How do I syntax check a Bash script without running it

Question

Is it possible to check a bash script syntax without executing it   Using Perl  I can run perl -c  script name   Is there any equivalent command for bash scripts

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There is BashSupport plugin for IntelliJ IDEA which checks the syntax

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bash -n scriptname   Perhaps an obvious caveat  this validates syntax but won t check if your bash script tries to execute a command that isn t in your path  like ech hello instead of echo hello

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If you need in a variable the validity of all the files in a directory  git pre-commit hook  build lint script   you can catch the stderr output of the  sh -n  or  bash -n  commands  see other answers  in a variable  and have a  if else  based on that  bashErrLines   find bin  -type f -name    sh  -exec sh -n        2 gt  amp 1  gt   dev null    if     bashErrLines           then       at least one sh file in the bin dir has a syntax error    echo  bashErrLines      exit     fi   Change  sh  with  bash  depending on your needs

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bash -n scriptname   Perhaps an obvious caveat  this validates syntax but won t check if your bash script tries to execute a command that isn t in your path  like ech hello instead of echo hello

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null command  colon  also useful when debugging to see variable s value  set -x for i in  1  10   do     let i i 1       i  i done set -

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Time changes everything  Here is a web site which provide online syntax checking for shell script   I found it is very powerful detecting common errors     About ShellCheck  ShellCheck is a static analysis and linting tool for sh bash scripts  It s mainly focused on handling typical beginner and intermediate level syntax errors and pitfalls where the shell just gives a cryptic error message or strange behavior  but it also reports on a few more advanced issues where corner cases can cause delayed failures   Haskell source code is available on GitHub

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null command  colon  also useful when debugging to see variable s value  set -x for i in  1  10   do     let i i 1       i  i done set -

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sh  -n   script-name    Run this  If there are any syntax errors in the script  then it returns the same error message  If there are no errors  then it comes out without giving any message  You can check immediately by using echo     which will return 0 confirming successful without any mistake   It worked for me well  I ran on Linux OS  Bash Shell

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bash -n scriptname   Perhaps an obvious caveat  this validates syntax but won t check if your bash script tries to execute a command that isn t in your path  like ech hello instead of echo hello

User · Answer

Time changes everything  Here is a web site which provide online syntax checking for shell script   I found it is very powerful detecting common errors     About ShellCheck  ShellCheck is a static analysis and linting tool for sh bash scripts  It s mainly focused on handling typical beginner and intermediate level syntax errors and pitfalls where the shell just gives a cryptic error message or strange behavior  but it also reports on a few more advanced issues where corner cases can cause delayed failures   Haskell source code is available on GitHub

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For only validating syntax   shellcheck  programPath   For running the program only if syntax passes  so debugging both syntax and execution   shellproof  programPath

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For only validating syntax   shellcheck  programPath   For running the program only if syntax passes  so debugging both syntax and execution   shellproof  programPath

User · Answer

sh  -n   script-name    Run this  If there are any syntax errors in the script  then it returns the same error message  If there are no errors  then it comes out without giving any message  You can check immediately by using echo     which will return 0 confirming successful without any mistake   It worked for me well  I ran on Linux OS  Bash Shell

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I also enable the  u  option on every bash script I write in order to do some extra checking   set -u    This will report the usage of uninitialized variables  like in the following script  check init sh      bin sh set -u message hello echo  mesage   Running the script      check init sh   Will report the following         check init sh 4   mesage  Parameter not set    Very useful to catch typos

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I also enable the  u  option on every bash script I write in order to do some extra checking   set -u    This will report the usage of uninitialized variables  like in the following script  check init sh      bin sh set -u message hello echo  mesage   Running the script      check init sh   Will report the following         check init sh 4   mesage  Parameter not set    Very useful to catch typos

User · Answer

There is BashSupport plugin for IntelliJ IDEA which checks the syntax

User · Answer

If you need in a variable the validity of all the files in a directory  git pre-commit hook  build lint script   you can catch the stderr output of the  sh -n  or  bash -n  commands  see other answers  in a variable  and have a  if else  based on that  bashErrLines   find bin  -type f -name    sh  -exec sh -n        2 gt  amp 1  gt   dev null    if     bashErrLines           then       at least one sh file in the bin dir has a syntax error    echo  bashErrLines      exit     fi   Change  sh  with  bash  depending on your needs

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I actually check all bash scripts in current dir for syntax errors WITHOUT running them using find tool   Example   find   -name    sh  -exec bash -n        If you want to use it for a single file  just edit the wildcard with the name of the file

User · Answer

bash -n scriptname   Perhaps an obvious caveat  this validates syntax but won t check if your bash script tries to execute a command that isn t in your path  like ech hello instead of echo hello

User · Answer

I actually check all bash scripts in current dir for syntax errors WITHOUT running them using find tool   Example   find   -name    sh  -exec bash -n        If you want to use it for a single file  just edit the wildcard with the name of the file

[linux] How do I syntax check a Bash script without running it?

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