If you will divide by some large value you will get a huge amount of duplicates one after other. What you need to do is to take modulo of the %RANDOM% value:
@echo off
REM
SET maxvalue=10
SET minvalue=1
SETLOCAL
SET /A tmpRandom=((%RANDOM%)%%(%maxvalue%))+(%minvalue%)
echo "Tmp random: %tmpRandom%"
echo "Random: %RANDOM%"
ENDLOCAL