This might be what you are after, although depending on how many style_id's there are, it would be tricky to implement (not sure if those style_id's are static or not). If this is the case, then it is not really possible what you are wanting as the WHERE clause works on a row to row basis.
WITH cte as (
SELECT
image_id,
max(decode(style_id,24,style_value)) AS style_colour,
max(decode(style_id,25,style_value)) AS style_size,
max(decode(style_id,27,style_value)) AS style_shape
FROM
list
GROUP BY
image_id
)
SELECT
image_id
FROM
cte
WHERE
style_colour = 'red'
and style_size = 'big'
and style_shape = 'round'