What does s and d mean in printf in the C language

Question

I don t understand what the  s and d  do in this C code   for  i 0 i lt sizeof code  sizeof char    i          printf   s d s d n    Length of String    i    is    strlen code i         str   code i       printf   s d s c n   The first character in string    i    is    str 0        I m new to the C language and my background is in Java    What do the  s d s d symbols denote  Why are there so many of them  Is the comma used here for concatenation instead of a

User · Answer

notation is called a format specifier  For example   d tells printf   to print an integer   s to print a string  char    etc  You should really look it up here  http   google com search q printf format specifiers  No  commas are not used for string concatenation  Commas are for separating arguments passed to a function

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The first argument denotes placeholders for the variables   parameters that follow   For example   s indicates that you re expecting a String to be your first print parameter   Java also has a printf  which is very similar

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s is for string  d is for decimal  or int   c is for character  It appears to be chewing through an array of characters  and printing out whatever string exists starting at each subsequent position   The strings will stop at the first null in each case   The commas are just separating the arguments to a function that takes a variable number of args  this number corresponds to the number of   args in the format descriptor at the front

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letter  denotes the format type of the replacement text   s specifies a string   d an integer  and  c a char

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s d s d n   is the format string  it tells the printf function how to format and display the output   Anything in the format string that doesn t have a   immediately in front of it is displayed as is      s and  d are conversion specifiers  they tell printf how to interpret the remaining arguments    s tells printf that the corresponding argument is to be treated as a string  in C terms  a 0-terminated sequence of char   the type of the corresponding argument must be char      d tells printf that the corresponding argument is to be treated as an integer value  the type of the corresponding argument must be int   Since you re coming from a Java background  it s important to note that printf  like other variadic functions  is relying on you to tell it what the types of the remaining arguments are   If the format string were   d s d s n   printf would attempt to treat  Length of string  as an integer value and i as a string  with tragic results

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The printf   family of functions uses   character as a placeholder   When a   is encountered  printf reads the characters following the   to determine what to do    s - Take the next argument and print it as a string  d - Take the next argument and print it as an int   See this Wikipedia article for a nice picture  printf format string  The  n at the end of the string is for a newline carriage-return character

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The first argument to printf is a string of identifiers     s refers to a string  d refers to an integer  c refers to a character  Therefore   s d s c n prints the string  The first character in sting     d prints i   s prints   is    and  c prints str 0

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s d s d n is a format string  It is used to specify how the information is formatted on an output  here the format string is supposed to print string followed by a digit followed by a string and then again a digit  The last symbol  n represents carriage return which marks the end of a line  In C  strings cannot be concatenated by   or   although you can combine different outputs on a single line by using the appropriate format strings  the use of format strings is to format output info

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d is print as an int  s is print as a string  f is print as floating point  It should be noted that it is incorrect to say that this is different from Java   Printf stands for print format  if you do a formatted print in Java  this is exactly the same usage   This may allow you to solve interesting and new problems in both C and Java

[c] What does %s and %d mean in printf in the C language?

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