How can I download a webpage with a user agent other than the default one on urllib2.urlopen?
This question is related to
python
urllib2
user-agent
headers = { 'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0' }
req = urllib2.Request('www.example.com', None, headers)
html = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()
Or, a bit shorter:
req = urllib2.Request('www.example.com', headers={ 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0' })
html = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()
For python 3, urllib is split into 3 modules...
import urllib.request
req = urllib.request.Request(url="http://localhost/", headers={'User-Agent':' Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:12.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/12.0'})
handler = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
Another solution in urllib2
and Python 2.7:
req = urllib2.Request('http://www.example.com/')
req.add_unredirected_header('User-Agent', 'Custom User-Agent')
urllib2.urlopen(req)
For urllib
you can use:
from urllib import FancyURLopener
class MyOpener(FancyURLopener, object):
version = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; it; rv:1.8.1.11) Gecko/20071127 Firefox/2.0.0.11'
myopener = MyOpener()
myopener.retrieve('https://www.google.com/search?q=test', 'useragent.html')
All these should work in theory, but (with Python 2.7.2 on Windows at least) any time you send a custom User-agent header, urllib2 doesn't send that header. If you don't try to send a User-agent header, it sends the default Python / urllib2
None of these methods seem to work for adding User-agent but they work for other headers:
opener = urllib2.build_opener(proxy)
opener.addheaders = {'User-agent':'Custom user agent'}
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
request = urllib2.Request(url, headers={'User-agent':'Custom user agent'})
request.headers['User-agent'] = 'Custom user agent'
request.add_header('User-agent', 'Custom user agent')
there are two properties of urllib.URLopener()
namely:
addheaders = [('User-Agent', 'Python-urllib/1.17'), ('Accept', '*/*')]
and
version = 'Python-urllib/1.17'
.
To fool the website you need to changes both of these values to an accepted User-Agent. for e.g.
Chrome browser : 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/33.0.1750.149 Safari/537.36'
Google bot : 'Googlebot/2.1'
like this
import urllib
page_extractor=urllib.URLopener()
page_extractor.addheaders = [('User-Agent', 'Googlebot/2.1'), ('Accept', '*/*')]
page_extractor.version = 'Googlebot/2.1'
page_extractor.retrieve(<url>, <file_path>)
changing just one property does not work because the website marks it as a suspicious request.
Try this :
html_source_code = requests.get("http://www.example.com/",
headers={'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/44.0.2403.107 Safari/537.36',
'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
'x-runtime': '148ms'},
allow_redirects=True).content
I answered a similar question a couple weeks ago.
There is example code in that question, but basically you can do something like this: (Note the capitalization of User-Agent
as of RFC 2616, section 14.43.)
opener = urllib2.build_opener()
opener.addheaders = [('User-Agent', 'Mozilla/5.0')]
response = opener.open('http://www.stackoverflow.com')
Source: Stackoverflow.com