Viewing all defined variables

Question

I m currently working on a computation in python shell  What I want to have is Matlab style listout where you can see all the variables that have been defined up to a point  so I know which names I ve used  their values and such    Is there a way  and how can I do that

User · Answer

globals    locals    vars    and dir   may all help you in what you want

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print locals    edit continued from comment   To make it look a little prettier when printing   import sys  pprint sys displayhook   pprint pprint locals     That should give you a more vertical printout

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If possible  you may want to use IPython   To get a list of all current user-defined variables  IPython provides a magic command named who  magics must be prefixed with the modulo character unless the automagic feature is enabled    In  1   foo    bar  In  2    who foo   You can use the whos magic to get more detail   In  3    whos Variable   Type    Data Info ---------------------------- foo        str     bar   There are a wealth of other magics available  IPython is basically the Python interpreter on steroids  One convenient magic is store  which lets you save variables between sessions  using pickle    Note  I am not associated with IPython Dev - just a satisfied user   Edit   You can find all the magic commands in the IPython Documentation   This article also has a helpful section on the use of magic commands in Jupyter Notebook

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a bit more smart  python 3  way   def printvars        tmp   globals   copy       print k         v   type     type v   for k v in tmp items   if not k startswith      and k   tmp  and k   In  and k   Out  and not hasattr v     call

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As RedBlueThing and analog said    dir   gives a list of in scope variables globals   gives a dictionary of global variables locals   gives a dictionary of local variables   Using the interactive shell  version 2 6 9   after creating variables a   1 and b   2  running dir   gives      builtins        doc        name        package      a    b     running locals   gives    a   1   b   2     builtins      lt module    builtin     built-in  gt      package     None     name        main        doc     None    Running globals   gives exactly the same answer as locals   in this case   I haven t gotten into any modules  so all the variables are available as both local and global variables   locals   and globals   list the values of the variables as well as the names  dir   only lists the names   If I import a module and run locals   or globals   inside the module  dir   still gives only a small number of variables  it adds   file   to the variables listed above  locals   and globals   also list the same variables  but in the process of printing out the dictionary value for   builtin    it lists a far larger number of variables  built-in functions  exceptions  and types such as   type    lt type  type  gt    rather than just the brief  lt module    builtin     built-in  gt  as shown above   For more about dir   see Python 2 7 quick reference at New Mexico Tech or the dir   function at ibiblio org   For more about locals   and globals   see locals and globals at Dive Into Python and a page about globals at New Mexico Tech    Comment    Kurt   You gave a link to enumerate-or-list-all-variables-in-a-program-of-your-favorite-language-here but that answer has a mistake in it  The problem there is   type name  in that example will always return  lt type  str  gt   You do get a list of the variables  which answers the question  but with incorrect types listed beside them   This was not obvious in your example because all the variables happened to be strings anyway  however  what it s returning is the type of the name of the variable instead of the type of the variable   To fix this  instead of print type name  use print eval  type     name         I apologize for posting a comment in the answer section but I don t have comment posting privileges  and the other question is closed

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This has to be defined in the interactive shell   def MyWho        print  v for v in globals   keys   if not v startswith         Then the following code can be used as an example    gt  gt  gt  import os  gt  gt  gt  import sys  gt  gt  gt  a   10   gt  gt  gt  MyWho     a    MyWho    sys    os

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In my Python 2 7 interpreter  the same whos command that exists in MATLAB exists in Python  It shows the same details as the MATLAB analog  variable name  type  and value data   Note that in the Python interpreter  whos lists all variables in the  quot interactive namespace quot

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keep in mind dir   will return all current imports  AND variables   if you just want your variables  I would suggest a naming scheme that is easy to extract from dir  such as varScore  varNames  etc   that way  you can simply do this   for vars in dir     if vars startswith  var       print vars   Edit  if you want to list all variables  but exclude imported modules and variables such as     builtins     you can use something like so   import os import re  x   11 imports    os   re   for vars in dir        if vars startswith          0 and vars not in imports          print vars   as you can see  it will show the variable  imports  though  because it is a variable  well  a tuple   A quick workaround is to add the word  imports  into the imports tuple itself

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To get the names   for name in vars   keys      print name    To get the values   for value in vars   values      print value    vars   also takes an optional argument to find out which vars are defined within an object itself

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A few things you could use    dir   will give you the list of in scope variables  globals   will give  you a dictionary of global variables locals   will give you a dictionary of local variables

[python] Viewing all defined variables

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