Following syntax would work :
....
where x.p_NBR =to_number(substr(y.k_str,11,5))
and x.q_nbr =
(case
when instr(substr(y.m_str,11,9),'_') = 6 then to_number(substr(y.m_str,11,5))
when instr(substr(y.m_str,11,9),'_') = 0 then to_number(substr(y.m_str,11,9))
else
1
end
)