How can I get the IP address from NIC in Python

Question

When an error occurs in a Python script on Unix   an email is sent   I have been asked to add  Testing Environment  to the subject line of the email if the IP address is 192 168 100 37 which is the testing server  This way we can have one version of a script and a way to tell if the email is coming from messed up data on the testing server   However  when I google I keep finding this code   import socket socket gethostbyname socket gethostname      However  that s giving me the IP address of 127 0 1 1  When I use ifconfig I get this  eth0      Link encap Ethernet  HWaddr 00 1c c4 2c c8 3e           inet addr 192 168 100 37  Bcast 192 168 100 255  Mask 255 255 255 0           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU 1500  Metric 1           RX packets 75760697 errors 0 dropped 411180 overruns 0 frame 0           TX packets 23166399 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0           collisions 0 txqueuelen 1000           RX bytes 59525958247  59 5 GB   TX bytes 10142130096  10 1 GB            Interrupt 19 Memory f0500000-f0520000  lo        Link encap Local Loopback           inet addr 127 0 0 1  Mask 255 0 0 0           UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU 16436  Metric 1           RX packets 25573544 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0           TX packets 25573544 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0           collisions 0 txqueuelen 0           RX bytes 44531490070  44 5 GB   TX bytes 44531490070  44 5 GB    Firstly  I don t know where it got 127 0 1 1 from  but either way that s not what I want  When I google I keep coming to the same syntax  Bash scripts or netifaces and I m trying to use standard libraries   So how can I get the IP address of eth0 in Python

User · Answer

Building on the answer from  jeremyjjbrown  another version that cleans up after itself as mentioned in the comments to his answer  This version also allows providing a different server address for use on private internal networks  etc    import socket  def get my ip address remote server  google com                Return the a network-facing IP number for this system              with socket socket socket AF INET  socket SOCK DGRAM  as s           s connect  remote server  80           return s getsockname   0

User · Answer

Yet another way of obtaining the IP Address from a NIC  using Python   I had this as part of an app that I developed long time ago  and I didn t wanted to simply git rm script py  So  here I provide the approach  using subprocess and list comprehensions for the sake of functional approach and less lines of code   import subprocess as sp    version      v1 0                                                                author       ivanleoncz   def get nic ipv4 nic                                                                             Get IP address from a NIC                                                         Parameter         ---------         nic   str             Network Interface Card used for the query                                     Returns                                                                          -------                                                                          ipaddr   str             Ipaddress from the NIC provided as parameter                                                                                                              result   None                                                                    try                                                                                  result   sp check output   ip    -4    addr    show   nic                                                                  stderr sp STDOUT      except Exception          return  Unkown NIC   s    nic     result   result decode   splitlines       ipaddr    l split   1  split      0  for l in result if  inet  in l              return ipaddr 0    Additionally  you can use a similar approach for obtaining a list of NICs   def get nics                                                                                                                                                              Get all NICs from the Operating System                                            Returns                                                                          -------                                                                          nics   list                                                                          All Network Interface Cards                                                                                                                               result   sp check output   ip    addr    show                                    result   result decode   splitlines                                              nics    l split   1  strip      for l in result if l 0  isdigit                  return nics                                                   Here s the solution as a Gist   And you would have something like this     python3 Python 3 6 7  default  Oct 22 2018  11 32 17    GCC 8 2 0  on linux Type  help    copyright    credits  or  license  for more information   gt  gt  gt    gt  gt  gt    gt  gt  gt  import helpers  gt  gt  gt    gt  gt  gt  helpers get nics     lo    enp1s0    wlp2s0    docker0    gt  gt  gt  helpers get nic ipv4  docker0    172 17 0 1   gt  gt  gt  helpers get nic ipv4  docker2    Unkown NIC  docker2

User · Answer

Alternatively  if you want to get the IP address of whichever interface is used to connect to the network without having to know its name  you can use this   import socket def get ip address        s   socket socket socket AF INET  socket SOCK DGRAM      s connect   8 8 8 8   80       return s getsockname   0    I know it s a little different than your question  but others may arrive here and find this one more useful  You do not have to have a route to 8 8 8 8 to use this  All it is doing is opening a socket  but not sending any data

User · Answer

This will gather all IPs on the host and filter out loopback link-local and IPv6  This can also be edited to allow for IPv6 only  or both IPv4 and IPv6  as well as allowing loopback link-local in IP list  from socket import getaddrinfo  gethostname import ipaddress  def get ip ip addr proto  quot ipv4 quot   ignore local ips True         By default  this method only returns non-local IPv4 Addresses       To return IPv6 only  call get ip  ipv6         To return both IPv4 and IPv6  call get ip  both         To return local IPs  call get ip None  False        Can combime options like so get ip  both   False       af inet   2     if ip addr proto     quot ipv6 quot           af inet   30     elif ip addr proto     quot both quot           af inet   0      system ip list   getaddrinfo gethostname    None  af inet  1  0      ip list           for ip in system ip list          ip   ip 4  0           try              ipaddress ip address str ip               ip address valid   True         except ValueError              ip address valid   False         else              if ipaddress ip address ip  is loopback and ignore local ips or ipaddress ip address ip  is link local and ignore local ips                  pass             elif ip address valid                  ip list append ip       return ip list  print f quot Your IP Address is   get ip    quot    Returns Your IP Address is    192 168 1 118   If I run get ip  both   False   it returns Your IP Address is      1    fe80  1    127 0 0 1    192 168 1 118    fe80  cb9 d2dd a505 423a

