I need to count the number of occurrences of a char in a string using Bash.
In the following example, when the char is (for example) t
, it echo
s the correct number of occurrences of t
in var
, but when the character is comma or semicolon, it prints out zero:
var = "text,text,text,text"
num = `expr match $var [,]`
echo "$num"
You can do it by combining tr
and wc
commands. For example, to count e
in the string referee
echo "referee" | tr -cd 'e' | wc -c
output
4
Explanations: Command tr -cd 'e'
removes all characters other than 'e', and Command wc -c
counts the remaining characters.
Multiple lines of input are also good for this solution, like command cat mytext.txt | tr -cd 'e' | wc -c
can counts e
in the file mytext.txt
, even thought the file may contain many lines.
*** Update ***
To solve the multiple spaces in from of the number (@tom10271), simply append a piped tr command:
tr -d ' '
For example:
echo "referee" | tr -cd 'e' | wc -c | tr -d ' '
awk works well if you your server has it
var="text,text,text,text"
num=$(echo "${var}" | awk -F, '{print NF-1}')
echo "${num}"
also check this out, for example we wanna count t
echo "test" | awk -v RS='t' 'END{print NR-1}'
or in python
python -c 'print "this is for test".count("t")'
or even better, we can make our script dynamic with awk
echo 'test' | awk '{for (i=1 ; i<=NF ; i++) array[$i]++ } END{ for (char in array) print char,array[char]}' FS=""
in this case output is like this :
e 1
s 1
t 2
Building on everyone's great answers and comments, this is the shortest and sweetest version:
grep -o "$needle" <<< "$haystack" | wc -l
I Would suggest the following:
var="any given string"
N=${#var}
G=${var//g/}
G=${#G}
(( G = N - G ))
echo "$G"
No call to any other program
you can for example remove all other chars and count the whats remains, like:
var="text,text,text,text"
res="${var//[^,]}"
echo "$res"
echo "${#res}"
will print
,,,
3
or
tr -dc ',' <<<"$var" | awk '{ print length; }'
or
tr -dc ',' <<<"$var" | wc -c #works, but i don't like wc.. ;)
or
awk -F, '{print NF-1}' <<<"$var"
or
grep -o ',' <<<"$var" | grep -c .
or
perl -nle 'print s/,//g' <<<"$var"
awk is very cool, but why not keep it simple?
num=$(echo $var | grep -o "," | wc -l)
Source: Stackoverflow.com