Another bash variant
$ cat file
XXXX col1 col2 col3
row1 0 1 2
row2 3 4 5
row3 6 7 8
row4 9 10 11
Script
#!/bin/bash
I=0
while read line; do
i=0
for item in $line; { printf -v A$I[$i] $item; ((i++)); }
((I++))
done < file
indexes=$(seq 0 $i)
for i in $indexes; {
J=0
while ((J<I)); do
arr="A$J[$i]"
printf "${!arr}\t"
((J++))
done
echo
}
Output
$ ./test
XXXX row1 row2 row3 row4
col1 0 3 6 9
col2 1 4 7 10
col3 2 5 8 11