How do I make the first letter of a string uppercase in JavaScript

Question

How do I make the first letter of a string uppercase  but not change the case of any of the other letters   For example     this is a test  -   This is a test   the Eiffel Tower  -   The Eiffel Tower    index html  -    index html

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Here is the nice and cleaner version   var str       return str replace new RegExp     str 0       str 0  toUpperCase       Results   this is a test --  This is a test

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function cap input        return input replace      r n t          W   w  g  function match  capture                For other sentences in the text          return match toUpperCase           replace    W  w   function match  capture               For the first sentence in the text         return match toUpperCase                var a    quot hi  dear user  it is a simple test  see you later  r nbye quot   console log cap a       Output  Hi  dear user  It is a simple test  See you later     Bye

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The method will take a value and then split it to have an array of string   const firstLetterToUpperCase   value   gt     return value replace      value split      0       Split stirng and get the first letter      value          split               0   toString            toUpperCase      Split string and get the first letter to replace it with an uppercase value

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1  We ll be using CSS to achieve this  It can also be set from an external CSS   lt span text-transform  quot capitalize  quot  gt The first letter of each word becomes an upper case lt  span gt   2  Using vanilla JavaScript  we could do  let string    quot test case quot   string   string 0  toUpperCase     string substring 1    return  quot Test case quot   Explanation lt  b  gt   string 0  toUpperCase    converts the first letter in the string to upper case string substring 1   deletes the first letter in the string and returns the remaining characters text-transform  quot capitalize quot   make the first letter of each word in this tag upper case  If you use  uppercase  as the value of text-transform  every letter in the tag will be a capital letter

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Use this module of Node js  the http   stringjs com  package  to capitalize your string   var S   require  string    S  jon   capitalize   s     Jon  S  JP   capitalize   s     Jp

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yourString replace   w   c   gt  c toUpperCase     I found this arrow function easiest  Replace matches the first letter character   w  of your string and converts it to uppercase  Nothing fancier is necessary

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You can solve it using a regular expression  return str toLowerCase   replace    a-zA-z   s    ig  L   gt  L toUpperCase

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If you go with one of the regex answers  remember they will only work with ASCII characters  All your unicode letters will not be uppercased  The XRegExp library and its unicode plugins solve this problem if you want to stick with regexps  So something like this would work   String prototype capitalize   function          return this replace XRegExp     p L     function   0    return  0 toUpperCase           Considering that it still doesn t cover all possibilities  combined characters  see http   www regular-expressions info unicode html  it seems easier to just use the  charAt 0  toUpperCase   approach

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The function takes two arguments  start -  the start index   length - the length of substring to capitalise String prototype subUpper   function          var result   this toString        var start   0      var length   1      if  arguments length  gt  0            start   arguments 0           if  start  lt  this length                if  arguments length  gt  1                    length   arguments 1                             if  start   length  gt  this length                    length   this length - start                            var startRest   start   length              var prefix   start  gt  0   this substr 0  start    String empty              var sub   this substr start  length               var suffix   this substr startRest  this length - startRest               result   prefix   sub toUpperCase     suffix                      return result

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Posting an edit of  salim s answer to include locale letter transformation   var str    test string   str   str substring 0 1  toLocaleUpperCase     str substring 1

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As terse as possible  assuming you re using ES version 6      var upLetter1 s  gt s replace     m  gt m toUpperCase      console log upLetter1  the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog           The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog

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var a    this is a test  console log a replace    a-z  g  txt   gt  txt toUpperCase

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var str    test string   str   str substring 0 1  toUpperCase     str substring 1

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CSS only If the transformation is needed only for displaying on a web page  p  first-letter     text-transform  uppercase      Despite being called  quot   first-letter quot   it applies to the first character  i e  in case of string  a  this selector would apply to   and as such a would not be capitalized  In IE9  or IE5 5  it s supported in legacy notation with only one colon   first-letter    ES2015 one-liner const capitalizeFirstChar   str   gt  str charAt 0  toUpperCase     str substring 1    Remarks  In the benchmark I performed  there was no significant difference between string charAt 0  and string 0   Note however  that string 0  would be undefined for an empty string  so the function would have to be rewritten to use  quot string  amp  amp  string 0  quot   which is way too verbose  compared to the alternative  string substring 1  is faster than string slice 1    Benchmark between substring   and slice   The difference is rather minuscule nowadays  run the test yourself    21 580 613 15 ops s   1 6  for substring    21 096 394 34 ops s   1 8   2 24  slower  for slice

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I prefer use a solution oriented to a functional way  mapping array for example        Array from str  map  letter  i    gt  i     0   letter toUpperCase     letter   join

