Raw Text (and here and Here and here (positioning focused))

• Searching(and here) (doesn't work with all PDFs (some just show weird characters, I guess it's an encoding issue but I'm not sure) -Credit BrainFeeder)

• CALayer and Off-Screen Rendering - render the next page for fast/smooth display

Documentation

• Quartz PDFObjects (Used for meta info, annotations, thumbs)
• Abobe PDF Spec

Example projects

• Apple/ ZoomingPDF - zooming, UIScrollView, CATiledLayer
• vfr/ reader - zooming, paging, UIScrollView, CATiledView
• brow/ leaves - paging with nice transitions
• / skim - everything it seems (PDF reader/editor for OSX)

Since iOS 11, you can use the native framework called PDFKit for displaying and manipulating PDFs.

After importing PDFKit, you should initialize a PDFView with a local or a remote URL and display it in your view.

if let url = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "example", withExtension: "pdf") {
    let pdfView = PDFView(frame: view.frame)
    pdfView.document = PDFDocument(url: url)
    view.addSubview(pdfView)
}

Read more about PDFKit in the Apple Developer documentation.

For a simple and effective PDF viewer, when you require only limited functionality, you can now (iOS 4.0+) use the QuickLook framework:

First, you need to link against QuickLook.framework and #import <QuickLook/QuickLook.h>;

Afterwards, in either viewDidLoad or any of the lazy initialization methods:

QLPreviewController *previewController = [[QLPreviewController alloc] init];
previewController.dataSource = self;
previewController.delegate = self;
previewController.currentPreviewItemIndex = indexPath.row;
[self presentModalViewController:previewController animated:YES];
[previewController release];