Android 8 0 java lang IllegalStateException Not allowed to start service Intent

Question

On application launch  app starts the service that should to do some network task  After targeting API level 26  my application fails to start service on Android 8 0 on background       Caused by  java lang IllegalStateException  Not allowed to start   service Intent     cmp my app tt com my service      app is in background uid UidRecord 90372b1 u0a136 CEM  idle procs 1   seq 0 0 0     as I understand it related to  Background execution limits     The startService   method now throws an IllegalStateException if an   app targeting Android 8 0 tries to use that method in a situation when   it isn t permitted to create background services     in a situation when it isn t permitted  - what it s actually mean   And how to fix it  I don t want to set my service as  foreground

User · Answer

Due to controversial votes on this answer (+4/-4 as of this edit), PLEASE LOOK AT THE OTHER ANSWERS FIRST AND USE THIS ONLY AS A LAST RESORT. I only used this once for a networking app that runs as root and I agree with the general opinion that this solution should not be used under normal circumstances.

Original answer below:

The other answers are all correct, but I'd like to point out that another way to get around this is to ask user to disable battery optimizations for your app (this isn't usually a good idea unless your app is system related). See this answer for how to request to opt out of battery optimizations without getting your app banned in Google Play.

You should also check whether battery optimizations are turned off in your receiver to prevent crashes via:

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 26 || getSystemService<PowerManager>()
        ?.isIgnoringBatteryOptimizations(packageName) != false) {
    startService(Intent(context, MyService::class.java))
} // else calling startService will result in crash

User · Answer

In Oreo Android defined limits to background services   To improve the user experience  Android 8 0  API level 26  imposes limitations on what apps can do while running in the background   Still if you need always running service  then you can use foreground service   Background Service Limitations  While an app is idle  there are limits to its use of background services  This does not apply to foreground services  which are more noticeable to the user   So you can make a foreground service  You will need to show a notification to user when your service is running  See this answer  There are many others  A solution if - you don t want a notification for your service   You can make periodic task  1  it starts your service  2  service will do its work and 3  stops itself  By this your app will not be considered battery draining   You can use periodic task with Alarm Manager  Job Scheduler  Evernote-Jobs or Work Manager   Work manager is best solution for periodic tasks  Which was introduced with Android Architecture Component  Unlike Job-Scheduler only  gt 21 API  it will work for all versions  Also it starts work after a Doze-Standby mode  Make a Android Boot Receiver for scheduling service after device boot   I have tested forever running service with Work-Manager

User · Answer

if you have integrated firebase messaging push notification then         Add new update firebase messaging dependencies for android O  Android 8 0   due to Background Execution Limits   compile  com google firebase firebase-messaging 11 4 0    upgrade google play services and google repositories if needed   Update    compile  com google firebase firebase-messaging 11 4 2

User · Answer

I got solution  For pre-8 0 devices  you have to just use startService    but for post-7 0 devices  you have to use startForgroundService    Here is sample for code to start service  if  Build VERSION SDK INT  gt   Build VERSION CODES O            context startForegroundService new Intent context  ServedService class          else           context startService new Intent context  ServedService class           And in service class  please add the code below for notification   Override public void onCreate         super onCreate        startForeground 1 new Notification        Where O is Android version 26  If you don t want your service to run in Foreground and want it to run in background instead  post Android O you must bind the service to a connection like below  Intent serviceIntent   new Intent context  ServedService class   context startService serviceIntent   context bindService serviceIntent  new ServiceConnection           Override      public void onServiceConnected ComponentName name  IBinder service               retrieve an instance of the service here from the IBinder returned             from the onBind method to communicate with                Override      public void onServiceDisconnected ComponentName name              Context BIND AUTO CREATE

User · Answer

i had this problem too added this library implementation  androidx localbroadcastmanager localbroadcastmanager 1 0 0   and reinstalled the app solved this for me

User · Answer

If you are running your code on 8 0 then application will crash  So start the service in the foreground  If below 8 0 use this    Intent serviceIntent   new Intent context  RingtonePlayingService class   context startService serviceIntent     If above or 8 0 then use this     Intent serviceIntent   new Intent context  RingtonePlayingService class   ContextCompat startForegroundService context  serviceIntent

