How to add parameters to HttpURLConnection using POST using NameValuePair

Question

I am trying to do POST with HttpURLConnection I need to use it this way  can t use HttpPost  and I d like to add parameters to that connection such as  post setEntity new UrlEncodedFormEntity nvp      where  nvp   new ArrayList lt NameValuePair gt       having some data stored in  I can t find a way how to add this ArrayList to my HttpURLConnection which is here   HttpsURLConnection https    HttpsURLConnection  url openConnection    https setHostnameVerifier DO NOT VERIFY   http   https  http setRequestMethod  POST    http setDoInput true   http setDoOutput true     The reason for that awkward https and http combination is the need for not verifying the certificate  That is not a problem  though  it posts the server well  But I need it to post with arguments    Any ideas     Duplicate Disclaimer   Back in 2012  I had no idea how parameters were inserted into an HTTP POST request  I was hanging on to NameValuePair because it was in a tutorial  This question might seem like a duplicate  however  my 2012 self read that other question and it was NOT using NameValuePair  It did not  in fact  solve my problem

User · Answer

Parameters to HttpURLConnection using POST using NameValuePair with OutPut         try           URL url   new URL  quot https   yourUrl com quot            HttpURLConnection conn    HttpURLConnection  url openConnection             conn setUseCaches false           conn setDoInput true           conn setDoOutput true            conn setRequestMethod  quot POST quot             conn setRequestProperty  quot Content-Type quot    quot application json quot             JSONObject data   new JSONObject            data put  quot key1 quot    quot value1 quot            data put  quot key2 quot    quot value2 quot             OutputStreamWriter wr   new OutputStreamWriter conn getOutputStream             wr write data toString             wr flush            wr close             BufferedReader in   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader conn getInputStream              String inputLine          StringBuffer response   new StringBuffer             while   inputLine   in readLine       null                response append inputLine                     in close            System out println response toString           catch  MalformedURLException e            e printStackTrace          catch  IOException e            e printStackTrace          catch  JSONException e            e printStackTrace

User · Answer

JSONObject params   new JSONObject    try      params put key  val    catch  JSONException e      e printStackTrace        this is how i pass  params  JSONObject  through POST  connection getOutputStream   write params toString   getBytes  UTF-8

User · Answer

There s a much easier approach using PrintWriter  see here   Basically all you need is      set up URL connection URL urlToRequest   new URL urlStr   HttpURLConnection urlConnection    HttpURLConnection urlToRequest openConnection    urlConnection setDoOutput true   urlConnection setRequestMethod  POST    urlConnection setRequestProperty  Content-Type    application x-www-form-urlencoded        write out form parameters String postParamaters    param1 value1 amp param2 value2  urlConnection setFixedLengthStreamingMode postParameters getBytes   length   PrintWriter out   new PrintWriter urlConnection getOutputStream     out print postParameters   out close        connect urlConnection connect

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I use something like this   SchemeRegistry sR   new SchemeRegistry    sR register new Scheme  https   SSLSocketFactory getSocketFactory    443     HttpParams params   new BasicHttpParams    SingleClientConnManager mgr   new SingleClientConnManager params  sR    HttpClient httpclient   new DefaultHttpClient mgr  params    HttpPost httppost   new HttpPost url   httppost setEntity new UrlEncodedFormEntity nameValuePairs     HttpResponse response   httpclient execute httppost

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I think I found exactly what you need  It may help others   You can use the method UrlEncodedFormEntity writeTo OutputStream    UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity   new UrlEncodedFormEntity nvp    http connect     OutputStream output   null  try     output   http getOutputStream          formEntity writeTo output     finally    if  output    null  try   output close      catch  IOException ioe

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One solution is to make your own params string   This is the actual method I ve been using for my latest project  You need to change args from hashtable to namevaluepair s   private static String getPostParamString Hashtable lt String  String gt  params        if params size      0          return          StringBuffer buf   new StringBuffer        Enumeration lt String gt  keys   params keys        while keys hasMoreElements              buf append buf length      0          amp             String key   keys nextElement            buf append key  append      append params get key              return buf toString        POSTing the params   OutputStreamWriter writer   new OutputStreamWriter conn getOutputStream     writer write getPostParamString req getPostParams

