[postgresql] How do I import modules or install extensions in PostgreSQL 9.1+?

Postgrseql 9.1 provides for a new command CREATE EXTENSION. You should use it to install modules.

Modules provided in 9.1 can be found here.. The include,

adminpack , auth_delay , auto_explain , btree_gin , btree_gist
, chkpass , citext , cube , dblink , dict_int
, dict_xsyn , dummy_seclabel , earthdistance , file_fdw , fuzzystrmatch
, hstore , intagg , intarray , isn , lo
, ltree , oid2name , pageinspect , passwordcheck , pg_archivecleanup
, pgbench , pg_buffercache , pgcrypto , pg_freespacemap , pgrowlocks
, pg_standby , pg_stat_statements , pgstattuple , pg_test_fsync , pg_trgm
, pg_upgrade , seg , sepgsql , spi , sslinfo , tablefunc
, test_parser , tsearch2 , unaccent , uuid-ossp , vacuumlo
, xml2

If for instance you wanted to install earthdistance, simply use this command:

CREATE EXTENSION earthdistance;

If you wanted to install an extension with a hyphen in its name, like uuid-ossp, you need to enclose the extension name in double quotes:

CREATE EXTENSION "uuid-ossp";