User · Answer

try below code  it works for me in Mac10 10 2   import subprocess  if   name         main         result   subprocess check output  ifconfig en0  grep -w inet   shell True    you may need to use eth0 instead of en0 here        print  output    s    result strip         result   None     ip          if result          strs   result split   n           for line in strs                remove  t  space                line   line strip               if line startswith  inet                     a   line find                      ipStart   a 1                 ipEnd   line find      ipStart                  if a    -1 and ipEnd    -1                      ip   line ipStart ipEnd                      break     print  ip    s    ip

User · Answer

This is the result of ifconfig   pi raspberrypi     ifconfig eth0  flags 4163 lt UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST gt   mtu 1500         inet 192 168 2 24  netmask 255 255 255 0  broadcast 192 168 2 255         inet6 fe80  88e9 4d2 c057 2d5f  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20 lt link gt          ether b8 27 eb d0 9a f3  txqueuelen 1000   Ethernet          RX packets 261861  bytes 250818555  239 1 MiB          RX errors 0  dropped 6  overruns 0  frame 0         TX packets 299436  bytes 280053853  267 0 MiB          TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0  lo  flags 73 lt UP LOOPBACK RUNNING gt   mtu 65536         inet 127 0 0 1  netmask 255 0 0 0         inet6   1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10 lt host gt          loop  txqueuelen 1000   Local Loopback          RX packets 74  bytes 16073  15 6 KiB          RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0         TX packets 74  bytes 16073  15 6 KiB          TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0  wlan0  flags 4099 lt UP BROADCAST MULTICAST gt   mtu 1500         ether b8 27 eb 85 cf a6  txqueuelen 1000   Ethernet          RX packets 0  bytes 0  0 0 B          RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0         TX packets 0  bytes 0  0 0 B          TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0  pi raspberrypi        Cutting a bit the output  we have   pi raspberrypi      pi raspberrypi     ifconfig eth0   grep  inet 192    cut -c 14-25 192 168 2 24 pi raspberrypi      pi raspberrypi        Now  we can go to python and do   import os mine   os popen  ifconfig eth0   grep  inet 192    cut -c 14-25   myip   mine read   print  myip

User · Answer

Since most of the answers use ifconfig to extract the IPv4 from the eth0 interface  which is deprecated in favor of ip addr  the following code could be used instead   import os  ipv4   os popen  ip addr show eth0   grep    lt inet  gt     awk     print  2       awk -F         print  1       read   strip   ipv6   os popen  ip addr show eth0   grep    lt inet6  gt     awk     print  2       awk -F         print  1       read   strip     UPDATE   Alternatively  you can shift part of the parsing task to the python interpreter by using split   instead of grep and awk  as  serg points out in the comment   import os  ipv4   os popen  ip addr show eth0   read   split  inet    1  split      0  ipv6   os popen  ip addr show eth0   read   split  inet6    1  split      0    But in this case you have to check the bounds of the array returned by each split   call   UPDATE 2   Another version using regex   import os import re  ipv4   re search re compile r    lt  inet               re M   os popen  ip addr show eth0   read    groups   0  ipv6   re search re compile r    lt  inet6               re M   os popen  ip addr show eth0   read    groups   0

User · Answer

If you only need to work on Unix  you can use a system call  ref  Stack nbsp Overflow question Parse ifconfig to get only my IP address using Bash    import os f   os popen  ifconfig eth0   grep  inet  addr    cut -d  -f2   cut -d    -f1   your ip f read

User · Answer

Two methods   Method  1  use external package   You need to ask for the IP address that is bound to your eth0 interface  This is available from the netifaces package  import netifaces as ni ni ifaddresses  eth0   ip   ni ifaddresses  eth0   ni AF INET  0   addr   print ip    should print  192 168 100 37    You can also get a list of all available interfaces via  ni interfaces     Method  2  no external package   Here s a way to get the IP address without using a python package   import socket import fcntl import struct  def get ip address ifname       s   socket socket socket AF INET  socket SOCK DGRAM      return socket inet ntoa fcntl ioctl          s fileno            0x8915     SIOCGIFADDR         struct pack  256s   ifname  15         20 24    get ip address  eth0       192 168 0 110    Note  detecting the IP address to determine what environment you are using is quite a hack  Almost all frameworks provide a very simple way to set modify an environment variable to indicate the current environment  Try and take a look at your documentation for this  It should be as simple as doing  if app config  ENV       production      send production email else     send development email

User · Answer

Find the IP address of the first eth wlan entry in ifconfig that s RUNNING   import itertools import os import re  def get ip        f   os popen  ifconfig       for iface in      join i  for i in iter lambda  list itertools takewhile lambda l  not l isspace   f                  if re findall    eth wlan  0-9   iface  and re findall  RUNNING  iface               ip   re findall     lt  inet saddr   0-9      iface              if ip                  return ip 0      return False

User · Answer

A simple approach which returns a string with ip-addresses for the interfaces is   from subprocess import check output  ips   check output   hostname    --all-ip-addresses      for more info see hostname

User · Answer

It worked for me    import subprocess  my ip   subprocess Popen   ifconfig eth0   awk   inet      cut -d    -f 2   cut -d    -f1    stdout subprocess PIPE  shell True    IP errors    my ip communicate    my ip stdout close    print IP

[python] How can I get the IP address from NIC in Python?

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