How to use local docker images with Minikube

Question

I have several docker images that I want to use with minikube  I don t want to first have to upload and then download the same image instead of just using the local image directly  How do I do this  Stuff I tried  1  I tried running these commands  separately  deleting the instances of minikube both times and starting fresh  kubectl run hdfs --image fluxcapacitor hdfs latest --port 8989 kubectl run hdfs --image fluxcapacitor hdfs latest --port 8989 imagePullPolicy Never  Output  NAME                    READY     STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE hdfs-2425930030-q0sdl   0 1       ContainerCreating   0          10m  It just gets stuck on some status but never reaches the ready state  2  I tried creating a registry and then putting images into it but that didn t work either  I might ve done that incorrectly but I can t find proper instructions to do this task  Please provide instructions to use local docker images in local kubernetes instance  OS  ubuntu 16 04 Docker   Docker version 1 13 1  build 092cba3 Kubernetes   Client Version  version Info Major  quot 1 quot   Minor  quot 5 quot   GitVersion  quot v1 5 3 quot   GitCommit  quot 029c3a408176b55c30846f0faedf56aae5992e9b quot   GitTreeState  quot clean quot   BuildDate  quot 2017-02-15T06 40 50Z quot   GoVersion  quot go1 7 4 quot   Compiler  quot gc quot   Platform  quot linux amd64 quot   Server Version  version Info Major  quot 1 quot   Minor  quot 5 quot   GitVersion  quot v1 5 2 quot   GitCommit  quot 08e099554f3c31f6e6f07b448ab3ed78d0520507 quot   GitTreeState  quot clean quot   BuildDate  quot 1970-01-01T00 00 00Z quot   GoVersion  quot go1 7 1 quot   Compiler  quot gc quot   Platform  quot linux amd64 quot    If someone could help me get a solution that uses docker-compose to do this  that d be awesome  Edit  Images loaded in eval   minikube docker-env  REPOSITORY                                            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE fluxcapacitor jupyterhub                              latest              e5175fb26522        4 weeks ago         9 59 GB fluxcapacitor zeppelin                                latest              fe4bc823e57d        4 weeks ago         4 12 GB fluxcapacitor prediction-pmml                         latest              cae5b2d9835b        4 weeks ago         973 MB fluxcapacitor scheduler-airflow                       latest              95adfd56f656        4 weeks ago         8 89 GB fluxcapacitor loadtest                                latest              6a777ab6167c        5 weeks ago         899 MB fluxcapacitor hdfs                                    latest              00fa0ed0064b        6 weeks ago         1 16 GB fluxcapacitor sql-mysql                               latest              804137671a8c        7 weeks ago         679 MB fluxcapacitor metastore-1 2 1                         latest              ea7ce8c5048f        7 weeks ago         1 35 GB fluxcapacitor cassandra                               latest              3cb5ff117283        7 weeks ago         953 MB fluxcapacitor apachespark-worker-2 0 1                latest              14ee3e4e337c        7 weeks ago         3 74 GB fluxcapacitor apachespark-master-2 0 1                latest              fe60b42d54e5        7 weeks ago         3 72 GB fluxcapacitor package-java-openjdk-1 8                latest              1db08965289d        7 weeks ago         841 MB gcr io google containers kubernetes-dashboard-amd64   v1 5 1              1180413103fd        7 weeks ago         104 MB fluxcapacitor stream-kafka-0 10                       latest              f67750239f4d        2 months ago        1 14 GB fluxcapacitor pipeline                                latest              f6afd6c5745b        2 months ago        11 2 GB gcr io google-containers kube-addon-manager           v6 1                59e1315aa5ff        3 months ago        59 4 MB gcr io google containers kubedns-amd64                1 9                 26cf1ed9b144        3 months ago        47 MB gcr io google containers kube-dnsmasq-amd64           1 4                 3ec65756a89b        5 months ago        5 13 MB gcr io google containers exechealthz-amd64            1 2                 93a43bfb39bf        5 months ago        8 37 MB gcr io google containers pause-amd64