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By using org apache http client HttpClient also you can easily do this with more readable way as below   HttpClient httpclient   new DefaultHttpClient    HttpPost httppost   new HttpPost  http   www yoursite com script php      Within try catch you can insert     Add your data List lt NameValuePair gt  nameValuePairs   new ArrayList lt NameValuePair gt  2   nameValuePairs add new BasicNameValuePair  id    12345     nameValuePairs add new BasicNameValuePair  stringdata    AndDev is Cool      httppost setEntity new UrlEncodedFormEntity nameValuePairs        Execute HTTP Post Request HttpResponse response   httpclient execute httppost

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Try this          HttpClient httpclient   new DefaultHttpClient    HttpPost httppost   new HttpPost  your url    List lt NameValuePair gt  nameValuePairs   new ArrayList lt NameValuePair gt  3   nameValuePairs add new BasicNameValuePair  user name    Name     nameValuePairs add new BasicNameValuePair  pass   Password      nameValuePairs add new BasicNameValuePair  user email   email      httppost setEntity new UrlEncodedFormEntity nameValuePairs        Execute HTTP Post Request HttpResponse response   httpclient execute httppost    String ret   EntityUtils toString response getEntity     Log v  Util response   ret     You can add as many nameValuePairs as you need  And don t forget to mention the count in the list

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If it s not too late  I d like to share my code   Utils java   public static String buildPostParameters Object content            String output   null          if   content instanceof String                      content instanceof JSONObject                      content instanceof JSONArray                 output   content toString              else if  content instanceof Map                Uri Builder builder   new Uri Builder                HashMap hashMap    HashMap  content              if  hashMap    null                    Iterator entries   hashMap entrySet   iterator                    while  entries hasNext                          Map Entry entry    Map Entry  entries next                        builder appendQueryParameter entry getKey   toString    entry getValue   toString                         entries remove       avoids a ConcurrentModificationException                                   output   builder build   getEncodedQuery                                     return output         public static URLConnection makeRequest String method  String apiAddress  String accessToken  String mimeType  String requestBody  throws IOException           URL url   new URL apiAddress           HttpURLConnection urlConnection    HttpURLConnection  url openConnection             urlConnection setDoInput true           urlConnection setDoOutput  method equals  GET             urlConnection setRequestMethod method            urlConnection setRequestProperty  Authorization    Bearer     accessToken                    urlConnection setRequestProperty  Content-Type   mimeType           OutputStream outputStream   new BufferedOutputStream urlConnection getOutputStream             BufferedWriter writer   new BufferedWriter new OutputStreamWriter outputStream   utf-8             writer write requestBody           writer flush            writer close            outputStream close                         urlConnection connect             return urlConnection          MainActivity java    Override protected void onCreate Bundle savedInstanceState        super onCreate savedInstanceState       setContentView R layout activity main        new APIRequest   execute       private class APIRequest extends AsyncTask lt Void  Void  String gt              Override         protected Object doInBackground Void    params                    Of course  you should comment the other CASES when testing one CASE                 CASE 1  For FromBody parameter             String url    http   10 0 2 2 api frombody               String requestBody   Utils buildPostParameters   FromBody Value        must have    for FromBody parameter             HttpURLConnection urlConnection   null              try                   urlConnection    HttpURLConnection  Utils makeRequest  POST   url  null   application json   requestBody                                       InputStream inputStream                     get stream                 if  urlConnection getResponseCode    lt  HttpURLConnection HTTP BAD REQUEST                        inputStream   urlConnection getInputStream                      else                       inputStream   urlConnection getErrorStream                                         parse stream                 BufferedReader bufferedReader   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader inputStream                    String temp  response                       while   temp   bufferedReader readLine       null                        response    temp                                    return response                catch  IOException e                    e printStackTrace                    return e toString                  finally                   if  urlConnection    null                        urlConnection disconnect                                                    CASE 2  For JSONObject parameter             String url    http   10 0 2 2 api testjsonobject               JSONObject jsonBody              String requestBody              HttpURLConnection urlConnection              try                   jsonBody   new JSONObject                    jsonBody put  Title    BNK Title                    jsonBody put  Author    BNK                    jsonBody put  Date    2015 08 08                    requestBody   Utils buildPostParameters jsonBody                   urlConnection    HttpURLConnection  Utils makeRequest  POST   url  null   application json   requestBody                                                              the same logic to case  1                                     return response                catch  JSONException   IOException e                    e printStackTrace                    return e toString                  finally                   if  urlConnection    null                        urlConnection disconnect                                                               CASE 3  For form-urlencoded parameter             String url    http   10 0 2 2 api token               HttpURLConnection urlConnection              Map lt String  String gt  stringMap   new HashMap lt  gt                 stringMap put  grant type    password                stringMap put  username    username                stringMap put  password    password                String requestBody   Utils buildPostParameters stringMap               try                   urlConnection    HttpURLConnection  Utils makeRequest  POST   url  null   application x-www-form-urlencoded   requestBody                                          the same logic to case  1                                     return response                catch  Exception e                    e printStackTrace                    return e toString                  finally                   if  urlConnection    null                        urlConnection disconnect                                                                          Override         protected void onPostExecute String response                super onPostExecute response                  do something

