How do I create a self-signed certificate for code signing using tools from the Windows SDK?
This question is related to
security
code-signing
If you are using the following Windows versions or later: Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2012 R2, or Windows 8.1 then MakeCert is now deprecated, and Microsoft recommends using the PowerShell Cmdlet New-SelfSignedCertificate.
If you're using an older version such as Windows 7, you'll need to stick with MakeCert or another solution. Some people suggest the Public Key Infrastructure Powershell (PSPKI) Module.
While you can create a self-signed code-signing certificate (SPC - Software Publisher Certificate) in one go, I prefer to do the following:
makecert -r -pe -n "CN=My CA" -ss CA -sr CurrentUser ^
-a sha256 -cy authority -sky signature -sv MyCA.pvk MyCA.cer
(^ = allow batch command-line to wrap line)
This creates a self-signed (-r) certificate, with an exportable private key (-pe). It's named "My CA", and should be put in the CA store for the current user. We're using the SHA-256 algorithm. The key is meant for signing (-sky).
The private key should be stored in the MyCA.pvk file, and the certificate in the MyCA.cer file.
Because there's no point in having a CA certificate if you don't trust it, you'll need to import it into the Windows certificate store. You can use the Certificates MMC snapin, but from the command line:
certutil -user -addstore Root MyCA.cer
makecert -pe -n "CN=My SPC" -a sha256 -cy end ^
-sky signature ^
-ic MyCA.cer -iv MyCA.pvk ^
-sv MySPC.pvk MySPC.cer
It is pretty much the same as above, but we're providing an issuer key and certificate (the -ic and -iv switches).
We'll also want to convert the certificate and key into a PFX file:
pvk2pfx -pvk MySPC.pvk -spc MySPC.cer -pfx MySPC.pfx
If you want to protect the PFX file, add the -po switch, otherwise PVK2PFX creates a PFX file with no passphrase.
signtool sign /v /f MySPC.pfx ^
/t http://timestamp.url MyExecutable.exe
(See why timestamps may matter)
If you import the PFX file into the certificate store (you can use PVKIMPRT or the MMC snapin), you can sign code as follows:
signtool sign /v /n "Me" /s SPC ^
/t http://timestamp.url MyExecutable.exe
Some possible timestamp URLs for signtool /t are:
http://timestamp.verisign.com/scripts/timstamp.dllhttp://timestamp.globalsign.com/scripts/timstamp.dllhttp://timestamp.comodoca.com/authenticodeFor those who are not .NET developers, you will need a copy of the Windows SDK and .NET framework. A current link is available here: SDK & .NET (which installs makecert in C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1). Your mileage may vary.
MakeCert is available from the Visual Studio Command Prompt. Visual Studio 2015 does have it, and it can be launched from the Start Menu in Windows 7 under "Developer Command Prompt for VS 2015" or "VS2015 x64 Native Tools Command Prompt" (probably all of them in the same folder).
As stated in the answer, in order to use a non deprecated way to sign your own script, one should use New-SelfSignedCertificate.
New-SelfSignedCertificate -DnsName [email protected] -Type CodeSigning -CertStoreLocation cert:\CurrentUser\My
Export-Certificate -Cert (Get-ChildItem Cert:\CurrentUser\My -CodeSigningCert)[0] -FilePath code_signing.crt
The [0] will make this work for cases when you have more than one certificate... Obviously make the index match the certificate you want to use... or use a way to filtrate (by thumprint or issuer).
Import-Certificate -FilePath .\code_signing.crt -Cert Cert:\CurrentUser\TrustedPublisher
Import-Certificate -FilePath .\code_signing.crt -Cert Cert:\CurrentUser\Root
Set-AuthenticodeSignature .\script.ps1 -Certificate (Get-ChildItem Cert:\CurrentUser\My -CodeSigningCert)
Obviously once you have setup the key, you can simply sign any other scripts with it.
You can get more detailed information and some troubleshooting help in this article.
As stated in the answer, in order to use a non deprecated way to sign your own script, one should use New-SelfSignedCertificate.
New-SelfSignedCertificate -DnsName [email protected] -Type CodeSigning -CertStoreLocation cert:\CurrentUser\My
Export-Certificate -Cert (Get-ChildItem Cert:\CurrentUser\My -CodeSigningCert)[0] -FilePath code_signing.crt
The [0] will make this work for cases when you have more than one certificate... Obviously make the index match the certificate you want to use... or use a way to filtrate (by thumprint or issuer).
Import-Certificate -FilePath .\code_signing.crt -Cert Cert:\CurrentUser\TrustedPublisher
Import-Certificate -FilePath .\code_signing.crt -Cert Cert:\CurrentUser\Root
Set-AuthenticodeSignature .\script.ps1 -Certificate (Get-ChildItem Cert:\CurrentUser\My -CodeSigningCert)
Obviously once you have setup the key, you can simply sign any other scripts with it.
You can get more detailed information and some troubleshooting help in this article.
It's fairly easy using the New-SelfSignedCertificate command in Powershell. Open powershell and run these 3 commands.
1) Create certificate:
$cert = New-SelfSignedCertificate -DnsName www.yourwebsite.com -Type CodeSigning -CertStoreLocation Cert:\CurrentUser\My2) set the password for it:
$CertPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString -String "my_passowrd" -Force –AsPlainText3) Export it:
Export-PfxCertificate -Cert "cert:\CurrentUser\My\$($cert.Thumbprint)" -FilePath "d:\selfsigncert.pfx" -Password $CertPassword
Your certificate selfsigncert.pfx will be located @ D:/
Optional step: You would also require to add certificate password to system environment variables. do so by entering below in cmd: setx CSC_KEY_PASSWORD "my_password"
It's fairly easy using the New-SelfSignedCertificate command in Powershell. Open powershell and run these 3 commands.