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i find this method from ClickHouse Operator Build From Sources and it helps and save my life   docker save altinity clickhouse-operator    eval   minikube docker-env   amp  amp   docker load

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Adding to to  Farhad  s answer based on this answer    This are the steps to setup a local registry   Setup in local machine  Setup hostname in local machine  edit  etc hosts to add this line  docker local 127 0 0 1   Now start a local registry  remove -d to run non-daemon mode     docker run -d -p 5000 5000 --restart always --name registry registry 2   Now tag your image properly   docker tag ubuntu docker local 5000 ubuntu   Now push your image to local registry   docker push docker local 5000 ubuntu   Verify that image is pushed   curl -X GET http   docker local 5000 v2 ubuntu tags list   Setup in minikube  ssh into minikube with  minukube ssh  edit  etc hosts to add this line  docker local  lt your host machine s ip gt    Verify access   curl -X GET http   docker local 5000 v2 ubuntu tags list   Now if you try to pull  yo might get an http access error   Enable insecure access   If you are always planning to use minkube with this local setup then create a minikube to use insecure registry by default  wont work on existing cluster    minikube start --insecure-registry  docker local 5000    else follow below steps   systemctl stop docker   edit the docker serice file  get path from systemctl status docker  it might be         etc systemd system docker service d 10-machine conf  or     usr lib systemd system docker service   append this text  replace 192 168 1 4 with your ip      --insecure-registry docker local 5000 --insecure-registry 192 168 1 4 5000   to this line      ExecStart  usr bin docker daemon -H tcp   0 0 0 0 2376 -H   unix    var run docker sock --tlsverify --tlscacert  etc docker ca pem   --tlscert  etc docker server pem --tlskey  etc docker server-key pem --label provider virtualbox --insecure-registry 10 0 0 0 24   systemctl daemon-reload systemctl start docker   try pulling   docker pull docker local 5000 ubuntu   Now change your yaml file to use local registry      containers      - name  ampl-django       image  dockerhub ubuntu    to      containers      - name  ampl-django       image  docker local 5000 nymbleup    Don t use http in production  make the effort for securing things up

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One approach is to build the image locally and then do   docker save imageNameGoesHere   pv    eval   minikube docker-env   amp  amp  docker load    minikube docker-env might not return the correct info running under a different user   sudo  Instead you can run sudo -u yourUsername minikube docker-env   It should return something like   export DOCKER TLS VERIFY  1  export DOCKER HOST  tcp   192 168 99 100 2376  export DOCKER CERT PATH   home chris  minikube certs  export DOCKER API VERSION  1 23    Run this command to configure your shell    eval   minikube docker-env

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To add to the previous answers  if you have a tarball image  you can simply load it to you local docker set of images docker image load -i  path image tar  Please remember to run it after eval   minikube docker-env   since minikube does not share images with the locally installed docker engine

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For minikube on Docker  Option 1  Using minikube registry  Check your minikube ports docker ps  You will see something like  127 0 0 1 32769- gt 5000 tcp It means that your minikube registry is on 32769 port for external usage  but   internally it s on 5000 port   Build your docker image tagging it  docker build -t 127 0 0 1 32769 hello    Push the image to the minikube registry  docker push 127 0 0 1 32769 hello  Check if it s there  curl http   localhost 32769 v2  catalog  Build some deployment using the internal port  kubectl create deployment hello --image 127 0 0 1 5000 hello   Your image is right now in minikube container  to see it write  eval   minikube -p  lt PROFILE gt  docker-env  docker images  caveat  if using only one profile named  quot minikube quot  then  quot -p  quot  section is redundant  but if using more then don t forget about it  Personally I delete the standard one  minikube  not to make mistakes  Option 2  Not using registry  Switch to minikube container Docker  eval   minikube -p  lt PROFILE gt  docker-env  Build your image  docker build -t hello   Create some deployment  kubectl create deployment hello --image hello  At the end change the deployment ImagePullPolicy from Always to IfNotPresent  kubectl edit deployment hello

