My first suggestion would be use your calendar table, if you don't have one, then create one. They are very useful. Your query is then as simple as:
DECLARE @MinDate DATE = '20140101',
@MaxDate DATE = '20140106';
SELECT Date
FROM dbo.Calendar
WHERE Date >= @MinDate
AND Date < @MaxDate;
If you don't want to, or can't create a calendar table you can still do this on the fly without a recursive CTE:
DECLARE @MinDate DATE = '20140101',
@MaxDate DATE = '20140106';
SELECT TOP (DATEDIFF(DAY, @MinDate, @MaxDate) + 1)
Date = DATEADD(DAY, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY a.object_id) - 1, @MinDate)
FROM sys.all_objects a
CROSS JOIN sys.all_objects b;
For further reading on this see:
With regard to then using this sequence of dates in a cursor, I would really recommend you find another way. There is usually a set based alternative that will perform much better.
So with your data:
date | it_cd | qty
24-04-14 | i-1 | 10
26-04-14 | i-1 | 20
To get the quantity on 28-04-2014 (which I gather is your requirement), you don't actually need any of the above, you can simply use:
SELECT TOP 1 date, it_cd, qty
FROM T
WHERE it_cd = 'i-1'
AND Date <= '20140428'
ORDER BY Date DESC;
If you don't want it for a particular item:
SELECT date, it_cd, qty
FROM ( SELECT date,
it_cd,
qty,
RowNumber = ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY ic_id
ORDER BY date DESC)
FROM T
WHERE Date <= '20140428'
) T
WHERE RowNumber = 1;