Is there public API for using the Google Authenticator (two factor authentication) on self-running (e.g. LAMP stack) web apps?
This question is related to
security
authentication
google-oauth
For C# user, run this simple Console App to understand how to verify the one time token code. Note that we need to install library Otp.Net from Nuget package first.
static string secretKey = "JBSWY3DPEHPK3PXP"; //add this key to your Google Authenticator app
private static void Main(string[] args)
{
var bytes = Base32Encoding.ToBytes(secretKey);
var totp = new Totp(bytes);
while (true)
{
Console.Write("Enter your code from Google Authenticator app: ");
string userCode = Console.ReadLine();
//Generate one time token code
string tokenInApp = totp.ComputeTotp();
int remainingSeconds = totp.RemainingSeconds();
if (userCode.Equals(tokenInApp)
&& remainingSeconds > 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("Success!");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Failed. Try again!");
}
}
}
I found this: https://github.com/PHPGangsta/GoogleAuthenticator. I tested it and works fine for me.
There are a variety of libraries for PHP (The LAMP Stack)
PHP
https://code.google.com/p/ga4php/
http://www.idontplaydarts.com/2011/07/google-totp-two-factor-authentication-for-php/
You should be careful when implementing two-factor auth, you need to ensure your clocks on the server and client are synchronized, that there is protection in place against brute-force attacks on the token and that the initial seed used is suitably large.
Not LAMP but if you use C# this is the code I use:
Code originally from:
https://github.com/kspearrin/Otp.NET
The Base32Encoding class is from this answer:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/7135008/3850405
Example program:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var bytes = Base32Encoding.ToBytes("JBSWY3DPEHPK3PXP");
var totp = new Totp(bytes);
var result = totp.ComputeTotp();
var remainingTime = totp.RemainingSeconds();
}
}
Totp:
public class Totp
{
const long unixEpochTicks = 621355968000000000L;
const long ticksToSeconds = 10000000L;
private const int step = 30;
private const int totpSize = 6;
private byte[] key;
public Totp(byte[] secretKey)
{
key = secretKey;
}
public string ComputeTotp()
{
var window = CalculateTimeStepFromTimestamp(DateTime.UtcNow);
var data = GetBigEndianBytes(window);
var hmac = new HMACSHA1();
hmac.Key = key;
var hmacComputedHash = hmac.ComputeHash(data);
int offset = hmacComputedHash[hmacComputedHash.Length - 1] & 0x0F;
var otp = (hmacComputedHash[offset] & 0x7f) << 24
| (hmacComputedHash[offset + 1] & 0xff) << 16
| (hmacComputedHash[offset + 2] & 0xff) << 8
| (hmacComputedHash[offset + 3] & 0xff) % 1000000;
var result = Digits(otp, totpSize);
return result;
}
public int RemainingSeconds()
{
return step - (int)(((DateTime.UtcNow.Ticks - unixEpochTicks) / ticksToSeconds) % step);
}
private byte[] GetBigEndianBytes(long input)
{
// Since .net uses little endian numbers, we need to reverse the byte order to get big endian.
var data = BitConverter.GetBytes(input);
Array.Reverse(data);
return data;
}
private long CalculateTimeStepFromTimestamp(DateTime timestamp)
{
var unixTimestamp = (timestamp.Ticks - unixEpochTicks) / ticksToSeconds;
var window = unixTimestamp / (long)step;
return window;
}
private string Digits(long input, int digitCount)
{
var truncatedValue = ((int)input % (int)Math.Pow(10, digitCount));
return truncatedValue.ToString().PadLeft(digitCount, '0');
}
}
Base32Encoding:
public static class Base32Encoding
{
public static byte[] ToBytes(string input)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input))
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("input");
}
input = input.TrimEnd('='); //remove padding characters
int byteCount = input.Length * 5 / 8; //this must be TRUNCATED
byte[] returnArray = new byte[byteCount];
byte curByte = 0, bitsRemaining = 8;
int mask = 0, arrayIndex = 0;
foreach (char c in input)
{
int cValue = CharToValue(c);
if (bitsRemaining > 5)
{
mask = cValue << (bitsRemaining - 5);
curByte = (byte)(curByte | mask);
bitsRemaining -= 5;
}
else
{
mask = cValue >> (5 - bitsRemaining);
curByte = (byte)(curByte | mask);
returnArray[arrayIndex++] = curByte;
curByte = (byte)(cValue << (3 + bitsRemaining));
bitsRemaining += 3;
}
}
//if we didn't end with a full byte
if (arrayIndex != byteCount)
{
returnArray[arrayIndex] = curByte;
}
return returnArray;
}
public static string ToString(byte[] input)
{
if (input == null || input.Length == 0)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("input");
}
int charCount = (int)Math.Ceiling(input.Length / 5d) * 8;
char[] returnArray = new char[charCount];
byte nextChar = 0, bitsRemaining = 5;
int arrayIndex = 0;
foreach (byte b in input)
{
nextChar = (byte)(nextChar | (b >> (8 - bitsRemaining)));
returnArray[arrayIndex++] = ValueToChar(nextChar);
if (bitsRemaining < 4)
{
nextChar = (byte)((b >> (3 - bitsRemaining)) & 31);
returnArray[arrayIndex++] = ValueToChar(nextChar);
bitsRemaining += 5;
}
bitsRemaining -= 3;
nextChar = (byte)((b << bitsRemaining) & 31);
}
//if we didn't end with a full char
if (arrayIndex != charCount)
{
returnArray[arrayIndex++] = ValueToChar(nextChar);
while (arrayIndex != charCount) returnArray[arrayIndex++] = '='; //padding
}
return new string(returnArray);
}
private static int CharToValue(char c)
{
int value = (int)c;
//65-90 == uppercase letters
if (value < 91 && value > 64)
{
return value - 65;
}
//50-55 == numbers 2-7
if (value < 56 && value > 49)
{
return value - 24;
}
//97-122 == lowercase letters
if (value < 123 && value > 96)
{
return value - 97;
}
throw new ArgumentException("Character is not a Base32 character.", "c");
}
private static char ValueToChar(byte b)
{
if (b < 26)
{
return (char)(b + 65);
}
if (b < 32)
{
return (char)(b + 24);
}
throw new ArgumentException("Byte is not a value Base32 value.", "b");
}
}
Yes, need no network service, because Google Authenticator app won't communicate with the google server, it just keeps synced with the initital secret that your server generate(input into your phone from QR code) while the time pass.
The algorithm is documented in RFC6238. Goes a bit like this:
I've had a play implementing the algorithm in javascript here: http://blog.tinisles.com/2011/10/google-authenticator-one-time-password-algorithm-in-javascript/
Theres: https://www.gauthify.com that offers it as a service
For those using Laravel, this https://github.com/sitepoint-editors/google-laravel-2FA is a nice way to solve this problem.
You can use my solution, posted as the answer to my question (there is full Python code and explanation):
It is rather easy to implement it in PHP or Perl, I think. If you have any problems with this, please let me know.
I have also posted my code on GitHub as Python module.
Source: Stackoverflow.com