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A simpler method that answers the original question  How to use local docker images with Minikube    is to save the image to a tar file and load it into minikube     export the docker image to a tar file docker save --output my-image tar the full path to the docker image the-tag   set local environment variables so that docker commands go to the docker in minikube eval   minikube docker-env    or if on windows   FOR  f  tokens     i IN   minikube docker-env   DO   i   import the docker image from the tar file into minikube docker load --input my-image tar   cleanup - put docker back to normal eval   minikube docker-env -u    or if on windows   FOR  f  tokens     i IN   minikube docker-env -u   DO   i   Then running the image involves a command like the following  Make sure to include the  --image-pull-policy Never  parameter   kubectl run my-image --image the full path to the docker image the-tag --image-pull-policy Never --port 80

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In addition to the accepted answer  you can also achieve what you originally wanted  creating a deployment using the run command  with the following command  kubectl run hdfs --image fluxcapacitor hdfs latest --port 8989 --generator run-pod v1   I found the information about the generator on the Kubernetes-dev forum   If you re using kubectl run  it generates a manifest for you that happens to have imagePullPolicy set to Always by default  You can use this command to get an imagePullPolicy of IfNotPresent  which will work for minikube  kubectl run --image  lt container gt  --generator run-pod v1 Dan Lorenc  https   groups google com forum   topic kubernetes-dev YfvWuFr XOM

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one thing to remember regarding  minikube  is that minikube s host is not the same as your local host  therefore  what i realized  that in order to use local images for testing with minikube you must build your docker image first locally or pull it locally and then add it using the command bellow into the minikube context which is  nothing else as another linux instance   minikube cache add  lt image gt   lt tag gt   yet  don t forget to set the imagePullPolicy  Never in your kubernetes deployment yamls  as it will ensure using locally added images instead of trying pull it remotely from the registry

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There is now a Minikube Registry addon  this is probably the easiest way  Here is how to use it  https   minikube sigs k8s io docs tasks registry insecure   Note that I had DNS issues  might be a bug

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From the kubernetes docs   https   kubernetes io docs concepts containers images  updating-images     The default pull policy is IfNotPresent which causes the Kubelet to skip pulling an image if it already exists  If you would like to always force a pull  you can do one of the following          set the imagePullPolicy of the container to Always    use  latest as the tag for the image to use    enable the AlwaysPullImages admission controller       Or read the other way   Using the  latest tag forces images to always be pulled   If you use the eval   minikube docker-env  as mentioned above  then either don t use any tag  or assign a tag to your local image you can avoid Kubernetes trying to forcibly pull it

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what if you could just run k8s within docker s vm  there s native support for this with the more recent versions of docker desktop    you just need to enable that support   https   www docker com blog kubernetes-is-now-available-in-docker-desktop-stable-channel  https   www docker com blog docker-windows-desktop-now-kubernetes   how i found this out   while reading the docs for helm  they give you a brief tutorial how to install minikube  that tutorial installs minikube in a vm that s different separate from docker   so when it came time to install my helm charts  i couldn t get helm k8s to pull the images i had built using docker  that s how i arrived here at this question   so    if you can live with whatever version of k8s comes with docker desktop  and you can live with it running in whatever vm docker has  then maybe this solution is a bit easier than some of the others   disclaimer  not sure how switching between windows linux containers would impact anything

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One idea would be to save the docker image locally and later load it into minikube as follows   Let say  for example  you already have puckel docker-airflow image    Save that image to local disk -  docker save puckel docker-airflow  gt  puckel docker airflow tar Now enter into minikube docker env -  eval   minikube docker-env  Load that locally saved image -  docker load  lt  puckel docker airflow tar   It is that simple and it works like a charm