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If you are wanting to reformat all-caps text  you might want to modify the other examples as such    function capitalize  text        return text charAt 0  toUpperCase     text slice 1  toLowerCase        This will ensure that the following text is changed   TEST   gt  Test This Is A TeST   gt  This is a test

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Here s my version  I think it s easy to understand and elegant too  var str    quot foo bar baz quot       Capitalize str split           map w   gt  w 0  toUpperCase     w substr 1  toLowerCase         join         Returns  quot Foo Bar Baz quot      Capitalize the first letter str charAt 0  toUpperCase     str slice 1     Returns  quot Foo bar baz quot

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Okay  so I am new to JavaScript  I wasn t able to get the above to work for me  So I started putting it together myself  Here s my idea  about the same  different and working syntax     String name   request getParameter  name    name   name toUpperCase   charAt 0    name substring 1   out println name     Here I get the variable from a form  it also works manually    String name    i am a Smartypants      name   name toUpperCase   charAt 0    name substring 1   out println name     Output   I am a Smartypants

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It s always better to handle these kinds of stuff using CSS first  in general  if you can solve something using CSS  go for that first  then try JavaScript to solve your problems  so in this case try using  first-letter in CSS and apply text-transform capitalize    So try creating a class for that  so you can use it globally  for example   first-letter-uppercase and add something like below in your CSS    first-letter-uppercase first-letter       text-transform capitalize      Also the alternative option is JavaScript  so the best gonna be something like this   function capitalizeTxt txt      return txt charAt 0  toUpperCase     txt slice 1     or if you want lowercase the rest txt slice 1  toLowerCase        and call it like   capitalizeTxt  this is a test       return  This is a test  capitalizeTxt  the Eiffel Tower       return  The Eiffel Tower  capitalizeTxt   index html        return   index html  capitalizeTxt  alireza        return  Alireza    If you  want to reuse it over and over  it s better attach it to javascript native String  so something like below   String prototype capitalizeTxt   String prototype capitalizeTxt    function         return this charAt 0  toUpperCase     this slice 1       and call it as below    this is a test  capitalizeTxt       return  This is a test   the Eiffel Tower  capitalizeTxt       return  The Eiffel Tower    index html  capitalizeTxt        return   index html   alireza  capitalizeTxt        return  Alireza

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If you re interested in the performance of a few different methods posted  Here are the fastest methods based on this jsperf test  ordered from fastest to slowest   As you can see  the first two methods are essentially comparable in terms of performance  whereas altering the String prototype is by far the slowest in terms of performance     10 889 187 operations sec function capitalizeFirstLetter string        return string 0  toUpperCase     string slice 1         10 875 535 operations sec function capitalizeFirstLetter string        return string charAt 0  toUpperCase     string slice 1         4 632 536 operations sec function capitalizeFirstLetter string        return string replace       string 0  toUpperCase           1 977 828 operations sec String prototype capitalizeFirstLetter   function         return this charAt 0  toUpperCase     this slice 1

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String prototype capitalize   function        return this replace      s   a-z   g                           function m  p1  p2                                return p1   p2 toUpperCase                                    Usage  capitalizedString   someString capitalize     This is a text string   gt  This Is A Text String

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Or you could use Sugar js capitalize    Example    hello  capitalize             - gt   Hello   hello kitty  capitalize       - gt   Hello kitty   hello kitty  capitalize true  - gt   Hello Kitty

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Capitalize First Word  Shortest  text replace         m   gt  m toUpperCase        Capitalize Each Word  Shortest  text replace     w  s w  g  m   gt  m toUpperCase       If you want to make sure the rest is in lowercase   text replace     w  s w   S   g     m1 m2    gt  m1 toUpperCase   m2 toLowerCase

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To make the first letter of a string capital First solution  quot this is a test quot     quot This is a test quot  var word    quot this is a test quot  word 0  toUpperCase     It will give   quot This is a test quot  Second solution to make first word of string capital  quot this is a test quot     quot This Is A Test quot  function capitalize str         const word            for let char of str split                word push char 0  toUpperCase     char slice 1              return word join            capitalize  quot this is a test quot     It will give   quot This Is A Test quot

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For TypeScript    capitalizeFirstLetter string        return string charAt 0  toUpperCase     string slice 1

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Just because you can  doesn t mean you should  however  It requires ECMAScript  6 as the code uses array destructuring  const capitalizeFirstLetter   s   gt      const type   typeof s    if  type      quot string quot         throw new Error  Expected string  instead received   type            const  firstChar     remainingChars    s     return  firstChar toUpperCase       remainingChars  join  quot  quot

