How to create a video from images with FFmpeg

Question

ffmpeg -r 1 5 -start number 2 -i img 03d png -c v libx264 -r 30 -pix fmt yuv420p out mp4   This line worked fine but I want to create a video file from images in another folder  Image names in my folder are   img001 jpg img002 jpg img003 jpg       How could I input images files from a different folder  Example  C  mypics  I tried this command but ffmpeg generated a video with the first image  img001 jpg  only   ffmpeg -r 1 5 -start number 0 -i C  myimages img 03d png -c v libx264 -r 30 -pix fmt yuv420p out mp4

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To create frames from video  ffmpeg ffmpeg -i  video  test thumb 04d jpg -hide banner  Optional  remove frames you don t want in output video  more accurate than trimming video with -ss  amp  -t  Then create video from image frames eg   ffmpeg ffmpeg -framerate 30 -start number 56 -i test thumb 04d jpg -vf format yuv420p test output mp4

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-pattern type glob  This great option makes it easier to select the images in many cases   Slideshow video with one image per second  ffmpeg -framerate 1 -pattern type glob -i    png      -c v libx264 -r 30 -pix fmt yuv420p out mp4   Add some music to it  cutoff when the presumably longer audio when the images end   ffmpeg -framerate 1 -pattern type glob -i    png  -i audio ogg     -c a copy -shortest -c v libx264 -r 30 -pix fmt yuv420p out mp4   Here are two demos on YouTube    https   www youtube com watch v grV64VE1U6c https   www youtube com watch v  6D05gCWh I   Be a hippie and use the Theora patent-unencumbered video format   ffmpeg -framerate 1 -pattern type glob -i    png  -i audio ogg     -c a copy -shortest -c v libtheora -r 30 -pix fmt yuv420p out ogg   Your images should of course be sorted alphabetically  typically as   0001-first-thing jpg 0002-second-thing jpg 0003-and-third jpg   and so on   I would also first ensure that all images to be used have the same aspect ratio  possibly by cropping them with imagemagick or nomacs beforehand  so that ffmpeg will not have to make hard decisions  In particular  the width has to be divisible by 2  otherwise conversion fails with   width not divisible by 2    Normal speed video with one image per frame at 30 FPS  ffmpeg -framerate 30 -pattern type glob -i    png      -c v libx264 -pix fmt yuv420p out mp4   Here s what it looks like     GIF generated with  https   askubuntu com questions 648603 how-to-create-an-animated-gif-from-mp4-video-via-command-line 837574 837574  Add some audio to it   ffmpeg -framerate 30 -pattern type glob -i    png      -i audio ogg -c a copy -shortest -c v libx264 -pix fmt yuv420p out mp4   Result  https   www youtube com watch v HG7c7lldhM4  These are the test media I ve used a  wget -O opengl-rotating-triangle zip https   github com cirosantilli media blob master opengl-rotating-triangle zip raw true unzip opengl-rotating-triangle zip cd opengl-rotating-triangle wget -O audio ogg https   upload wikimedia org wikipedia commons 7 74 Alnitaque  26 Moon Shot - EURO  28Extended Mix 29 ogg   Images generated with  How to use GLUT OpenGL to render to a file   It is cool to observe how much the video compresses the image sequence way better than ZIP as it is able to compress across frames with specialized algorithms    opengl-rotating-triangle mp4  340K  opengl-rotating-triangle zip  7 3M    Convert one music file to a video with a fixed image for YouTube upload  Answered at  https   superuser com questions 700419 how-to-convert-mp3-to-youtube-allowed-video-format 1472572 1472572  Full realistic slideshow case study setup step by step  There s a bit more to creating slideshows than running a single ffmpeg command  so here goes a more interesting detailed example inspired by this timeline   Get the input media   mkdir -p orig cd orig wget -O 1 png https   upload wikimedia org wikipedia commons 2 22 Australopithecus afarensis png wget -O 2 jpg https   upload wikimedia org wikipedia commons 6 61 Homo habilis-2 JPG wget -O 3 jpg https   upload wikimedia org wikipedia commons c cb Homo erectus new JPG wget -O 4 png https   upload wikimedia org wikipedia commons 1 1f Homo heidelbergensis - forensic facial reconstruction-crop png wget -O 5 jpg https   upload wikimedia org wikipedia commons thumb 5 5a Sabaa Nissan Militiaman jpg 450px-Sabaa Nissan Militiaman jpg wget -O audio ogg https   upload wikimedia org wikipedia commons 7 74 Alnitaque  26 Moon Shot - EURO  28Extended Mix 29 ogg cd       Convert all to PNG for consistency    https   unix stackexchange com questions 29869 converting-multiple-image-files-from-jpeg-to-pdf-format   Hardlink the ones that are already PNG  mkdir -p png mogrify -format png -path png orig   jpg ln -P orig   png png   Now we have a quick look at all image sizes to decide on the final aspect ratio   identify png     which outputs   png 1 png PNG 557x495 557x495 0 0 8-bit sRGB 653KB 0 000u 0 00 000 png 2 png PNG 664x800 664x800 0 0 8-bit sRGB 853KB 0 000u 0 00 000 png 3 png PNG 544x680 544x680 0 0 8-bit sRGB 442KB 0 000u 0 00 000 png 4 png PNG 207x238 207x238 0 0 8-bit sRGB 76 8KB 0 000u 0 00 000 png 5 png PNG 450x600 450x600 0 0 8-bit sRGB 627KB 0 000u 0 00 000   so the classic 480p  640x480    4 3  aspect ratio seems appropriate    Do one conversion with minimal resizing to make widths even  TODO automate for any width  here I just manually looked at identify output and reduced width and height by one    mkdir -p raw convert png 1 png -resize 556x494 raw 1 png ln -P png 2 png png 3 png png 4 png png 5 png raw ffmpeg -framerate 1 -pattern type glob -i  raw   png  -i orig audio ogg -c v libx264 -c a copy -shortest -r 30 -pix fmt yuv420p raw mp4     This produces terrible output  because as seen from   ffprobe raw mp4   ffmpeg just takes the size of the first image  556x494  and then converts all others to that exact size  breaking their aspect ratio   Now let s convert the images to the target 480p aspect ratio automatically by cropping as per ImageMagick  how to minimally crop an image to a certain aspect ratio   mkdir -p auto mogrify -path auto -geometry 640x480  -gravity center -crop 640x480 0 0 png   png ffmpeg -framerate 1 -pattern type glob -i  auto   png  -i orig audio ogg -c v libx264 -c a copy -shortest -r 30 -pix fmt yuv420p auto mp4     So now  the aspect ratio is good  but inevitably some cropping had to be done  which kind of cut up interesting parts of the images   The other option is to pad with black background to have the same aspect ratio as shown at  Resize to fit in a box and set background to black on  quot empty quot  part  mkdir -p black ffmpeg -framerate 1 -pattern type glob -i  black   png  -i orig audio ogg -c v libx264 -c a copy -shortest -r 30 -pix fmt yuv420p black mp4     Generally speaking though  you will ideally be able to select images with the same or similar aspect ratios to avoid those problems in the first place   About the CLI options  Note however that despite the name  -glob this is not as general as shell Glob patters  e g   -i     fails  https   trac ffmpeg org ticket 3620  apparently because filetype is deduced from extension    -r 30 makes the -framerate 1 video 30 FPS to overcome bugs in players like VLC for low framerates  VLC freezes for low 1 FPS video created from images with ffmpeg Therefore it repeats each frame 30 times to keep the desired 1 image per second effect   Next steps  You will also want to    cut up the part of the audio that you want before joining it  Cutting the videos based on start and end time using ffmpeg  ffmpeg -i in mp3 -ss 03 10 -to 03 30 -c copy out mp3    TODO  learn to cut and concatenate multiple audio files into the video without intermediate files  I m pretty sure it s possible    ffmpeg cut and concat single command line https   video stackexchange com questions 21315 concatenating-split-media-files-using-concat-protocol https   superuser com questions 587511 concatenate-multiple-wav-files-using-single-command-without-extra-file   Tested on  ffmpeg 3 4 4  vlc 3 0 3  Ubuntu 18 04   Bibliography   http   trac ffmpeg org wiki Slideshow official wiki

