Carriage return and Line feed Are both required in C

Question

When inserting a new line character into a string I have usually done this   str    First line nSecond line     In C   is this the standard practice  Should I also include the  carriage return  character   r   Are there any difference between the following  and if so  what are they   str    First line nSecond line   str    First line r nSecond line     If using both  carriage return  and  line feed  is standard practice  is there a specific order and why   Note  I read a few other posts on SO but didn t find an answer specific to  NET C     Edit  After testing a little app  I didn t not see any difference between   n  and   n r  or   r n

User · Answer

It s always a good idea  and while it s not always required  the Windows standard is to include both   n actually represents a Line Feed  or the number 10  and canonically a Line Feed means just  quot move down one row quot  on terminals and teletypes   r represents CR  a Carriage Return  or the number 13  On Windows  Unix  and most terminals  a CR moves the cursor to the beginning of the line   This is not the case for 8-bit computers  most of those do advance to the next line with a CR   Anyway  some processes  such as the text console  might add a CR automatically when you send an LF  However  since the CR simply moves to the start of the line  there s no harm in sending the CR twice  On the other hand  dialog boxes  text boxes  and other display elements require both CR and LF to properly start a new line  Since there s really no downside to sending both  and both are required in some situations  the simplest policy is to use both  if you re not sure

User · Answer

A carriage return  r moves the cursor to the beginning of the current line  A newline  n causes a drop to the next line and possibly the beginning of the next line  That s the platform dependent part that Alexei notes above  on a  nix system  n gives you both a carriage return and a newline  in windows it doesn t   What you use depends on what you re trying to do  If I wanted to make a little spinning thing on a console I would do str      r  r- r   r   for example

User · Answer

It depends on where you re displaying the text  On the console or a textbox for example   n will suffice  On a RichTextBox I think you need both

User · Answer

System Environment NewLine is the constant you are looking for - http   msdn microsoft com en-us library system environment newline aspx which will provide environment specific combination that most programs on given OS will consider  next line of text    In practice most of the text tools treat all variations that include  n as  new line  and you can just use it in your text  foo nbar   Especially if you are trying to construct multi-line format strings like   V1    value1  nV2    value2  n   If you are building text with string concatenation consider using NewLine  In any case make sure tools you are using understand output the way you want and you may need for example always use  r n irrespective of platform if editor of your choice can t correctly open files otherwise   Note that WriteLine methods use NewLine so if you plan to write text with one these methods avoid using just  n as resulting text may contain mix of  r n and just  n which may confuse some tools and definitely does not look neat   For historical background see Difference between  n and  r

User · Answer

I know this is a little old  but for anyone stumbling across this page should know there is a difference between  n and  r n   The  r n gives a CRLF end of line and the  n gives an LF end of line character  There is very little difference to the eye in general   Create a  txt from the string and then try and open in notepad  normal not notepad    and you will notice the difference  SHA PCT PRACTICE BNF CODE BNF NAME ITEMS NIC ACT COST QUANTITY PERIOD Q44 01C N81002 0101021B0AAALAL Sod Algin Pot Bicarb Susp S F 3 20 48 19 05 2000 201901 Q44 01C N81002 0101021B0AAAPAP Sod Alginate Pot Bicarb Tab Chble 500mg 1 3 07 2 86 60 201901   The above is using  CRLF  and the below is what  LF only  would look like  There is a character that cant be seen where the LF shows    SHA PCT PRACTICE BNF CODE BNF NAME ITEMS NIC ACT COST QUANTITY PERIODQ44 01C N81002 0101021B0AAALAL Sod Algin Pot Bicarb Susp S F 3 20 48 19 05 2000 201901Q44 01C N81002 0101021B0AAAPAP Sod Alginate Pot Bicarb Tab Chble 500mg 1 3 07 2 86 60 201901   If the Line Ends need to be corrected and the file is small enough in size  you can change the line endings in NotePad    or paste into word then back into Notepad - although this will make CRLF only    This may cause some functions that read these files to potenitially no longer function  The example lines given are from GP Prescribing data - England  The file has changed from a CRLF Line end to an LF line end   This stopped an SSIS job from running and failed as couldn t read the LF line endings   Source of Line Ending Information  https   en wikipedia org wiki Newline Representations in different character encoding specifications  Hope this helps someone in future     CRLF   Windows based  LF or CF are from Unix based systems  Linux  MacOS etc

[c#] Carriage return and Line feed... Are both required in C#?

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