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You can do it in one line like this  string 0  toUpperCase     string substring 1

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Capitalizing the first letter with validation function capitalizeFirstLetter str        return  str  amp  amp  typeof str      string      str charAt 0  toUpperCase     str slice 1      quot  quot      Testing console log capitalizeFirstLetter 0       Output   quot  quot  console log capitalizeFirstLetter null       Output   quot  quot  console log capitalizeFirstLetter  quot test quot        Output   quot Test quot  console log capitalizeFirstLetter          Output   quot  quot

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The ucfirst function works if you do it like this   function ucfirst str        var firstLetter   str slice 0 1       return firstLetter toUpperCase     str substring 1       Thanks J-P for the aclaration

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I have been trying to do same  that is  capitalize the first letter in a string while it is being typed  using jQuery  I searched all through the web for the answer but couldn t find it  However I was able to get a work around using the on   function in jQuery like so       FirstNameField   on  keydown  function e       var str       FirstNameField   val        if str substring     str substring 0 1                FirstNameField   val str substring 0 1  toUpperCase                  This function actually capitalizes the first letter while the data entrant is typing continuously

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I didn   t see any mention in the existing answers of issues related to astral plane code points or internationalization     Uppercase    doesn   t mean the same thing in every language using a given script  Initially I didn   t see any answers addressing issues related to astral plane code points  There is one  but it   s a bit buried  like this one will be  I guess    Most of the proposed functions look like this  function capitalizeFirstLetter str      return str 0  toUpperCase     str slice 1      However  some cased characters fall outside the BMP  basic multilingual plane  code points U 0 to U FFFF   For example take this Deseret text  capitalizeFirstLetter  quot  quot        quot  quot   The first character here fails to capitalize because the array-indexed properties of strings don   t access    characters    or code points   They access UTF-16 code units  This is true also when slicing     the index values point at code units  It happens to be that UTF-16 code units are 1 1 with USV code points within two ranges  U 0 to U D7FF and U E000 to U FFFF inclusive  Most cased characters fall into those two ranges  but not all of them  From ES2015 on  dealing with this became a bit easier  String prototype   iterator  yields strings corresponding to code points    So for example  we can do this  function capitalizeFirstLetter   first     rest        return   first toUpperCase       rest   join         capitalizeFirstLetter  quot  quot       quot  quot   For longer strings  this is probably not terribly efficient        we don   t really need to iterate the remainder  We could use String prototype codePointAt to get at that first  possible  letter  but we   d still need to determine where the slice should begin  One way to avoid iterating the remainder would be to test whether the first codepoint is outside the BMP  if it isn   t  the slice begins at 1  and if it is  the slice begins at 2  function capitalizeFirstLetter str      const firstCP   str codePointAt 0     const index   firstCP  gt  0xFFFF   2   1     return String fromCodePoint firstCP  toUpperCase     str slice index      capitalizeFirstLetter  quot  quot       quot  quot   You could use bitwise math instead of  gt  0xFFFF there  but it   s probably easier to understand this way and either would achieve the same thing  We can also make this work in ES5 and below by taking that logic a bit further if necessary  There are no intrinsic methods in ES5 for working with codepoints  so we have to manually test whether the first code unit is a surrogate      function capitalizeFirstLetter str      var firstCodeUnit   str 0      if  firstCodeUnit  lt    uD800     firstCodeUnit  gt    uDFFF         return str 0  toUpperCase     str slice 1          return str slice 0  2  toUpperCase     str slice 2      capitalizeFirstLetter  quot  quot       quot  quot   At the start I also mentioned internationalization considerations  Some of these are very difficult to account for because they require knowledge not only of what language is being used  but also may require specific knowledge of the words in the language  For example  the Irish digraph  quot mb quot  capitalizes as  quot mB quot  at the start of a word  Another example  the German eszett  never begins a word  afaik   but still helps illustrate the problem  The lowercase eszett            capitalizes to    SS     but     SS    could lowercase to either          or    ss        you require out-of-band knowledge of the German language to know which is correct  The most famous example of these kinds of issues  probably  is Turkish  In Turkish Latin  the capital form of i is I  while the lowercase form of I is i     they   re two different letters  Fortunately we do have a way to account for this  function capitalizeFirstLetter   first     rest    locale      return   first toLocaleUpperCase locale      rest   join         capitalizeFirstLetter  quot italy quot    quot en quot       quot Italy quot  capitalizeFirstLetter  quot italya quot    quot tr quot       quot Italya quot   In a browser  the user   s most-preferred language tag is indicated by navigator language  a list in order of preference is found at navigator languages  and a given DOM element   s language can be obtained  usually  with Object element closest   lang     lang    YOUR DEFAULT HERE in multilanguage documents  In agents which support Unicode property character classes in RegExp  which were introduced in ES2018  we can clean stuff up further by directly expressing what characters we   re interested in  function capitalizeFirstLetter str  locale navigator language      return str replace    p CWU  u  char   gt  char toLocaleUpperCase locale       This could be tweaked a bit to also handle capitalizing multiple words in a string with fairly good accuracy  The CWU or Changes When Uppercased character property matches all code points which  well  change when uppercased  We can try this out with a titlecased digraph characters like the Dutch   for example  capitalizeFirstLetter   sselmeer        quot  sselmeer quot   As of January 2021  all major engines have implemented the Unicode property character class feature  but depending on your target support range you may not be able to use it safely yet  The last browser to introduce support was Firefox  78  June 30  2020   You can check for support of this feature with the Kangax compat table  Babel can be used to compile RegExp literals with property references to equivalent patterns without them  but be aware that the resulting code can sometimes be enormous  You probably would not want to do this unless you   re certain the tradeoff is justified for your use case   In all likelihood  people asking this question will not be concerned with Deseret capitalization or internationalization  But it   s good to be aware of these issues because there   s a good chance you   ll encounter them eventually even if they aren   t concerns presently  They   re not    edge    cases  or rather  they   re not by-definition edge cases     there   s a whole country where most people speak Turkish  anyway  and conflating code units with codepoints is a fairly common source of bugs  especially with regard to emoji   Both strings and language are pretty complicated     The code units of UTF-16   UCS2 are also Unicode code points in the sense that e g  U D800 is technically a code point  but that   s not what it    means    here     sort of     though it gets pretty fuzzy  What the surrogates definitely are not  though  is USVs  Unicode scalar values      Though if a surrogate code unit is    orphaned        i e   not part of a logical pair     you could still get surrogates here  too      maybe  I haven   t tested it  Unless you have determined capitalization is a meaningful bottleneck  I probably wouldn   t sweat it     choose whatever you believe is most clear and readable       such a function might wish to test both the first and second code units instead of just the first  since it   s possible that the first unit is an orphaned surrogate  For example the input  quot  uD800x quot  would capitalize the X as-is  which may or may not be expected