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cat   png   ffmpeg -f image2pipe -i - output mp4  from wiki

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Simple Version from the Docs  Works particularly great for Google Earth Studio images    ffmpeg -framerate 24 -i Project 03d png Project mp4

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See the Create a video slideshow from images     FFmpeg     If your video does not show the frames correctly If you encounter problems  such as the first image is skipped or only shows for one frame  then use the fps video filter instead of -r for the output framerate   ffmpeg -r 1 5 -i img 03d png -c v libx264 -vf fps 25 -pix fmt yuv420p out mp4      Alternatively the format video filter can be added to the filter chain to replace -pix fmt yuv420p like  fps 25 format yuv420p   The advantage of this method is that you can control which filter goes first   ffmpeg -r 1 5 -i img 03d png -c v libx264 -vf  fps 25 format yuv420p  out mp4   I tested below parameters  it worked for me   e  ffmpeg ffmpeg exe  -r 1 5 -start number 0 -i  E  images 01 padlock 3d png  -c v libx264 -vf  fps 25 format yuv420p  e  out mp4   below parameters also worked but it always skips the first image   e  ffmpeg ffmpeg exe  -r 1 5 -start number 0 -i  E  images 01 padlock 3d png  -c v libx264 -r 30 -pix fmt yuv420p e  out mp4   making a video from images placed in different folders  First  add image paths to imagepaths txt like below     this is a comment details https   trac ffmpeg org wiki Concatenate  file  E  images png images   3d jpg  file  E  images jpg images   3d jpg    Sample usage as follows    h  ffmpeg ffmpeg exe  -y -r 1 5 -f concat -safe 0 -i  E  images imagepaths txt  -c v libx264 -vf  fps 25 format yuv420p   e  out mp4    -safe 0 parameter prevents Unsafe file name error   Related links  FFmpeg making a video from images placed in different folders  FFMPEG An Intermediate Guide image sequence  Concatenate     FFmpeg

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