Detect Browser Language in PHP

Question

I use the following PHP script as index for my website   This script should include a specific page depending on the browser s language  automatically detected    This script does not work well with all browsers  so it always includes index en php for any detected language  the cause of the problem is most probably an issue with some Accept-Language header not being considered    Could you please suggest me a more robust solution    lt  php    Open session var session start       views  1   first visit   gt 1   second visit     Detect language from user agent browser function lixlpixel get env var  Var         if empty  GLOBALS  Var                     GLOBALS  Var    empty  GLOBALS   SERVER    Var               GLOBALS   SERVER    Var      empty  GLOBALS  HTTP SERVER VARS    Var       GLOBALS  HTTP SERVER VARS    Var                function lixlpixel detect lang             Detect HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE  amp  HTTP USER AGENT       lixlpixel get env var  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE         lixlpixel get env var  HTTP USER AGENT            AL strtolower  GLOBALS  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE            UA strtolower  GLOBALS  HTTP USER AGENT              Try to detect Primary language if several languages are accepted       foreach  GLOBALS   LANG   as  K                  if strpos   AL   K    0           return  K                  Try to detect any language if not yet detected       foreach  GLOBALS   LANG   as  K                  if strpos   AL   K    false           return  K              foreach  GLOBALS   LANG   as  K                    if preg match          K     -       UA      matching other letters  create an error for seo spyder           return  K                  Return default language if language is not yet detected       return  GLOBALS   DLANG          Define default language   GLOBALS   DLANG    en       Define all available languages     WARNING  uncomment all available languages   GLOBALS   LANG     array   af      afrikaans   ar      arabic   bg      bulgarian   ca      catalan   cs      czech   da      danish   de      german   el      greek   en      english   es      spanish   et      estonian   fi      finnish   fr      french   gl      galician   he      hebrew   hi      hindi   hr      croatian   hu      hungarian   id      indonesian   it      italian   ja      japanese   ko      korean   ka      georgian   lt      lithuanian   lv      latvian   ms      malay   nl      dutch   no      norwegian   pl      polish   pt      portuguese   ro      romanian   ru      russian   sk      slovak   sl      slovenian   sq      albanian   sr      serbian   sv      swedish   th      thai   tr      turkish   uk      ukrainian   zh     chinese         Redirect to the correct location     Example Implementation aff var lang to name file    echo  The Language detected is    lixlpixel detect lang       For Demonstration echo   lt br   gt            lang var   lixlpixel detect lang      insert lang var system in a new var for conditional statement    echo   lt br   gt         echo  lang var     print var for trace  echo   lt br   gt              Insert the right page iacoording with the language in the browser switch   lang var       case  fr             echo  PAGE DE           include  index fr php     include check session DE         break      case  it             echo  PAGE IT           include  index it php            break      case  en             echo  PAGE EN           include  index en php            break              default            echo  PAGE EN - Setting Default           include  index en php     include EN in all other cases of different lang detection         break      gt

User · Answer

The official way to handle this is using the PECL HTTP library. Unlike some answers here, this correctly handles the language priorities (q-values), partial language matches and will return the closest match, or when there are no matches it falls back to the first language in your array.

PECL HTTP:
http://pecl.php.net/package/pecl_http

How to use:
http://php.net/manual/fa/function.http-negotiate-language.php

$supportedLanguages = [
    'en-US', // first one is the default/fallback
    'fr',
    'fr-FR',
    'de',
    'de-DE',
    'de-AT',
    'de-CH',
];

// Returns the negotiated language 
// or the default language (i.e. first array entry) if none match.
$language = http_negotiate_language($supportedLanguages, $result);

User · Answer

why dont you keep it simple and clean   lt  php      lang   substr   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE    0  2        acceptLang     fr    it    en          lang   in array  lang   acceptLang     lang    en       require once  index   lang  php       gt

User · Answer

I think the cleanest way is this     lt  php    lang   substr   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE    0  2      supportedLanguages   en   fr   gr      if  in array  lang  supportedLanguages          lang  en           require  index    lang   php

