How to manage Angular2 expression has changed after it was checked exception when a component property depends on current datetime

Question

My component has styles that depend on current datetime  In my component I ve got the following function     private fontColor  dto   Dto     string          date d ex  cution du dto     let dtoDate   Date   new Date  dto LastExecution                    let color     hsl      hue      80        maxLigness - lightnessAmp               return color        lightnessAmp is calculated from the current datetime  The color changes if dtoDate is in the last 24 hours   The exact error is the following      Expression has changed after it was checked  Previous value   hsl  123  80   49     Current value   hsl  123  80   48      I know the exception appear in development mode only at the moment the value is checked  If the checked value is different of the updated value  the exception is thrown   So I tried to update the current datetime at each lifecycle in the following hook method to prevent the exception     ngAfterViewChecked           console log     changement de la date du composant           this dateNow   new Date             but without success

User · Answer

I think the best and cleanest solution you can imagine is this    Component      selector   app-my-component     template    lt p gt    myData  anyfield    lt  p gt      styles             export class MyComponent implements OnInit     private myData     constructor  private myService  MyService          ngOnInit                    async    await        clears the ExpressionChangedAfterItHasBeenCheckedError exception             this myService myObservable subscribe        async  data    gt    this myData   await data                  Tested with Angular 5 2 9

User · Answer

Her you go two solutions   1  Modify ChangeDetectionStrategy to OnPush  For this solution  you r basically telling angular      Stop checking for changes  i ll do it only when i know is necessary   The quick fix   Modify your component so it ll use ChangeDetectionStrategy OnPush   Component     selector   app-child     templateUrl     child component html     changeDetection  ChangeDetectionStrategy OnPush    export class ChildComponent implements OnInit                  With this  things don   t seem to work anymore  That s because from now on you ll have to make Angular call the detectChanges   manually   this cdr detectChanges      Here s a link that helped me understand ChangeDetectionStrategy right  https   alligator io angular change-detection-strategy   2  Understanding ExpressionChangedAfterItHasBeenCheckedError  Here is a small extract from tomonari t answer about the causes for this error  I ve tried to include only the parts that helped me to understand this   The full article shows real code examples about every point shown here   The root cause is angular lifecycle s      After each operation Angular remembers what values it used to perform   an operation  They are stored in the oldValues property of the   component view       After the checks have been done for all components Angular then starts   the next digest cycle but instead of performing operations it compares the current values with the ones it remembers from   the previous digest cycle    The following operations are the being checked at digest cycle s      check that values passed down to the child components are the same as   the values that would be used to update properties of these components   now       check that values used to update the DOM elements are the same as   the values that would be used to update these elements now perform the   same       checks for all child components   And so  the error is thrown when the compared values are different   blogger Max Koretskyi stated      The culprit is always the child component or a directive    And finally here are some real world samples that usually cause this error    Shared services  Synchronous event broadcasting  Dynamic component instantiation   Every sample can be found here  plunkr   in my case the problem was a dynamic component instantiation    Also  by my own experience i strongly recommend everyone to avoid the setTimeout solution  in my case caused an  almost  infinite loop  21 calls which i m not willing to show you how to provoke them     I would recommend to always keep in mind Angular life-cycle s so you can take in account how they would be affected every time you modify another component s value  With this error Angular is telling you      You re maybe doing this the wrong way  are you sure you re right    The same blog also says      Often  the fix is to use the right change detection hook to create a dynamic component   A short guide for me is to consider at least the following two things while coding  i ll try to complement it over time     Avoid modifying parent component values from it s child s components  instead  modify them from its parent   When you use  Input and  Output directives try to avoid triggering lyfecycle changes unless the component is completely initialized  Avoid unnecessary calls of this cdr detectChanges    they can trigger more errors  specially when you r dealing with a lot of dynamic data When the use of this cdr detectChanges    is mandatory make sure that the variables   Input   Output  etc  being used are filled initialized at right detection hook  OnInit  OnChanges  AfterView  etc  When possible  remove rather than hide  this is related to point 3 and 4    Also  If you want to fully understand Angular Life Hook i recommend you to read the official documentation here    https   angular io guide lifecycle-hooks

