PHP get and set magic methods

Question

Unless I m completely mistaken  the   get and   set methods are supposed to allow overloading of the   8594  get and set   For example  the following statements should invoke the   get method   echo  foo- gt bar   var    foo- gt bar    And the following should use the   set method    foo- gt bar    test     This was not working in my code  and is reproducible with this simple example   class foo        public  bar      public function   get  name             echo  Get  name           return  this- gt  name             public function   set  name   value             echo  Set  name to  value            this- gt  name    value             foo   new foo     echo  foo- gt bar   foo- gt bar    test    echo    foo- gt bar      This only results in    test    Putting some die   calls in there shows that it is not hitting it at all   For now  I just said screw it  and am manually using   get where it s needed for now  but that s not very dynamic and requires knowledge that the  overloaded  code is in fact not being called unless specifically called  I d like to know if this is either not supposed to function the way I ve understood that it should or why this is not working   This is running on php 5 3 3

User · Answer

I d recommend to use an array for storing all values via   set     class foo        protected  values   array         public function   get   key                 return  this- gt values   key               public function   set   key   value                  this- gt values   key      value             This way you make sure  that you can t access the variables in another way  note that  values is protected   to avoid collisions

User · Answer

It s because  bar is a public property     foo- gt bar    test     There is no need to call the magic method when running the above   Deleting public  bar  from your class should correct this

User · Answer

Best use magic set get methods with predefined custom  set get Methods as in example below  This way you can combine best of two worlds  In terms of speed I agree that they are a bit slower but can you even feel the difference  Example below also validate the data array against predefined setters           The magic methods are not substitutes for getters and setters  They   just allow you to handle method calls or property access that would   otherwise result in an error     This is why we should use both    CLASS ITEM EXAMPLE                    Item class        class Item      private  data   array         function   construct  options        set default to none          this- gt setNewDataClass  options     calling function            private function setNewDataClass  options           foreach   options as  key   gt   value                 method    set  ucfirst  key     capitalize first letter of the key to preserve camel case convention naming             if is callable array  this   method        use seters setMethod   to set value for this data key                          this- gt  method  value     execute the setters function              else                   this- gt data  key     value    create new set data key    value without seeters                                        private function setNameOfTheItem  value      no filter          this- gt data  name     strtoupper  value     assign the value         return  this- gt data  name       return the value - optional            private function setWeight  value     use some kind of filter         if  value  gt    100                  value    this item is too heavy - sorry - exceeded weight of maximum 99 kg  setters filter                       this- gt data  weight     strtoupper  value     asign the value         return  this- gt data  weight       return the value - optional            function   set  key   value            method    set  ucfirst  key     capitalize first letter of the key to preserv camell case convention naming         if is callable array  this   method        use seters setMethod   to set value for this data key                      this- gt  method  value     execute the seeter function          else               this- gt data  key     value    create new set data key    value without seeters                       function   get  key           return  this- gt data  key              function dump            var dump  this             INDEX PHP   data   array       nameOfTheItem    gt   tv        weight    gt   1000        size    gt   10x20x30       item   new Item  data    item- gt dump      item- gt somethingThatDoNotExists   0     this key  key  value  will trigger magic function   set   without any control or check of the input   item- gt weight   99     this key will trigger predefined setter function of a class - setWeight  value  - value is valid   item- gt dump      item- gt weight   111     this key will trigger predefined setter function of a class - setWeight  value  - value invalid - will generate warning   item- gt dump       display object info   OUTPUT  object Item  1    private  data    gt       array  size 3         name    gt  string  TV   length 2         weight    gt  string  THIS ITEM IS TOO HEAVY - SORRY - EXIDED WEIGHT OF MAXIMUM 99 KG  SETTERS FILTER    length 80         size    gt  string  10x20x30   length 8  object Item  1    private  data    gt       array  size 4         name    gt  string  TV   length 2         weight    gt  string  99   length 2         size    gt  string  10x20x30   length 8         somethingThatDoNotExists    gt  int 0 object Item  1    private  data    gt       array  size 4         name    gt  string  TV   length 2         weight    gt  string  THIS ITEM IS TOO HEAVY - SORRY - EXIDED WEIGHT OF MAXIMUM 99 KG  SETTERS FILTER    length 80         size    gt  string  10x20x30   length 8         somethingThatDoNotExists    gt  int 0

User · Answer

Intenta con      GET  k    return  this- gt  k      SET  k  v    return  this- gt  k    v

User · Answer

get    set    call and   callStatic are invoked when the method or property is inaccessible  Your  bar is public and therefor not inaccessible   See the section on Property Overloading in the manual           set   is run when writing data to inaccessible properties      get   is utilized for reading data from inaccessible properties        The magic methods are not substitutes for getters and setters  They just allow you to handle method calls or property access that would otherwise result in an error  As such  there are much more related to error handling  Also note that they are considerably slower than using proper getter and setter or direct method calls

