When an error occurs in a Python script on Unix , an email is sent.
I have been asked to add {Testing Environment} to the subject line of the email if the IP address is 192.168.100.37 which is the testing server. This way we can have one version of a script and a way to tell if the email is coming from messed up data on the testing server.
However, when I google I keep finding this code:
import socket
socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())
However, that's giving me the IP address of 127.0.1.1. When I use ifconfig
I get this
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1c:c4:2c:c8:3e
inet addr:192.168.100.37 Bcast:192.168.100.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:75760697 errors:0 dropped:411180 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:23166399 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:59525958247 (59.5 GB) TX bytes:10142130096 (10.1 GB)
Interrupt:19 Memory:f0500000-f0520000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:25573544 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:25573544 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:44531490070 (44.5 GB) TX bytes:44531490070 (44.5 GB)
Firstly, I don't know where it got 127.0.1.1 from, but either way that's not what I want. When I google I keep coming to the same syntax, Bash scripts or netifaces and I'm trying to use standard libraries.
So how can I get the IP address of eth0 in Python?
This question is related to
python
unix
networking
nic
It worked for me
import subprocess
my_ip = subprocess.Popen(['ifconfig eth0 | awk "/inet /" | cut -d":" -f 2 | cut -d" " -f1'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)
(IP,errors) = my_ip.communicate()
my_ip.stdout.close()
print IP
try below code, it works for me in Mac10.10.2:
import subprocess
if __name__ == "__main__":
result = subprocess.check_output('ifconfig en0 |grep -w inet', shell=True) # you may need to use eth0 instead of en0 here!!!
print 'output = %s' % result.strip()
# result = None
ip = ''
if result:
strs = result.split('\n')
for line in strs:
# remove \t, space...
line = line.strip()
if line.startswith('inet '):
a = line.find(' ')
ipStart = a+1
ipEnd = line.find(' ', ipStart)
if a != -1 and ipEnd != -1:
ip = line[ipStart:ipEnd]
break
print 'ip = %s' % ip
Since most of the answers use ifconfig
to extract the IPv4 from the eth0 interface, which is deprecated in favor of ip addr
, the following code could be used instead:
import os
ipv4 = os.popen('ip addr show eth0 | grep "\<inet\>" | awk \'{ print $2 }\' | awk -F "/" \'{ print $1 }\'').read().strip()
ipv6 = os.popen('ip addr show eth0 | grep "\<inet6\>" | awk \'{ print $2 }\' | awk -F "/" \'{ print $1 }\'').read().strip()
Alternatively, you can shift part of the parsing task to the python interpreter by using split()
instead of grep and awk, as @serg points out in the comment:
import os
ipv4 = os.popen('ip addr show eth0').read().split("inet ")[1].split("/")[0]
ipv6 = os.popen('ip addr show eth0').read().split("inet6 ")[1].split("/")[0]
But in this case you have to check the bounds of the array returned by each split()
call.
Another version using regex:
import os
import re
ipv4 = re.search(re.compile(r'(?<=inet )(.*)(?=\/)', re.M), os.popen('ip addr show eth0').read()).groups()[0]
ipv6 = re.search(re.compile(r'(?<=inet6 )(.*)(?=\/)', re.M), os.popen('ip addr show eth0').read()).groups()[0]
Alternatively, if you want to get the IP address of whichever interface is used to connect to the network without having to know its name, you can use this:
import socket
def get_ip_address():
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.connect(("8.8.8.8", 80))
return s.getsockname()[0]
I know it's a little different than your question, but others may arrive here and find this one more useful. You do not have to have a route to 8.8.8.8 to use this. All it is doing is opening a socket, but not sending any data.
Building on the answer from @jeremyjjbrown, another version that cleans up after itself as mentioned in the comments to his answer. This version also allows providing a different server address for use on private internal networks, etc..
import socket
def get_my_ip_address(remote_server="google.com"):
"""
Return the/a network-facing IP number for this system.
"""
with socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) as s:
s.connect((remote_server, 80))
return s.getsockname()[0]
If you only need to work on Unix, you can use a system call (ref. Stack Overflow question Parse ifconfig to get only my IP address using Bash):
import os
f = os.popen('ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet\ addr" | cut -d: -f2 | cut -d" " -f1')
your_ip=f.read()
Yet another way of obtaining the IP Address from a NIC, using Python.
I had this as part of an app that I developed long time ago, and I didn't wanted to simply git rm script.py
. So, here I provide the approach, using subprocess
and list comprehensions for the sake of functional approach and less lines of code:
import subprocess as sp
__version__ = "v1.0"
__author__ = "@ivanleoncz"
def get_nic_ipv4(nic):
"""
Get IP address from a NIC.
