Base64 java lang IllegalArgumentException Illegal character

Question

I m trying to send a confirmation email after user registration  I m using the JavaMail library for this purpose and the Java 8 Base64 util class   I m encoding user emails in the following way   byte   encodedEmail   Base64 getUrlEncoder   encode user getEmail   getBytes StandardCharsets UTF 8    Multipart multipart   new MimeMultipart    InternetHeaders headers   new InternetHeaders    headers addHeader  Content-type    text html  charset UTF-8    String confirmLink    Complete your registration by clicking on following     n lt a href      confirmationURL   encodedEmail      gt link lt  a gt    MimeBodyPart link   new MimeBodyPart headers  confirmLink getBytes  UTF-8     multipart addBodyPart link     where confirmationURL is   private final static String confirmationURL    http   localhost 8080 project controller command confirmRegistration amp ID      And then decoding this in ConfirmRegistrationCommand in such way       String encryptedEmail   request getParameter  ID         String decodedEmail   new String Base64 getUrlDecoder   decode encryptedEmail   StandardCharsets UTF 8        RepositoryFactory repositoryFactory   RepositoryFactory              getFactoryByName FactoryType MYSQL REPOSITORY FACTORY       UserRepository userRepository   repositoryFactory getUserRepository        User user   userRepository find decodedEmail        if  user getEmail   equals decodedEmail             user setActiveStatus true           return Path WELCOME PAGE        else           return Path ERROR PAGE          And when I m trying to decode   http   localhost 8080 project controller command confirmRegistration amp ID  B 6499375d   I m getting java lang IllegalArgumentException  Illegal base64 character 5b   I tried to use basic Encode Decoder  not URL ones  with no success   SOLVED   The problem was the next - in the line    String confirmLink    Complete your registration by clicking on following     n lt a href      confirmationURL   encodedEmail      gt link lt  a gt      I m calling toString on an array of bytes  so I should do the following   String encodedEmail   new String Base64 getEncoder   encode                  user getEmail   getBytes StandardCharsets UTF 8       Thanks to Jon Skeet and ByteHamster

User · Accepted Answer

Your encoded text is  B 6499375d  That is not Base64  something went wrong while encoding  That decoding code looks good   Use this code to convert the byte   to a String before adding it to the URL   String encodedEmailString   new String encodedEmail   UTF-8           String confirmLink    Complete your registration by clicking on following          n lt a href      confirmationURL   encodedEmailString      gt link lt  a gt

User · Answer

The Base64 Encoder encodeToString method automatically uses the ISO-8859-1 character set   For an encryption utility I am writing  I took the input string of cipher text and Base64 encoded it for transmission  then reversed the process  Relevant parts shown below   NOTE  My file encoding property is set to ISO-8859-1 upon invocation of the JVM so that may also have a bearing   static String getBase64EncodedCipherText String cipherText        byte   cText   cipherText getBytes           return an ISO-8859-1 encoded String     return Base64 getEncoder   encodeToString cText      static String getBase64DecodedCipherText String encodedCipherText  throws IOException       return new String  Base64 getDecoder   decode encodedCipherText        public static void main String   args        try           String cText   getRawCipherText null   Hello World of Encryption                System out println  Text to encrypt encode  Hello World of Encryption                  This output is a simple sanity check to display that the text            has indeed been converted to a cipher text which             is unreadable by all but the most intelligent of programmers             It is absolutely inhuman of me to do such a thing  but I am a            rebel and cannot be trusted in any way   Please look away          System out println  RAW CIPHER TEXT      cText           cText   getBase64EncodedCipherText cText           System out println  BASE64 ENCODED      cText              There he goes again           System out println  BASE64 DECODED       getBase64DecodedCipherText cText            System out println  DECODED CIPHER TEXT      decodeRawCipherText null  getBase64DecodedCipherText cText           catch  Exception e            e printStackTrace               The output looks like   Text to encrypt encode  Hello World of Encryption    RAW CIPHER TEXT  q   C l   lt 8  U   X 7l BASE64 ENCODED  HnEPJDuhQ qDbInUCzw4gx0VDqtVwef WFs3bA   BASE64 DECODED   q   C l   lt 8  U   X 7l   DECODED CIPHER TEXT  Hello World of Encryption

User · Answer

I encountered this error since my encoded image started with data image png base64 iVBORw0      This answer led me to the solution   String partSeparator        if  data contains partSeparator       String encodedImg   data split partSeparator  1     byte   decodedImg   Base64 getDecoder   decode encodedImg getBytes StandardCharsets UTF 8      Path destinationFile   Paths get   path to imageDir    myImage jpg      Files write destinationFile  decodedImg

User · Answer

Just use the below code to resolve this   JsonObject obj   Json createReader new ByteArrayInputStream Base64 getDecoder   decode accessToken split        1                           replace  -        replace              readObject      In the above code replace  -        replace           did the job  For more details see the https   jwt io js jwt js  I understood the problem from the part of the code got from that link   function url base64 decode str      var output   str replace  - g       replace    g          switch  output length   4        case 0        break      case 2        output                break      case 3        output               break      default        throw  Illegal base64url string          var result   window atob output     polifyll https   github com davidchambers Base64 js   try      return decodeURIComponent escape result        catch  err        return result

User · Answer

I got this error for my Linux Jenkins slave  I fixed it by changing from the node from  Known hosts file Verification Strategy  to  Non verifying Verification Strategy

[java] Base64: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Illegal character

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