Using Community 8.0.17, upgraded from 8.0.16
There may be a more secure way of doing this, but since I'm just running a dev box:
you should see all of the required data file structures in the data folder now. If they are not created, the mysqld process has contention or improper security to write into the folder correctly.
Now start your named service in whatever fashion you want (SC/NET/service.msc, etc)
Assuming all of the files were created properly by --initialize the service will start.