If you are trying to decipher info MS puts on their patching site such as https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/ms17-010.aspx
you will need a combo such as:
$name=(Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem).caption
$bit=(Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem).OSArchitecture
$ver=(Get-ItemProperty "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion").ReleaseId
Write-Host $name, $bit, $ver
Microsoft Windows 10 Home 64-bit 1703