Parameter
---------
nic : str
Network Interface Card used for the query.
Returns
-------
ipaddr : str
Ipaddress from the NIC provided as parameter.
"""
result = None
try:
result = sp.check_output(["ip", "-4", "addr", "show", nic],
stderr=sp.STDOUT)
except Exception:
return "Unkown NIC: %s" % nic
result = result.decode().splitlines()
ipaddr = [l.split()[1].split('/')[0] for l in result if "inet" in l]
return ipaddr[0]
Additionally, you can use a similar approach for obtaining a list of NICs:
def get_nics():
"""
Get all NICs from the Operating System.
Returns
-------
nics : list
All Network Interface Cards.
"""
result = sp.check_output(["ip", "addr", "show"])
result = result.decode().splitlines()
nics = [l.split()[1].strip(':') for l in result if l[0].isdigit()]
return nics
Here's the solution as a Gist.
And you would have something like this:
$ python3
Python 3.6.7 (default, Oct 22 2018, 11:32:17)
[GCC 8.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
>>>
>>> import helpers
>>>
>>> helpers.get_nics()
['lo', 'enp1s0', 'wlp2s0', 'docker0']
>>> helpers.get_nic_ipv4('docker0')
'172.17.0.1'
>>> helpers.get_nic_ipv4('docker2')
'Unkown NIC: docker2'
This is the result of ifconfig:
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.2.24 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255
inet6 fe80::88e9:4d2:c057:2d5f prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether b8:27:eb:d0:9a:f3 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 261861 bytes 250818555 (239.1 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 6 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 299436 bytes 280053853 (267.0 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 74 bytes 16073 (15.6 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 74 bytes 16073 (15.6 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
wlan0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether b8:27:eb:85:cf:a6 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
pi@raspberrypi:~ $
Cutting a bit the output, we have:
pi@raspberrypi:~ $
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet 192" | cut -c 14-25
192.168.2.24
pi@raspberrypi:~ $
pi@raspberrypi:~ $
Now, we can go to python and do:
import os
mine = os.popen('ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet 192" | cut -c 14-25')
myip = mine.read()
print (myip)
A simple approach which returns a string with ip-addresses for the interfaces is:
from subprocess import check_output
ips = check_output(['hostname', '--all-ip-addresses'])
for more info see hostname.
This will gather all IPs on the host and filter out loopback/link-local and IPv6. This can also be edited to allow for IPv6 only, or both IPv4 and IPv6, as well as allowing loopback/link-local in IP list.
from socket import getaddrinfo, gethostname
import ipaddress
def get_ip(ip_addr_proto="ipv4", ignore_local_ips=True):
# By default, this method only returns non-local IPv4 Addresses
# To return IPv6 only, call get_ip('ipv6')
# To return both IPv4 and IPv6, call get_ip('both')
# To return local IPs, call get_ip(None, False)
# Can combime options like so get_ip('both', False)
af_inet = 2
if ip_addr_proto == "ipv6":
af_inet = 30
elif ip_addr_proto == "both":
af_inet = 0
system_ip_list = getaddrinfo(gethostname(), None, af_inet, 1, 0)
ip_list = []
for ip in system_ip_list:
ip = ip[4][0]
try:
ipaddress.ip_address(str(ip))
ip_address_valid = True
except ValueError:
ip_address_valid = False
else:
if ipaddress.ip_address(ip).is_loopback and ignore_local_ips or ipaddress.ip_address(ip).is_link_local and ignore_local_ips:
pass
elif ip_address_valid:
ip_list.append(ip)
return ip_list
print(f"Your IP Address is: {get_ip()}")
Returns Your IP Address is: ['192.168.1.118']
If I run get_ip('both', False), it returns
Your IP Address is: ['::1', 'fe80::1', '127.0.0.1', '192.168.1.118', 'fe80::cb9:d2dd:a505:423a']
Find the IP address of the first eth/wlan entry in ifconfig that's RUNNING:
import itertools
import os
import re
def get_ip():
f = os.popen('ifconfig')
for iface in [' '.join(i) for i in iter(lambda: list(itertools.takewhile(lambda l: not l.isspace(),f)), [])]:
if re.findall('^(eth|wlan)[0-9]',iface) and re.findall('RUNNING',iface):
ip = re.findall('(?<=inet\saddr:)[0-9\.]+',iface)
if ip:
return ip[0]
return False
Source: Stackoverflow.com