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Another way using RamdaJs  the functional programming way  firstCapital str       const fn   p   gt  R toUpper R head p     R tail p       return fn str      With multiple words in a string  firstCapitalAllWords str       const fn   p   gt  R toUpper R head p     R tail p       return R map fn R split      str   join

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var capitalized   yourstring 0  toUpperCase     yourstring substr 1

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function capitalize string        return string replace       Function call bind    toUpperCase

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Easy peasy     OK  agreed so here is the edited version  I can t go simple beyond this   x000D   x000D  function FirstUpperCase inputString     return inputString replace inputString 0  inputString 0  toUpperCase        x000D   x000D   x000D   Input  hello student Output  Hello student

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Capitalize the first letter of all words in a string    function ucFirstAllWords  str         var pieces   str split           for   var i   0  i  lt  pieces length  i                   var j   pieces i  charAt 0  toUpperCase            pieces i    j   pieces i  substr 1             return pieces join

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Here is a function called ucfirst    short for  upper case first letter     function ucfirst str        var firstLetter   str substr 0  1       return firstLetter toUpperCase     str substr 1       You can capitalise a string by calling ucfirst  some string   -- for example   ucfirst  this is a test   -- gt   This is a test    It works by splitting the string into two pieces   On the first line it pulls out firstLetter and then on the second line it capitalises firstLetter by calling firstLetter toUpperCase   and joins it with the rest of the string  which is found by calling str substr 1    You might think this would fail for an empty string  and indeed in a language like C you would have to cater for this  However in JavaScript  when you take a substring of an empty string  you just get an empty string back

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The currently voted answer is right  but it doesn t trim or check the length of the string before capitalising the first character   String prototype ucfirst   function notrim        s   notrim   this   this replace           n  s   s       n   g     replace   s  g           return s length  gt  0   s charAt 0  toUpperCase     s slice 1    s      Set the notrim argument to prevent trimming the string first    pizza  ucfirst             gt   Pizza      pizza  ucfirst          gt   Pizza      pizza  ucfirst true     gt      pizza

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Like it   function capitalize string a        var tempstr   string toLowerCase        if  a    false    a    undefined          return tempstr replace tempstr 0   tempstr 0  toUpperCase         else           return tempstr split      map function  i    return i 0  toUpperCase     i substring 1     join                 capitalize  stack overflow yeah   true      Stack Overflow Yeah   capitalize  stack stack stack stack overflow yeah       Stack overflow yeah    https   jsfiddle net dgmLgv7b

