[sql] how to select rows based on distinct values of A COLUMN only

I need to query a table in order to return rows, but I am not able to query the table correctly. Here is my table view:

Id                MailId          EmailAddress          Name
1                 1               [email protected]               Mr. A
2                 1               [email protected]               Mr. B
3                 1               [email protected]               Mr. C
4                 1               [email protected]               Mr. D
5                 1               [email protected]               Mr. A
6                 2               [email protected]               Mr. E
7                 2               [email protected]               Mr. A
8                 3               [email protected]               Mr. F
9                 4               [email protected]               Mr. D  
10                5               [email protected]               Mr. F
11                6               [email protected]               Mr. D

The result set should return:

Id                MailId          EmailAddress          Name
1                 1               [email protected]               Mr. A
2                 1               [email protected]               Mr. B
3                 1               [email protected]               Mr. C
4                 1               [email protected]               Mr. D
6                 2               [email protected]               Mr. E
8                 3               [email protected]               Mr. F

In other words: first, I want to select distinct e-mail addresses, and then return rows containing distinct e-mail addresses.

Note: Just using the "Distinct" keyword will not work here, as it will select distinct rows. My requirement is to select distinct email addresses, and then to select rows containing those addresses.

Edit: I cannot use the "Group By" keyword either, because for this I will also have to Group By with Id (which is the PK) and doing this will return two rows with the same EmailAddress values but with different Ids.

Try this - you need a CTE (Common Table Expression) that partitions (groups) your data by distinct e-mail address, and sorts each group by ID - smallest first. Then you just select the first entry for each group - that should give you what you're looking for:

;WITH DistinctMails AS
(
    SELECT ID, MailID, EMailAddress, NAME,
        ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY EMailAddress ORDER BY ID) AS 'RowNum'
    FROM dbo.YourMailTable
)
SELECT *
FROM DistinctMails
WHERE RowNum = 1

This works on SQL Server 2005 and newer (you didn't mention what version you're using...)

Looking at your output maybe the following query can work, give it a try:

SELECT * FROM tablename
WHERE id IN
(SELECT MIN(id) FROM tablename GROUP BY EmailAddress)

This will select only one row for each distinct email address, the row with the minimum id which is what your result seems to portray

if you dont wanna use DISTINCT use GROUP BY

 SELECT * FROM myTABLE GROUP BY EmailAddress

I am not sure about your DBMS. So, I created a temporary table in Redshift and from my experience, I think this query should return what you are looking for:

select min(Id), distinct MailId, EmailAddress, Name
    from yourTableName
    group by MailId, EmailAddress, Name

I see that I am using a GROUP BY clause but you still won't have two rows against any particular MailId.

use this(assume that your table name is emails):

select * from emails as a 
inner join  
(select EmailAddress, min(Id) as id from emails 
group by EmailAddress ) as b 
on a.EmailAddress = b.EmailAddress 
and a.Id = b.id

hope this help..