User · Answer

To call POST PUT DELETE GET Restful methods with custom header or json data the following Async class can be used  public class HttpUrlConnectionUtlity extends AsyncTask lt Integer  Void  String gt    private static final String TAG    HttpUrlConnectionUtlity   Context mContext  public static final int GET METHOD   0          POST METHOD   1          PUT METHOD   2          HEAD METHOD   3          DELETE METHOD   4          TRACE METHOD   5          OPTIONS METHOD   6  HashMap lt String  String gt  headerMap   String entityString  String url  int requestType   -1  final String timeOut    TIMED OUT    int TIME OUT   60   1000   public HttpUrlConnectionUtlity  Context mContext        this mContext   mContext      this callback   callback      Override protected void onPreExecute         super onPreExecute        Override protected String doInBackground Integer    params        int requestType   getRequestType        String response           try             URL url   getUrl            HttpURLConnection urlConnection    HttpURLConnection  url openConnection             urlConnection   setRequestMethod urlConnection  requestType           urlConnection setConnectTimeout TIME OUT           urlConnection setReadTimeout TIME OUT           urlConnection setDoOutput true           urlConnection   setHeaderData urlConnection           urlConnection   setEntity urlConnection            if  urlConnection getResponseCode      HttpURLConnection HTTP OK                response   readResponseStream urlConnection getInputStream                 Logger v TAG  response                     urlConnection disconnect            return response          catch  ProtocolException e            e printStackTrace          catch  SocketTimeoutException e            return timeOut        catch  IOException e            e printStackTrace          catch  IllegalStateException e            Logger e TAG   ALREADY CONNECTED              return response      Override protected void onPostExecute String response        super onPostExecute response        if  TextUtils isEmpty response               empty response       else if  response    null  amp  amp  response equals timeOut               request timed out        else            process your response          private String getEntityString         return entityString     public void setEntityString String s        this entityString   s     private String readResponseStream InputStream in        BufferedReader reader   null      StringBuffer response   new StringBuffer        try           reader   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader in            String line               while   line   reader readLine       null                response append line                   catch  IOException e            e printStackTrace          finally           if  reader    null                try                   reader close                  catch  IOException e                    e printStackTrace                                      return response toString       private HttpURLConnection setEntity HttpURLConnection urlConnection  throws IOException       if  getEntityString      null            OutputStream outputStream   urlConnection getOutputStream            BufferedWriter writer   new BufferedWriter new OutputStreamWriter outputStream   UTF-8             writer write getEntityString             writer flush            writer close            outputStream close          else           Logger w TAG   NO ENTITY DATA TO APPEND   NO ENTITY DATA TO APPEND   NO ENTITY DATA TO APPEND              return urlConnection     private HttpURLConnection setHeaderData HttpURLConnection urlConnection  throws UnsupportedEncodingException       urlConnection setRequestProperty  Content-Type    application json        urlConnection setRequestProperty  Accept    application json        if  getHeaderMap      null            for  Map Entry lt String  String gt  entry   getHeaderMap   entrySet                  urlConnection setRequestProperty entry getKey    entry getValue                     else           Logger w TAG   NO HEADER DATA TO APPEND   NO HEADER DATA TO APPEND   NO HEADER DATA TO APPEND              return urlConnection     private HttpURLConnection setRequestMethod HttpURLConnection urlConnection  int requestMethod        try           switch  requestMethod                case GET METHOD                  urlConnection setRequestMethod  GET                    break              case POST METHOD                  urlConnection setRequestMethod  POST                    break              case PUT METHOD                  urlConnection setRequestMethod  PUT                    break              case DELETE METHOD                  urlConnection setRequestMethod  DELETE                    break              case OPTIONS METHOD                  urlConnection setRequestMethod  OPTIONS                    break              case HEAD METHOD                  urlConnection setRequestMethod  HEAD                    break              case TRACE METHOD                  urlConnection setRequestMethod  TRACE                    break                  catch  ProtocolException e            e printStackTrace              return urlConnection     public int getRequestType         return requestType     public void setRequestType int requestType        this requestType   requestType     public URL getUrl   throws MalformedURLException       return new URL url      public void setUrl String url        this url   url     public HashMap lt String  String gt  getHeaderMap         return headerMap     public void setHeaderMap HashMap lt String  String gt  headerMap        this headerMap   headerMap          And The Usage is      HttpUrlConnectionUtlity httpMethod   new HttpUrlConnectionUtlity  mContext       JSONObject jsonEntity   new JSONObject         try           jsonEntity put  key1   value1           jsonEntity put  key2   value2          catch  JSONException e            e printStackTrace              httpMethod setUrl YOUR URL STRING       HashMap lt String  String gt  headerMap   new HashMap lt  gt         headerMap put  key  value       headerMap put  key1  value1       httpMethod setHeaderMap headerMap       httpMethod setRequestType WiseConnectHttpMethod POST METHOD     specify POST GET DELETE PUT     httpMethod setEntityString jsonEntity toString         httpMethod execute

