Is it possible, using Python, to merge separate PDF files?
Assuming so, I need to extend this a little further. I am hoping to loop through folders in a directory and repeat this procedure.
And I may be pushing my luck, but is it possible to exclude a page that is contained in of the PDFs (my report generation always creates an extra blank page).
I used pdf unite on the linux terminal by leveraging subprocess (assumes one.pdf and two.pdf exist on the directory) and the aim is to merge them to three.pdf
import subprocess
subprocess.call(['pdfunite one.pdf two.pdf three.pdf'],shell=True)
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger
import webbrowser
import os
dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
def list_files(directory, extension):
return (f for f in os.listdir(directory) if f.endswith('.' + extension))
pdfs = list_files(dir_path, "pdf")
merger = PdfFileMerger()
for pdf in pdfs:
merger.append(open(pdf, 'rb'))
with open('result.pdf', 'wb') as fout:
merger.write(fout)
webbrowser.open_new('file://'+ dir_path + '/result.pdf')
Git Repo: https://github.com/mahaguru24/Python_Merge_PDF.git
Is it possible, using Python, to merge seperate PDF files?
Yes.
The following example merges all files in one folder to a single new PDF file:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from argparse import ArgumentParser
from glob import glob
from pyPdf import PdfFileReader, PdfFileWriter
import os
def merge(path, output_filename):
output = PdfFileWriter()
for pdffile in glob(path + os.sep + '*.pdf'):
if pdffile == output_filename:
continue
print("Parse '%s'" % pdffile)
document = PdfFileReader(open(pdffile, 'rb'))
for i in range(document.getNumPages()):
output.addPage(document.getPage(i))
print("Start writing '%s'" % output_filename)
with open(output_filename, "wb") as f:
output.write(f)
if __name__ == "__main__":
parser = ArgumentParser()
# Add more options if you like
parser.add_argument("-o", "--output",
dest="output_filename",
default="merged.pdf",
help="write merged PDF to FILE",
metavar="FILE")
parser.add_argument("-p", "--path",
dest="path",
default=".",
help="path of source PDF files")
args = parser.parse_args()
merge(args.path, args.output_filename)
here, http://pieceofpy.com/2009/03/05/concatenating-pdf-with-python/, gives an solution.
similarly:
from pyPdf import PdfFileWriter, PdfFileReader
def append_pdf(input,output):
[output.addPage(input.getPage(page_num)) for page_num in range(input.numPages)]
output = PdfFileWriter()
append_pdf(PdfFileReader(file("C:\\sample.pdf","rb")),output)
append_pdf(PdfFileReader(file("c:\\sample1.pdf","rb")),output)
append_pdf(PdfFileReader(file("c:\\sample2.pdf","rb")),output)
append_pdf(PdfFileReader(file("c:\\sample3.pdf","rb")),output)
output.write(file("c:\\combined.pdf","wb"))
The pdfrw
library can do this quite easily, assuming you don't need to preserve bookmarks and annotations, and your PDFs aren't encrypted. cat.py
is an example concatenation script, and subset.py
is an example page subsetting script.
The relevant part of the concatenation script -- assumes inputs
is a list of input filenames, and outfn
is an output file name:
from pdfrw import PdfReader, PdfWriter
writer = PdfWriter()
for inpfn in inputs:
writer.addpages(PdfReader(inpfn).pages)
writer.write(outfn)
As you can see from this, it would be pretty easy to leave out the last page, e.g. something like:
writer.addpages(PdfReader(inpfn).pages[:-1])
Disclaimer: I am the primary pdfrw
author.
A slight variation using a dictionary for greater flexibility (e.g. sort, dedup):
import os
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger
# use dict to sort by filepath or filename
file_dict = {}
for subdir, dirs, files in os.walk("<dir>"):
for file in files:
filepath = subdir + os.sep + file
# you can have multiple endswith
if filepath.endswith((".pdf", ".PDF")):
file_dict[file] = filepath
# use strict = False to ignore PdfReadError: Illegal character error
merger = PdfFileMerger(strict=False)
for k, v in file_dict.items():
print(k, v)
merger.append(v)
merger.write("combined_result.pdf")
You can use PyPdf2s PdfMerger
class.
File Concatenation
You can simply concatenate files by using the append
method.
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger
pdfs = ['file1.pdf', 'file2.pdf', 'file3.pdf', 'file4.pdf']
merger = PdfFileMerger()
for pdf in pdfs:
merger.append(pdf)
merger.write("result.pdf")
merger.close()
You can pass file handles instead file paths if you want.
File Merging
If you want more fine grained control of merging there is a merge
method of the PdfMerger
, which allows you to specify an insertion point in the output file, meaning you can insert the pages anywhere in the file. The append
method can be thought of as a merge
where the insertion point is the end of the file.
e.g.
merger.merge(2, pdf)
Here we insert the whole pdf into the output but at page 2.
Page Ranges
If you wish to control which pages are appended from a particular file, you can use the pages
keyword argument of append
and merge
, passing a tuple in the form (start, stop[, step])
(like the regular range
function).
e.g.
merger.append(pdf, pages=(0, 3)) # first 3 pages
merger.append(pdf, pages=(0, 6, 2)) # pages 1,3, 5
If you specify an invalid range you will get an IndexError
.
Note: also that to avoid files being left open, the PdfFileMerger
s close method should be called when the merged file has been written. This ensures all files are closed (input and output) in a timely manner. It's a shame that PdfFileMerger
isn't implemented as a context manager, so we can use the with
keyword, avoid the explicit close call and get some easy exception safety.
You might also want to look at the pdfcat
script provided as part of pypdf2. You can potentially avoid the need to write code altogether.
The PyPdf2 github also includes some example code demonstrating merging.
Put the pdf files in a dir. Launch the program. You get one pdf with all the pdfs merged.
import os
from PyPDF2 import PdfFileMerger
x = [a for a in os.listdir() if a.endswith(".pdf")]
merger = PdfFileMerger()
for pdf in x:
merger.append(open(pdf, 'rb'))
with open("result.pdf", "wb") as fout:
merger.write(fout)
Source: Stackoverflow.com