User · Answer

As  kosev said in his answer you can use JobIntentService  But I use an alternative solution - I catch IllegalStateException and start the service as foreground   For example  this function starts my service    JvmStatic protected fun startService intentAction  String  serviceType  Class lt   gt   intentExtraSetup   Intent  - gt  Unit        val context   App context     val intent   Intent context  serviceType      intent action   intentAction     intentExtraSetup intent      intent putExtra NEED FOREGROUND KEY  false       try           context startService intent            catch  ex  IllegalStateException            intent putExtra NEED FOREGROUND KEY  true          if Build VERSION SDK INT  gt   Build VERSION CODES O                context startForegroundService intent                    else               context startService intent                      and when I process Intent I do such thing   override fun onHandleIntent intent  Intent         val needToMoveToForeground   intent  getBooleanExtra NEED FOREGROUND KEY  false     false     if needToMoveToForeground            val notification   notificationService createSyncServiceNotification           startForeground notification second  notification first           isInForeground   true            intent  let           getTask it   process

User · Answer

If any intent was previously working fine when the app is in the background  it won t be the case any more from Android 8 and above  Only referring to intent which has to do some processing when app is in the background   The below steps have to be followed    Above mentioned intent should be using JobIntentService instead of IntentService  The class which extends JobIntentService should implement the - onHandleWork  NonNull Intent intent  method and should have below the method  which will invoke the onHandleWork method   public static void enqueueWork Context context  Intent work        enqueueWork context  xyz class  123  work      Call enqueueWork Context  intent  from the class where your intent is defined   Sample code   Public class A               Intent intent   new Intent Context  B class         startService intent        B enqueueWork Context  intent           The below class was previously extending the Service class   Public Class B extends JobIntentService           public static void enqueueWork Context context  Intent work            enqueueWork context  B class  JobId  work              protected void onHandleWork  NonNull Intent intent                                       com android support support-compat is needed for JobIntentService - I use 26 1 0 V  Most important is to ensure the Firebase libraries version is on at least 10 2 1  I had issues with 10 2 0 - if you have any  Your manifest should have the below permission for the Service class   service android name   B  android exported  false  android permission  android permission BIND JOB SERVICE     Hope this helps

User · Answer

The permitted situations are a temporary whitelist where the background service behaves the same as before Android O      Under certain circumstances  a background app is placed on a temporary whitelist for several minutes  While an app is on the whitelist  it can launch services without limitation  and its background services are permitted to run  An app is placed on the whitelist when it handles a task that s visible to the user  such as          Handling a high-priority Firebase Cloud Messaging  FCM  message    Receiving a broadcast  such as an SMS MMS message    Executing a PendingIntent from a notification    Starting a VpnService before the VPN app promotes itself to the foreground       Source  https   developer android com about versions oreo background html  So in other words if your background service does not meet the whitelist requirements you have to use the new JobScheduler  It s basically the same as a background service  but it gets called periodically instead of running in the background continuously   If you re using an IntentService  you can change to a JobIntentService  See  kosev s answer below

User · Answer

I see a lot of responses that recommend just using a ForegroundService   In order to use a ForegroundService there has to be a notification associated with it   Users will see this notification   Depending on the situation  they may become annoyed with your app and uninstall it     The easiest solution is to use the new Architecture Component called WorkManager   You can check out the documentation here  https   developer android com topic libraries architecture workmanager   You just define your worker class that extends Worker   public class CompressWorker extends Worker        public CompressWorker           NonNull Context context           NonNull WorkerParameters params            super context  params               Override     public Worker Result doWork                 Do the work here--in this case  compress the stored images             In this example no parameters are passed  the task is            assumed to be  compress the whole library           myCompress                Indicate success or failure with your return value          return Result SUCCESS               Returning RETRY tells WorkManager to try this task again            later  FAILURE says not to try again             Then you schedule when you want to run it       OneTimeWorkRequest compressionWork            new OneTimeWorkRequest Builder CompressWorker class               build        WorkManager getInstance   enqueue compressionWork     Easy  There are a lot of ways you can configure workers   It supports recurring jobs and you can even do complex stuff like chaining if you need it   Hope this helps

User · Answer

From the firebase release notes  they state that support for Android O was first released in 10 2 1  although I d recommend using the most recent version    please add new firebase messaging dependencies for android O  compile  com google firebase firebase-messaging 11 6 2    upgrade google play services and google repositories if needed