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Since the NameValuePair is deprecated  Thought of sharing my code  public String  performPostCall String requestURL              HashMap lt String  String gt  postDataParams             URL url          String response               try               url   new URL requestURL                HttpURLConnection conn    HttpURLConnection  url openConnection                conn setReadTimeout 15000               conn setConnectTimeout 15000               conn setRequestMethod  POST                conn setDoInput true               conn setDoOutput true                 OutputStream os   conn getOutputStream                BufferedWriter writer   new BufferedWriter                      new OutputStreamWriter os   UTF-8                 writer write getPostDataString postDataParams                 writer flush                writer close                os close                int responseCode conn getResponseCode                 if  responseCode    HttpsURLConnection HTTP OK                    String line                  BufferedReader br new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader conn getInputStream                      while   line br readLine       null                        response  line                                              else                   response                              catch  Exception e                e printStackTrace                       return response                  private String getPostDataString HashMap lt String  String gt  params  throws UnsupportedEncodingException          StringBuilder result   new StringBuilder            boolean first   true          for Map Entry lt String  String gt  entry   params entrySet                 if  first                  first   false              else                 result append   amp                  result append URLEncoder encode entry getKey     UTF-8                 result append                   result append URLEncoder encode entry getValue     UTF-8                        return result toString

User · Answer

If you don t need the ArrayList lt NameValuePair gt  for parameters  this is a shorter solution that builds the query string using the Uri Builder class   URL url   new URL  http   yoururl com    HttpsURLConnection conn    HttpsURLConnection  url openConnection    conn setReadTimeout 10000   conn setConnectTimeout 15000   conn setRequestMethod  POST    conn setDoInput true   conn setDoOutput true    Uri Builder builder   new Uri Builder            appendQueryParameter  firstParam   paramValue1           appendQueryParameter  secondParam   paramValue2           appendQueryParameter  thirdParam   paramValue3   String query   builder build   getEncodedQuery     OutputStream os   conn getOutputStream    BufferedWriter writer   new BufferedWriter              new OutputStreamWriter os   UTF-8     writer write query   writer flush    writer close    os close     conn connect

