[c#] A fast way to delete all rows of a datatable at once

That's the easiest way to delete all rows from the table in dbms via DataAdapter. But if you want to do it in one batch, you can set the DataAdapter's UpdateBatchSize to 0(unlimited).

Another way would be to use a simple SqlCommand with CommandText DELETE FROM Table:

using(var con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["con"]))
using(var cmd = new SqlCommand())
{
    cmd.CommandText = "DELETE FROM Table";
    cmd.Connection = con;
    con.Open();
    int numberDeleted = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();  // all rows deleted
}

But if you instead only want to remove the DataRows from the DataTable, you just have to call DataTable.Clear. That would prevent any rows from being deleted in dbms.