User · Answer

The problem with the selected answer above is that the user may have their first choice set as a language that s not in the case structure  but one of their other language choices are set  You should loop until you find a match   This is a super simple solution that works better   Browsers return the languages in order of preference  so that simplifies the problem  While the language designator can be more than two characters  e g  -  EN-US    typically the first two are sufficient   In the following code example I m looking for a match from a list of known languages my program is aware of    known langs   array  en   fr   de   es     user pref langs   explode        SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE      foreach  user pref langs as  idx   gt   lang         lang   substr  lang  0  2       if  in array  lang   known langs             echo  Preferred language is  lang           break            I hope you find this a quick and simple solution that you can easily use in your code   I ve been using this in production for quite a while

User · Answer

There is a method in php-intl extension   locale accept from http   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE

User · Answer

Quick and simple    language   trim substr  strtok strtok   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE                0  5      NOTE  The first language code is what is being used by the browser  the rest are other languages the user has setup in the browser   Some languages have a region code  eg  en-GB  others just have the language code  eg  sk   If you just want the language and not the region  eg  en  fr  es  etc    you can use    language  substr   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE    0  2

User · Answer

The existing answers are a little too verbose so I created this smaller  auto-matching version   function prefered language array  available languages   http accept language          available languages   array flip  available languages         langs      preg match all      w-          d     d          strtolower  http accept language    matches  PREG SET ORDER       foreach  matches as  match             list  a   b    explode  -    match 1     array                   value   isset  match 2      float   match 2    1 0           if isset  available languages  match 1                    langs  match 1      value              continue                     if isset  available languages  a                   langs  a     value - 0 1                       arsort  langs        return  langs      And the sample usage       SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE      en-us en q 0 8 es-cl q 0 5 zh-cn q 0 3       Languages we support  available languages   array  en    zh-cn    es      langs   prefered language  available languages    SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE         Result Array        en    gt  0 8      es    gt  0 4      zh-cn    gt  0 3       Full gist source here

User · Answer

The following script is a modified version of Xeoncross s code  thank you for that Xeoncross  that falls-back to a default language setting if no languages match the supported ones  or if a match is found it replaces the default language setting with a new one according to the language priority   In this scenario the user s browser is set in order of priority to Spanish  Dutch  US English and English and the application supports English and Dutch only with no regional variations and English is the default language  The order of the values in the  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE  string is not important if for some reason the browser does not order the values correctly    supported languages   array  en   nl     supported languages   array flip  supported languages   var dump  supported languages      array 2      en    gt  int 0    nl    gt  int 1      http accept language     SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE       es nl q 0 8 en-us q 0 5 en q 0 3  preg match all      w-          d     d          strtolower  http accept language    matches  PREG SET ORDER     available languages   array     foreach   matches as  match        list  language code  language region    explode  -    match 1     array                priority   isset  match 2      float   match 2    1 0        available languages    language code     priority     var dump  available languages       array 4         0   gt      array 1              es    gt          float 1             1   gt      array 1              nl    gt          float 0 8             2   gt      array 1              en    gt          float 0 5             3   gt      array 1              en    gt          float 0 3               default priority    float  0   default language code    en    foreach   available languages as  key   gt   value         language code   key  value        priority    value  language code        if   priority  gt   default priority  amp  amp  array key exists  language code  supported languages                  default priority    priority           default language code    language code           var dump  default priority      float 0 8          var dump  default language code      string 2   nl           var dump  default language code      string 2   nl

User · Answer

All of the above with fallback to  en     lang   substr explode       SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE    0  0 2    en        or with default language fallback and known language array   function lang   l     en     u        return  l          array keys               l              substr                  explode                                                u      SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE                     0                   0                  2                         0            l 0       One Line   function lang  l   en    u  return  l array keys  l substr explode      u    SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE    0  0 2   0     l 0      Examples      first known lang is always default   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE      en-us   lang   de         de  lang   de   en         en      manual set accept-language lang   de    en-us        de  lang   de    de-de  en-us        de  lang   en   fr    de-de  en-us        en  lang   en   fr    fr-fr  en-us        fr  lang   de   en    fr-fr  en-us        de

User · Answer

Try    lang   substr   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE    0 2    if   lang     tr     include once  include language tr php     elseif   lang     en     include once  include language en php     elseif   lang     de     include once  include language de php     elseif   lang     fr     include once  include language fr php     else  include once  include language tr php        Thanks to