1) Create certificate:
$cert = New-SelfSignedCertificate -DnsName www.yourwebsite.com -Type CodeSigning -CertStoreLocation Cert:\CurrentUser\My2) set the password for it:
$CertPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString -String "my_passowrd" -Force –AsPlainText3) Export it:
Export-PfxCertificate -Cert "cert:\CurrentUser\My\$($cert.Thumbprint)" -FilePath "d:\selfsigncert.pfx" -Password $CertPassword
Your certificate selfsigncert.pfx will be located @ D:/
Optional step: You would also require to add certificate password to system environment variables. do so by entering below in cmd: setx CSC_KEY_PASSWORD "my_password"
Roger's answer was very helpful.
I had a little trouble using it, though, and kept getting the red "Windows can't verify the publisher of this driver software" error dialog. The key was to install the test root certificate with
certutil -addstore Root Demo_CA.cer
which Roger's answer didn't quite cover.
Here is a batch file that worked for me (with my .inf file, not included). It shows how to do it all from start to finish, with no GUI tools at all (except for a few password prompts).
REM Demo of signing a printer driver with a self-signed test certificate.
REM Run as administrator (else devcon won't be able to try installing the driver)
REM Use a single 'x' as the password for all certificates for simplicity.
PATH %PATH%;"c:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1\Bin";"c:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0\Bin";c:\WinDDK\7600.16385.1\bin\selfsign;c:\WinDDK\7600.16385.1\Tools\devcon\amd64
makecert -r -pe -n "CN=Demo_CA" -ss CA -sr CurrentUser ^
-a sha256 -cy authority -sky signature ^
-sv Demo_CA.pvk Demo_CA.cer
makecert -pe -n "CN=Demo_SPC" -a sha256 -cy end ^
-sky signature ^
-ic Demo_CA.cer -iv Demo_CA.pvk ^
-sv Demo_SPC.pvk Demo_SPC.cer
pvk2pfx -pvk Demo_SPC.pvk -spc Demo_SPC.cer ^
-pfx Demo_SPC.pfx ^
-po x
inf2cat /drv:driver /os:XP_X86,Vista_X64,Vista_X86,7_X64,7_X86 /v
signtool sign /d "description" /du "www.yoyodyne.com" ^
/f Demo_SPC.pfx ^
/p x ^
/v driver\demoprinter.cat
certutil -addstore Root Demo_CA.cer
rem Needs administrator. If this command works, the driver is properly signed.
devcon install driver\demoprinter.inf LPTENUM\Yoyodyne_IndustriesDemoPrinter_F84F
rem Now uninstall the test driver and certificate.
devcon remove driver\demoprinter.inf LPTENUM\Yoyodyne_IndustriesDemoPrinter_F84F
certutil -delstore Root Demo_CA
Roger's answer was very helpful.
I had a little trouble using it, though, and kept getting the red "Windows can't verify the publisher of this driver software" error dialog. The key was to install the test root certificate with
certutil -addstore Root Demo_CA.cer
which Roger's answer didn't quite cover.
Here is a batch file that worked for me (with my .inf file, not included). It shows how to do it all from start to finish, with no GUI tools at all (except for a few password prompts).
REM Demo of signing a printer driver with a self-signed test certificate.
REM Run as administrator (else devcon won't be able to try installing the driver)
REM Use a single 'x' as the password for all certificates for simplicity.
PATH %PATH%;"c:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1\Bin";"c:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0\Bin";c:\WinDDK\7600.16385.1\bin\selfsign;c:\WinDDK\7600.16385.1\Tools\devcon\amd64
makecert -r -pe -n "CN=Demo_CA" -ss CA -sr CurrentUser ^
-a sha256 -cy authority -sky signature ^
-sv Demo_CA.pvk Demo_CA.cer
makecert -pe -n "CN=Demo_SPC" -a sha256 -cy end ^
-sky signature ^
-ic Demo_CA.cer -iv Demo_CA.pvk ^
-sv Demo_SPC.pvk Demo_SPC.cer
pvk2pfx -pvk Demo_SPC.pvk -spc Demo_SPC.cer ^
-pfx Demo_SPC.pfx ^
-po x
inf2cat /drv:driver /os:XP_X86,Vista_X64,Vista_X86,7_X64,7_X86 /v
signtool sign /d "description" /du "www.yoyodyne.com" ^
/f Demo_SPC.pfx ^
/p x ^
/v driver\demoprinter.cat
certutil -addstore Root Demo_CA.cer
rem Needs administrator. If this command works, the driver is properly signed.
devcon install driver\demoprinter.inf LPTENUM\Yoyodyne_IndustriesDemoPrinter_F84F
rem Now uninstall the test driver and certificate.
devcon remove driver\demoprinter.inf LPTENUM\Yoyodyne_IndustriesDemoPrinter_F84F
certutil -delstore Root Demo_CA
As of PowerShell 4.0 (Windows 8.1/Server 2012 R2) it is possible to make a certificate in Windows without makecert.exe.
The commands you need are New-SelfSignedCertificate and Export-PfxCertificate.
Instructions are in Creating Self Signed Certificates with PowerShell.
As of PowerShell 4.0 (Windows 8.1/Server 2012 R2) it is possible to make a certificate in Windows without makecert.exe.
The commands you need are New-SelfSignedCertificate and Export-PfxCertificate.
Instructions are in Creating Self Signed Certificates with PowerShell.
Source: Stackoverflow.com