User · Answer

You can get output stream for the connection and write the parameter query string to it   URL url   new URL  http   yoururl com    HttpsURLConnection conn    HttpsURLConnection  url openConnection    conn setReadTimeout 10000   conn setConnectTimeout 15000   conn setRequestMethod  POST    conn setDoInput true   conn setDoOutput true    List lt NameValuePair gt  params   new ArrayList lt NameValuePair gt     params add new BasicNameValuePair  firstParam   paramValue1    params add new BasicNameValuePair  secondParam   paramValue2    params add new BasicNameValuePair  thirdParam   paramValue3     OutputStream os   conn getOutputStream    BufferedWriter writer   new BufferedWriter          new OutputStreamWriter os   UTF-8     writer write getQuery params    writer flush    writer close    os close     conn connect           private String getQuery List lt NameValuePair gt  params  throws UnsupportedEncodingException       StringBuilder result   new StringBuilder        boolean first   true       for  NameValuePair pair   params                if  first              first   false          else             result append   amp              result append URLEncoder encode pair getName     UTF-8             result append               result append URLEncoder encode pair getValue     UTF-8                return result toString

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In my case I have created function like this to make Post request which takes String url and hashmap of parameters   public  String postRequest  String mainUrl HashMap lt String String gt  parameterList        String response         try           URL url   new URL mainUrl            StringBuilder postData   new StringBuilder            for  Map Entry lt String  String gt  param   parameterList entrySet                          if  postData length      0  postData append   amp                 postData append URLEncoder encode param getKey     UTF-8                 postData append                   postData append URLEncoder encode String valueOf param getValue      UTF-8                        byte   postDataBytes   postData toString   getBytes  UTF-8                HttpURLConnection conn    HttpURLConnection  url openConnection            conn setRequestMethod  POST            conn setRequestProperty  Content-Type    application x-www-form-urlencoded            conn setRequestProperty  Content-Length   String valueOf postDataBytes length            conn setDoOutput true           conn getOutputStream   write postDataBytes            Reader in   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader conn getInputStream     UTF-8              StringBuilder sb   new StringBuilder            for  int c   c   in read     gt   0                sb append  char  c           response   sb toString          return  response       catch  Exception excep           excep printStackTrace         return response

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The accepted answer throws a ProtocolException at   OutputStream os   conn getOutputStream     because it does not enable the output for the URLConnection object  The solution should include this   conn setDoOutput true    to make it work

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AsyncTask to send data as JSONObect via POST Method  public class PostMethodDemo extends AsyncTask lt String   Void  String gt            String server response            Override         protected String doInBackground String    strings                URL url              HttpURLConnection urlConnection   null               try                   url   new URL strings 0                    urlConnection    HttpURLConnection  url openConnection                    urlConnection setDoOutput true                   urlConnection setDoInput true                   urlConnection setRequestMethod  POST                     DataOutputStream wr   new DataOutputStream urlConnection getOutputStream                       try                       JSONObject obj   new JSONObject                        obj put  key1     value1                        obj put  key2     value2                         wr writeBytes obj toString                         Log e  JSON Input   obj toString                         wr flush                        wr close                      catch  JSONException ex                        ex printStackTrace                                      urlConnection connect                     int responseCode   urlConnection getResponseCode                     if responseCode    HttpURLConnection HTTP OK                       server response   readStream urlConnection getInputStream                                      catch  MalformedURLException e                    e printStackTrace                  catch  IOException e                    e printStackTrace                              return null                      Override         protected void onPostExecute String s                super onPostExecute s               Log e  Response        server response                        public static String readStream InputStream in            BufferedReader reader   null          StringBuffer response   new StringBuffer            try               reader   new BufferedReader new InputStreamReader in                String line                   while   line   reader readLine       null                    response append line                           catch  IOException e                e printStackTrace              finally               if  reader    null                    try                       reader close                      catch  IOException e                        e printStackTrace                                                      return response toString

[android] How to add parameters to HttpURLConnection using POST using NameValuePair

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