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minikube addons enable registry -p minikube    Registry addon on with docker uses 32769 please use that instead of default 5000    For more information see  https   minikube sigs k8s io docs drivers docker docker tag ubuntu   minikube ip -p minikube  32769 ubuntu docker push   minikube ip -p minikube  32769 ubuntu  OR minikube addons enable registry docker tag ubuntu   minikube ip  32769 ubuntu docker push   minikube ip  32769 ubuntu  The above is good enough for development purpose  I am doing this on archlinux

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steps to run local docker images in kubernetes  1  eval   minikube -p minikube docker-env   2  in the artifact file   under spec section -  containers  add     imagePullPolicy  IfNotPresent  or imagePullPolicy  Never  apiVersion   v1  kind  Pod metadata      name  web     labels          name  web         app  demo spec      containers          - name  web           image  web latest           imagePullPolicy  IfNotPresent           ports                - containerPort  5000                 name  http                 protocol  TCP    3  then run kubectl create -f  lt filename gt

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Other answers suppose you use minikube with VM  so your local images are not accessible from minikube VM   In case if you use minikube with --vm-driver none  you can easily reuse local images by setting image pull policy to Never   kubectl run hello-foo --image foo --image-pull-policy Never   or setting imagePullPolicy field for cotainers in corresponding  yaml manifests

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As the README describes  you can reuse the Docker daemon from Minikube with eval   minikube docker-env   So to use an image without uploading it  you can follow these steps   Set the environment variables with eval   minikube docker-env  Build the image with the Docker daemon of Minikube  eg docker build -t my-image    Set the image in the pod spec like the build tag  eg my-image  Set the imagePullPolicy to Never  otherwise Kubernetes will try to download the image   Important note  You have to run eval   minikube docker-env  on each terminal you want to use  since it only sets the environment variables for the current shell session

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This Answer isnt limited to minikube   Use a local registry   docker run -d -p 5000 5000 --restart always --name registry registry 2   Now tag your image properly   docker tag ubuntu localhost 5000 ubuntu   Note that localhost should be changed to dns name of the machine running registry container   Now push your image to local registry   docker push localhost 5000 ubuntu   You should be able to pull it back   docker pull localhost 5000 ubuntu   Now change your yaml file to use local registry   Think about mounting volume at appropriate location to persist the images on registry   update   as Eli stated  you ll need to add the local registry as insecure in order to use http  may not apply when using localhost but does apply if using the local hostname   Don t use http in production  make the effort for securing things up

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If anyone is looking to come back to the local environment after setting the minikube env  use following command    eval   docker-machine env -u

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setup minikube docker-env again build the same docker image  using minikube docker-env  change imagePullPolicy to Never in your deployment   actually what happens here   your Minikube can t recognise your docker daemon as it is independent service You have to first set your minikube-docker environment use below command to check    eval   minikube docker-env     If you run below command it will show where your minikube looks for docker      minikube docker-env export DOCKER TLS VERIFY  1  export DOCKER HOST  tcp   192 168 37 192 2376  export DOCKER CERT PATH   home ubuntu  minikube certs  export MINIKUBE ACTIVE DOCKERD  minikube       To point your shell to minikube s docker-daemon  run      eval   minikube -p minikube docker-env    You have to again build images once you setup minikube docker-env else it will fail

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What worked for me  based on the solution by  svenwltr    Start minikube minikube start    Set docker env eval   minikube docker-env                unix shells minikube docker-env   Invoke-Expression   PowerShell    Build image docker build -t foo 0 0 1      Run in minikube kubectl run hello-foo --image foo 0 0 1 --image-pull-policy Never    Check that it s running kubectl get pods

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There is one essay and effective way to push your local Docker image directly to minikube  which will save time from building the images in minikube again   minikube cache add  lt Image name gt    More details here  All possible method to push images to minikube are mention here  https   minikube sigs k8s io docs handbook pushing

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you can either reuse the docker shell  with eval   minikube docker-env   alternatively  you can leverage on docker save   docker load across the shells

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