Failed to load ApplicationContext for JUnit test of Spring controller

Question

I want to write a test case to check my controller  getPersons   This is a server side code  I have confusion what should i put inside  ContextConfiguration locations   file src main webapp WEB-INF app-contest xml     Secondly  I m getting some errors like this      Failed to load application context  Can not find the path  which I specified in  ContextConfiguration    I have a structure like this    restAPI      src main java       com company controller          personController java      Test       com company testController          personControllerTest java      src       main        webapp          WEBINF            app-context xml    Autowired private PersonService personService    RequestMapping value   t2  yy id  person   method RequestMethod GET   ResponseBody public PersonInfo   getPersons          return personService getPersons          This is my Test   RunWith SpringJUnit4ClassRunner class   ContextConfiguration locations   classpath WEB-INF app-context xml     WebAppConfiguration public class PersonControllerTest       Autowired private WebApplicationContext wac   private MockMvc mockMvc    Before public void setup         this mockMvc   MockMvcBuilders webAppContextSetup this wac  build        Autowired private PersonService personService    Test public void getPersons   throws Exception        this mockMvc perform get   t2 1 person                accept MediaType APPLICATION JSON                andExpect status   isOk            Trace  java lang IllegalStateException  Failed to load ApplicationContext     at org springframework test context TestContext getApplicationContext TestContext java 157      at org springframework test context web ServletTestExecutionListener setUpRequestContextIfNecessary ServletTestExecutionListener java 103      at org springframework test context web ServletTestExecutionListener prepareTestInstance ServletTestExecutionListener java 73      at org springframework test context TestContextManager prepareTestInstance TestContextManager java 313      at org springframework test context junit4 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner createTest SpringJUnit4ClassRunner java 211      at org springframework test context junit4 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner 1 runReflectiveCall SpringJUnit4ClassRunner java 288      at org junit internal runners model ReflectiveCallable run ReflectiveCallable java 12      at org springframework test context junit4 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner methodBlock SpringJUnit4ClassRunner java 284      at org springframework test context junit4 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner runChild SpringJUnit4ClassRunner java 231      at org springframework test context junit4 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner runChild SpringJUnit4ClassRunner java 88      at org junit runners ParentRunner 3 run ParentRunner java 238      at org junit runners ParentRunner 1 schedule ParentRunner java 63      at org junit runners ParentRunner runChildren ParentRunner java 236      at org junit runners ParentRunner access 000 ParentRunner java 53      at org junit runners ParentRunner 2 evaluate ParentRunner java 229      at org springframework test context junit4 statements RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks evaluate RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks java 61      at org springframework test context junit4 statements RunAfterTestClassCallbacks evaluate RunAfterTestClassCallbacks java 71      at org junit runners ParentRunner run ParentRunner java 309      at org springframework test context junit4 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner run SpringJUnit4ClassRunner java 174      at org eclipse jdt internal junit4 runner JUnit4TestReference run JUnit4TestReference java 50      at org eclipse jdt internal junit runner TestExecution run TestExecution java 38      at org eclipse jdt internal junit runner RemoteTestRunner runTests RemoteTestRunner java 467      at org eclipse jdt internal junit runner RemoteTestRunner runTests RemoteTestRunner java 683      at org eclipse jdt internal junit runner RemoteTestRunner run RemoteTestRunner java 390      at org eclipse jdt internal junit runner RemoteTestRunner main RemoteTestRunner java 197  Caused by  org springframework beans factory BeanDefinitionStoreException  IOException parsing XML document from class path resource  WEB-INF application-context xml   nested exception is java io FileNotFoundException  class path resource  WEB-INF application-context xml  cannot be opened because it does not exist     at org springframework beans factory xml XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions XmlBeanDefinitionReader java 341      at org springframework beans factory xml XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions XmlBeanDefinitionReader java 302      at org springframework beans factory support AbstractBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions AbstractBeanDefinitionReader java 174      at org springframework beans factory support AbstractBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions AbstractBeanDefinitionReader java 209      at org springframework beans factory support AbstractBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions AbstractBeanDefinitionReader java 180      at org springframework beans factory support AbstractBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions AbstractBeanDefinitionReader java 243      at org springframework test context web GenericXmlWebContextLoader loadBeanDefinitions GenericXmlWebContextLoader java 38      at org springframework test context web AbstractGenericWebContextLoader loadContext AbstractGenericWebContextLoader java 113      at org springframework test context web AbstractGenericWebContextLoader loadContext AbstractGenericWebContextLoader java 59      at org springframework test context support AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader delegateLoading AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader java 100      at org springframework test context support AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader loadContext AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader java 248      at org springframework test context TestContext loadApplicationContext TestContext java 124      at org springframework test context TestContext getApplicationContext TestContext java 148          24 more Caused by  java io FileNotFoundException  class path resource  WEB-INF app-context xml  cannot be opened because it does not exist     at org springframework core io ClassPathResource getInputStream ClassPathResource java 157      at org springframework beans factory xml XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions XmlBeanDefinitionReader java 328    Can some one please help me out to figure it out what s wrong here

User · Answer

There can be multiple root causes for this exception. For me, my mockMvc wasn't getting auto-configured. I solved this exception by using @WebMvcTest(MyController.class) at the class level. This annotation will disable full auto-configuration and instead apply only configuration relevant to MVC tests.

An alternative to this is, If you are looking to load your full application configuration and use MockMVC, you should consider @SpringBootTest combined with @AutoConfigureMockMvc rather than @WebMvcTest

User · Answer

As mentioned in duscusion  WEB-INF is not really a part of class path  If you use a common template such as maven  use src main resources or src test resources to place the app-context xml into  Then you can use  classpath     Place your config file into src main resources app-context xml and use code   RunWith SpringJUnit4ClassRunner class   ContextConfiguration locations    classpath app-context xml   public class PersonControllerTest           or you can make yout test context with different configuration of beans   Place your config file into src test resources test-app-context xml and use code   RunWith SpringJUnit4ClassRunner class   ContextConfiguration locations    classpath test-app-context xml   public class PersonControllerTest

User · Answer

Solved by adding the following dependency into pom xml file      lt dependency gt           lt groupId gt com h2database lt  groupId gt           lt artifactId gt h2 lt  artifactId gt           lt scope gt test lt  scope gt   lt  dependency gt

User · Answer

If you are using Maven  add the below config in your pom xml    lt build gt       lt testResources gt                   lt testResource gt                       lt directory gt src main webapp lt  directory gt                   lt  testResource gt       lt  testResources gt   lt  build gt    With this config  you will be able to access xml files in WEB-INF folder  From Maven POM Reference  The testResources element block contains testResource elements  Their definitions are similar to resource elements  but are naturally used during test phases

[spring] Failed to load ApplicationContext for JUnit test of Spring controller

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