User · Answer

As mentioned by  leocaseiro on github issue      I found 3 solutions for those who are looking for easy fixes       1  Moving from ngAfterViewInit to ngAfterContentInit      2  Moving to ngAfterViewChecked combined with ChangeDetectorRef as   suggested on  14748  comment       3  Keep with ngOnInit   but call ChangeDetectorRef detectChanges   after   your changes

User · Answer

Although there are many answers already and a link to a very good article on change detection  I wanted to give my two cents here  I think the check is there for a reason so I thought about the architecture of my app and realized that the changes in the view can be dealt with by using BehaviourSubject and the correct lifecycle hook  So here s what I did for a solution    I use a third-party component  fullcalendar   but I also use Angular Material  so although I made a new plugin for styling  getting the look and feel was a bit awkward because customization of the calendar header is not possible without forking the repo and rolling your own  So I ended up getting the underlying JavaScript class  and need to initialize my own calendar header for the component  That requires the ViewChild to be rendered befor my parent is rendered  which is not the way Angular works  This is why I wrapped the value I need for my template in a BehaviourSubject lt View gt  null    calendarView    new BehaviorSubject lt View gt  null      Next  when I can be sure the view is checked  I update that subject with the value from the  ViewChild      ngAfterViewInit    void          ViewChild is available here  so get the JS API     this calendarApi   this calendar getApi           ngAfterViewChecked    void          The view has been checked and I know that the View object from        fullcalendar is available  so emit it      this calendarView  next this calendarApi view         Then  in my template  I just use the async pipe  No hacking with change detection  no errors  works smoothly    Please don t hesitate to ask if you need more details

User · Answer

TL DR  ngAfterViewInit         setTimeout      gt            this dateNow   new Date                Although this is a workaround  sometimes it s really hard to solve this issue in any nicer way  so don t blame yourself if you are using this approach  That s okay   Examples  The initial issue  link   Solved with setTimeout    link     How to avoid  In general this error usually happens after you add somewhere  even in parent child components  ngAfterViewInit  So first question is to ask yourself - can I live without ngAfterViewInit  Perhaps you move the code somewhere   ngAfterViewChecked might be an alternative    Example   link     Also   Also async stuff in ngAfterViewInit that affects DOM might cause this  Also can be solved via setTimeout or by adding the delay 0  operator in the pipe   ngAfterViewInit       this foo       pipe delay 0      delay  here is an alternative to setTimeout        subscribe        Example   link     Nice Reading  Good article about how to debug this and why it happens  link

User · Answer

In our case we FIXED by adding changeDetection into the component and call  detectChanges   in ngAfterContentChecked  code as follows   Component     selector   app-spinner     templateUrl     spinner component html     styleUrls      spinner component scss      changeDetection  ChangeDetectionStrategy OnPush    export class SpinnerComponent implements OnInit  OnDestroy  AfterContentChecked      show   false     private subscription  Subscription     constructor private spinnerService  SpinnerService  private changeDedectionRef  ChangeDetectorRef         ngOnInit         this subscription   this spinnerService spinnerState        subscribe  state  SpinnerState    gt            this show   state show                   ngAfterContentChecked    void         this changeDedectionRef detectChanges           ngOnDestroy         this subscription unsubscribe

User · Answer

A small work around I used many times  x000D   x000D  Promise resolve data  then      gt        console log     changement de la date du composant           this dateNow   new Date        this cdRef detectChanges        x000D   x000D   x000D

User · Answer

I got that error because I declared a variable and later wanted to  changed it s value using ngAfterViewInit     export class SomeComponent        header  string       to fix that I switched from  ngAfterViewInit              change variable value here        to  ngAfterContentInit             change variable value here

User · Answer

Run change detection explicitly after the change   import   ChangeDetectorRef   from   angular core    constructor private cdRef ChangeDetectorRef      ngAfterViewChecked       console log     changement de la date du composant         this dateNow   new Date      this cdRef detectChanges

User · Answer

Use a default form value to avoid the error   Instead of using the accepted answer of applying detectChanges   in ngAfterViewInit    which also solved the error in my case   I decided instead to save a default value for a dynamically required form field  so that when the form is later updated  it s validity is not changed if the user decides to change an option on the form that would trigger the new required fields  and cause the submit button to be disabled    This saved a tiny bit of code in my component  and in my case the error was avoided altogether

User · Answer

Move your code from ngAfterViewInit to ngAfterContentInit

[angular] How to manage Angular2 "expression has changed after it was checked" exception when a component property depends on current datetime

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