User · Answer

From the PHP manual      set   is run when writing data to inaccessible properties     get   is utilized for reading data from inaccessible properties    This is only called on reading writing inaccessible properties  Your property however is public  which means it is accessible  Changing the access modifier to protected solves the issue

User · Answer

Drop the public  bar  declaration and it should work as expected

User · Answer

To expand on Berry s answer  that setting the access level to protected allows   get and   set to be used with explicitly declared properties  when accessed outside the class  at least  and the speed being considerably slower  I ll quote a comment from another question on this topic and make a case for using it anyway   I agree that   get is more slow to a custom get function  doing the same things   this is 0 0124455 the time for   get   and this 0 0024445 is for custom get   after 10000 loops       Melsi Nov 23  12 at 22 32 Best practice  PHP Magic Methods   set and   get  According to Melsi s tests  considerably slower is about 5 times slower  That is definitely considerably slower  but also note that the tests show that you can still access a property with this method 10 000 times  counting time for loop iteration  in roughly 1 100 of a second  It is considerably slower in comparison with actual get and set methods defined  and that is an understatement  but in the grand scheme of things  even 5 times slower is never actually slow   The computing time of the operation is still negligible and not worth considering in 99  of real world applications  The only time it should really be avoided is when you re actually going to be accessing the properties over 10 000 times in a single request  High traffic sites are doing something really wrong if they can t afford throwing a few more servers up to keep their applications running  A single line text ad on the footer of a high traffic site where the access rate becomes an issue could probably pay for a farm of 1 000 servers with that line of text  The end user is never going to be tapping their fingers wondering what is taking the page so long to load because your application s property access takes a millionth of a second   I say this speaking as a developer coming from a background in  NET  but invisible get and set methods to the consumer is not  NET s invention  They simply aren t properties without them  and these magic methods are PHP s developer s saving grace for even calling their version of properties  properties  at all  Also  the Visual Studio extension for PHP does support intellisense with protected properties  with that trick in mind  I d think  I would think with enough developers using the magic   get and   set methods in this way  the PHP developers would tune up the execution time to cater to the developer community   Edit  In theory  protected properties seemed like it d work in most situation  In practice  it turns out that there s a lot of times you re going to want to use your getters and setters when accessing properties within the class definition and extended classes  A better solution is a base class and interface for when extending other classes  so you can just copy the few lines of code from the base class into the implementing class  I m doing a bit more with my project s base class  so I don t have an interface to provide right now  but here is the untested stripped down class definition with magic property getting and setting using reflection to remove and move the properties to a protected array       Base class with magic property   get   and   set   support for defined properties     class Component           Gets the properties of the class stored after removing the original        definitions to trigger magic   get   and   set   methods when accessed         protected  properties   array             Provides property get support  Add a case for the property name to        expand  no break   or replace  break   the default get method  When        overriding  call parent    get  name  first and return if not null         then be sure to check that the property is in the overriding class        before doing anything  and to implement the default get routine         public function   get  name             caller   array shift debug backtrace              max access   ReflectionProperty  IS PUBLIC          if  is subclass of  caller  class    get class  this                 max access   ReflectionProperty  IS PROTECTED          if   caller  class      get class  this                max access   ReflectionProperty  IS PRIVATE          if   empty  this- gt properties  name                amp  amp   this- gt properties  name - gt class    get class                amp  amp   this- gt properties  name - gt access  lt    max access              switch   name                    default                      return  this- gt properties  name - gt value                               Provides property set support  Add a case for the property name to        expand  no break   or replace  break   the default set method  When        overriding  call parent    set  name   value  first  then be sure to        check that the property is in the overriding class before doing anything         and to implement the default set routine         public function   set  name   value             caller   array shift debug backtrace              max access   ReflectionProperty  IS PUBLIC          if  is subclass of  caller  class    get class  this                 max access   ReflectionProperty  IS PROTECTED          if   caller  class      get class  this                max access   ReflectionProperty  IS PRIVATE          if   empty  this- gt properties  name                amp  amp   this- gt properties  name - gt class    get class                amp  amp   this- gt properties  name - gt access  lt    max access              switch   name                    default                       this- gt properties  name - gt value    value                               Constructor for the Component  Call first when overriding         function   construct                Removing and moving properties to  properties property for magic              get   and   set   support           reflected class   new ReflectionClass  this            properties   array            foreach   reflected class- gt getProperties   as  property                if   property- gt isStatic      continue                 properties  property- gt name     object array                   name    gt   property- gt name   value    gt   property- gt value                    access    gt   property- gt getModifier     class    gt  get class  this                unset  this- gt   property- gt name               this- gt properties    properties            My apologies if there are any bugs in the code

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