User · Answer

Accept-Language is a list of weighted values  see q parameter   That means just looking at the first language does not mean it   s also the most preferred  in fact  a q value of 0 means not acceptable at all   So instead of just looking at the first language  parse the list of accepted languages and available languages and find the best match      parse list of comma separated language tags and sort it by the quality value function parseLanguageList  languageList        if  is null  languageList             if   isset   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE                   return array                       languageList     SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE               languages   array         languageRanges   explode      trim  languageList        foreach   languageRanges as  languageRange            if  preg match        a-zA-Z0-9  1 8    - a-zA-Z0-9  1 8        s   s q s   s  0      d 0 3   1     0 0 3         trim  languageRange    match                 if   isset  match 2                       match 2     1 0                 else                    match 2     string  floatval  match 2                              if   isset  languages  match 2                        languages  match 2     array                               languages  match 2       strtolower  match 1                        krsort  languages       return  languages        compare two parsed arrays of language tags and find the matches function findMatches  accepted   available         matches   array         any   false      foreach   accepted as  acceptedQuality   gt   acceptedValues             acceptedQuality   floatval  acceptedQuality           if   acceptedQuality     0 0  continue          foreach   available as  availableQuality   gt   availableValues                 availableQuality   floatval  availableQuality               if   availableQuality     0 0  continue              foreach   acceptedValues as  acceptedValue                    if   acceptedValue                                 any   true                                    foreach   availableValues as  availableValue                         matchingGrade   matchLanguage  acceptedValue   availableValue                       if   matchingGrade  gt  0                             q    string    acceptedQuality    availableQuality    matchingGrade                           if   isset  matches  q                                   matches  q    array                                                      if   in array  availableValue   matches  q                                   matches  q       availableValue                                                                                                      if  count  matches      0  amp  amp   any             matches    available            krsort  matches       return  matches        compare two language tags and distinguish the degree of matching function matchLanguage  a   b         a   explode  -    a        b   explode  -    b       for   i 0   n min count  a   count  b     i lt  n   i              if   a  i       b  i   break            return  i     0   0    float   i   count  a       accepted   parseLanguageList   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE     var dump  accepted    available   parseLanguageList  en  fr  it    var dump  available    matches   findMatches  accepted   available   var dump  matches     If findMatches returns an empty array  no match was found and you can fall back on the default language

User · Answer

Unfortunately  none of the answers to this question takes into account some valid HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE such as   q 0 8 en-US q 0 5 en q 0 3  having the q priority value at first place  ZH-CN  old browsers that capitalise  wrongly  the whole langcode     that basically say  quot serve whatever language you have quot    After a comprehensive test with thousands of different Accept-Languages in my server  I ended up having this language detection method  define  SUPPORTED LANGUAGES     en    es      function detect language         foreach  preg split             SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE    as  sub            if  substr  sub  0  2      q    continue          if  strpos  sub   -       false   sub   explode  -    sub  0           if  in array strtolower  sub   SUPPORTED LANGUAGES   return  sub            return  en

User · Answer

I ve got this one  which sets a cookie  And as you can see  it first checks if the language is posted by the user  Because browser language not always tells about the user    lt  php         lang   getenv  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE         set lang   explode       lang       if  isset   POST  lang                             taal     POST  lang                setcookie  lang    taal               header  Location   p                   else                        setcookie  lang    set lang 0                echo  set lang 0               echo   lt br gt                echo  set lang 1               header  Location   p                  gt

User · Answer

Try this one                                                               Copyright    2008 Darrin Yeager                            https   www dyeager org                                    Licensed under BSD license                                  https   www dyeager org downloads license-bsd txt                                                                 function getDefaultLanguage        if  isset   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE           return parseDefaultLanguage   SERVER  HTTP ACCEPT LANGUAGE        else       return parseDefaultLanguage NULL         function parseDefaultLanguage  http accept   deflang    en        if isset  http accept   amp  amp  strlen  http accept   gt  1             Split possible languages into array        x   explode      http accept         foreach   x as  val              check for q-value and create associative array  No q-value means 1 by rule          if preg match        q   0-1  0 1   d 0 4   i   val  matches                lang  matches 1      float  matches 2            else              lang  val    1 0                  return default language  highest q-value         qval   0 0        foreach   lang as  key   gt   value             if   value  gt   qval                 qval    float  value               deflang    key                             return strtolower  deflang        https   www dyeager org blog 2008 10 getting-browser-default-language-php html

[php] Detect Browser Language in PHP

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