How do I run Selenium in Xvfb

Question

I m on EC2 instance  So there is no GUI    pip install selenium  sudo apt-get install firefox xvfb   Then I do this    Xvfb  1 -screen 0 1024x768x24 2 gt  amp 1  gt  dev null  amp    DISPLAY  1 java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2 0b3 jar 05 08 31 227 INFO - Java  Sun Microsystems Inc  19 0-b09 05 08 31 229 INFO - OS  Linux 2 6 32-305-ec2 i386 05 08 31 233 INFO - v2 0  b3   with Core v2 0  b3  05 08 32 121 INFO - RemoteWebDriver instances should connect to  http   127 0 0 1 4444 wd hub 05 08 32 122 INFO - Version Jetty 5 1 x 05 08 32 123 INFO - Started HttpContext  selenium-server driver  selenium-server driver  05 08 32 124 INFO - Started HttpContext  selenium-server  selenium-server  05 08 32 124 INFO - Started HttpContext      05 08 32 291 INFO - Started org openqa jetty jetty servlet ServletHandler 1186fab 05 08 32 292 INFO - Started HttpContext  wd  wd  05 08 32 295 INFO - Started SocketListener on 0 0 0 0 4444 05 08 32 295 INFO - Started org openqa jetty jetty Server 1ffb8dc   Great  everything should work now  right   When I run my code   from selenium import webdriver from selenium common exceptions import NoSuchElementException from selenium webdriver common keys import Keys  browser   webdriver Firefox    browser get  http   www yahoo com      I get this   Error  cannot open display   0

User · Answer

The easiest way is probably to use xvfb-run   DISPLAY  1 xvfb-run java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2 0b3 jar   xvfb-run does the whole X authority dance for you  give it a try

User · Answer

You can use PyVirtualDisplay  a Python wrapper for Xvfb  to run headless WebDriver tests      usr bin env python  from pyvirtualdisplay import Display from selenium import webdriver  display   Display visible 0  size  800  600   display start      now Firefox will run in a virtual display     you will not see the browser  browser   webdriver Firefox   browser get  http   www google com   print browser title browser quit    display stop     more info    You can also use xvfbwrapper  which is a similar module  but has no external dependencies    from xvfbwrapper import Xvfb  vdisplay   Xvfb   vdisplay start      launch stuff inside virtual display here  vdisplay stop     or better yet  use it as a context manager   from xvfbwrapper import Xvfb  with Xvfb   as xvfb        launch stuff inside virtual display here        It starts stops in this code block

User · Answer

This is the setup I use   Before running the tests  execute   export DISPLAY  99  etc init d xvfb start   And after the tests    etc init d xvfb stop  The init d file I use looks like this      bin bash  XVFB  usr bin Xvfb XVFBARGS   DISPLAY -ac -screen 0 1024x768x16  PIDFILE   HOME  xvfb   DISPLAY 1  pid case   1  in   start      echo -n  Starting virtual X frame buffer  Xvfb       sbin start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile  PIDFILE --make-pidfile --background --exec  XVFB --  XVFBARGS     echo              stop      echo -n  Stopping virtual X frame buffer  Xvfb       sbin start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile  PIDFILE     echo              restart       0 stop      0 start               echo  Usage   etc init d xvfb  start stop restart     exit 1 esac exit 0

User · Answer

If you use Maven  you can use xvfb-maven-plugin to start xvfb before tests  run them using related DISPLAY environment variable  and stop xvfb after all

User · Answer

open a terminal and run this command  xhost    This commands needs to be run every time you restart your machine  If everything works fine may be you can add this to startup commands  Also make sure in your  etc environment file there is a line   export DISPLAY  0 0    And then  run your tests to see if your issue is resolved   All please note the comment from sardathrion below before using this

[python] How do I run Selenium in Xvfb?

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