User · Answer

If the service is running in a background thread by extending IntentService  you can replace IntentService with JobIntentService which is provided as part of Android Support Library  The advantage of using JobIntentService is  it behaves as an IntentService on pre-O devices and on O and higher  it dispatches it as a job  JobScheduler can also be used for periodic on demand jobs  But  ensure to handle backward compatibility as JobScheduler API is available only from API 21

User · Answer

The best way is to use JobIntentService which uses the new JobScheduler for Oreo or the old services if not available   Declare in your manifest    lt service android name   YourService           android permission  android permission BIND JOB SERVICE   gt    And in your service you have to replace onHandleIntent with onHandleWork   public class YourService extends JobIntentService        public static final int JOB ID   1       public static void enqueueWork Context context  Intent work            enqueueWork context  YourService class  JOB ID  work               Override     protected void onHandleWork  NonNull Intent intent               your code            Then you start your service with   YourService enqueueWork context  new Intent

User · Answer

Alternate solution by using JobScheduler  it can start service in background in regular interval of time  Firstly make class named as Util java import android app job JobInfo  import android app job JobScheduler  import android content ComponentName  import android content Context   public class Util      schedule the start of the service every 10 - 30 seconds public static void schedulerJob Context context        ComponentName serviceComponent   new ComponentName context TestJobService class       JobInfo Builder builder   new JobInfo Builder 0 serviceComponent       builder setMinimumLatency 1 1000         wait at least     builder setOverrideDeadline 3 1000      delay time     builder setRequiredNetworkType JobInfo NETWORK TYPE UNMETERED       require unmetered network     builder setRequiresCharging false       we don t care if the device is charging or not     builder setRequiresDeviceIdle true      device should be idle     System out println  quot  scheduler Job quot         JobScheduler jobScheduler   null      if  android os Build VERSION SDK INT  gt   android os Build VERSION CODES M            jobScheduler   context getSystemService JobScheduler class             jobScheduler schedule builder build               Then  make JobService class named as TestJobService java import android app job JobParameters  import android app job JobService  import android widget Toast               JobService to be scheduled by the JobScheduler       start another service        public class TestJobService extends JobService    Override public boolean onStartJob JobParameters params        Util schedulerJob getApplicationContext        reschedule the job     Toast makeText this   quot Bg Service quot   Toast LENGTH SHORT  show        return true      Override public boolean onStopJob JobParameters params        return true          After that BroadCast Receiver class named ServiceReceiver java import android content BroadcastReceiver  import android content Context  import android content Intent    public class ServiceReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver     Override public void onReceive Context context  Intent intent        Util schedulerJob context         Update Manifest file with service and receiver class code  lt receiver android name  quot  ServiceReceiver quot   gt           lt intent-filter gt               lt action android name  quot android intent action BOOT COMPLETED quot    gt           lt  intent-filter gt       lt  receiver gt       lt service         android name  quot  TestJobService quot          android label  quot Word service quot          android permission  quot android permission BIND JOB SERVICE quot   gt        lt  service gt   Left main intent launcher to mainActivity java file which is created by default   and changes in MainActivity java file are import android support v7 app AppCompatActivity  import android os Bundle   public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity     Override protected void onCreate Bundle savedInstanceState        super onCreate savedInstanceState       setContentView R layout activity main       Util schedulerJob getApplicationContext             WOOAAH   Background Service starts without Foreground service  Edit   You can use Work Manager for any type of background tasks in Android

User · Answer

Use startForegroundService   instead of startService   and don t forget to create startForeground 1 new Notification     in your service within 5 seconds of starting service

User · Answer

Yeah  that s because you can t start services in the background anymore on API 26  So you can start ForegroundService above API 26   You ll have to use   ContextCompat startForegroundService        and post a notification while processing the leak

User · Answer

it s actually happening because the phone is on offscreen  or you pressed the power button while starting the service  solution for this which worked for me is to start an activity and when it will go in onResume then start the service  in my case  it was booting up and starting a service

User · Answer

don t use in onStartCommand   return START NOT STICKY   just change it to   return START STICKY   and it s will working

[android] Android 8.0: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Not allowed to start service Intent

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