[c++] Operator overloading on class templates

This helped me with the exact same problem.

Solution:

  1. Forward declare the friend function before the definition of the class itself. For example:

       template<typename T> class MyClass;  // pre-declare the template class itself
       template<typename T> std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& o, const MyClass <T>& x);
    
  2. Declare your friend function in your class with "<>" appended to the function name.

       friend std::ostream& operator<< <> (std::ostream& o, const Foo<T>& x);
    

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