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Firstly  I just wanted to clear up what capitalize means in this context   quot This String Is Capitalized quot  Reliable source You can see from the example provided this is not what the OP is looking for  What it should say is  quot How do I make the first letter of a string uppercase quot   Not capitalize string  function ucfirst  str        return typeof str     quot undefined quot     str        str 0  toUpperCase     str substr 1            Explained typeof str     quot undefined quot     Is str set      true str          Turns the string variable into a string str 0  toUpperCase      Get the first character and make it upper case      Add str substr 1     String starting from the index 1  starts at 0       false        Returns an empty string  This will work with any argument or no argument at all  undefined              quot  quot   quot  quot                      quot  quot   quot my string quot             quot My string quot  null                   quot Null quot  undefined              quot  quot   false                  quot False quot  0                      quot 0 quot  true                   quot True quot                         quot  quot   true 0  quot  quot  false       quot True 0  false quot

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Uppercase first letter function ucfirst field        field value   field value substr 0  1  toUpperCase     field value substr 1       Usage    lt input type  text  onKeyup  ucfirst this     gt

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Check out this solution  var stringVal    master   stringVal replace       stringVal 0  toUpperCase        Returns Master

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Here s a more object-oriented approach  String prototype capitalize   function         return this charAt 0  toUpperCase     this slice 1      You d call the function  like this   quot hello  world  quot  capitalize     With the expected output being   quot Hello  World  quot

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a slice 0 1  toUpperCase   a slice 1    x000D   x000D  let a    hello   x000D      fix   a slice 0 1  toUpperCase   a slice 1  x000D       x000D  console log fix  x000D   x000D   x000D

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A functional approach  const capitalize     s     tring     gt     s toUpperCase       tring       join        Then you could  const titleCase   str   gt     str      split           map capitalize       join

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If I may alter the code a little  I found that if I run an all caps string through this function  nothing happens  So    here is my tid bit  Force the string to lower case first    String prototype capitalize   function        return this toLowerCase   replace       s   a-z   g   function m  p1  p2            return p1   p2 toUpperCase

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yourString replace    a-z    function m   return m toUpperCase          You may encapsulate it in a function or even add it to the String prototype if you use it frequently

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There are multiple ways of doing this try some below  var lower    the Eiffel Tower   var upper   lower charAt 0  toUpperCase     lower substr 1     And if you are comfortable with regular expressions  you do things this way   var upper   lower replace    w   function  chr      return chr toUpperCase          And you can even take it one step further by using more modern syntax   const upper   lower replace    w   c   gt  c toUpperCase       Also this will take care of negative scenarios as mentioned in example like words starting with special characters like        amp                lt  gt

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String prototype capitalize   function allWords       return  allWords       If all words       this split      map word   gt  word capitalize    join           Break down the phrase to words and then recursive                                                                     calls until capitalizing all words       this charAt 0  toUpperCase     this slice 1      If allWords is undefined  capitalize only the first word                                                         meaning the first character of the whole string    And then    quot capitalize just the first word quot  capitalize       gt   quot Capitalize just the first word quot    quot capitalize all words quot  capitalize true      gt   quot Capitalize All Words quot   Update November  2016  ES6   just for fun  const capitalize    string         gt      string  map        Convert to array with each item is a char of                                                            string by using spread operator            char  index    gt  index   char   char toUpperCase       Index true means not equal 0  so   index  is                                                            the first character which is capitalized by                                                            the  toUpperCase    method    join                                                    Return back to string  then capitalize  quot hello quot      Hello

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The simplest solution is   let yourSentence    it needs first letter upper case    yourSentence charAt 0  toUpperCase     yourSentence substr 1     or   yourSentence charAt 0  toUpperCase     yourSentence slice 1     or   yourSentence substr 0  1  toUpperCase     yourSentence substr 1

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Try with the following function  function capitalize  string      return    map call string   char  i    gt  i   char   char toUpperCase    join        Usage  capitalize  hello  world     Result  Hello  world

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This solution might be new and probably the simplest   x000D   x000D  function firstUpperCase input        return input 0  toUpperCase     input substr 1      console log firstUpperCase  capitalize first letter     x000D   x000D   x000D

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This one is simple  const upper   lower replace    w   c   gt  c toUpperCase

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Using the JS replace string method  amp  a regular expression w  a word boundary seems simple   Capitalize the first words  first character   the eiffel tower  --   The eiffel tower   str replace   b w   v   gt  v toUpperCase      Capitalize all words  first character   the eiffel tower  --   The Eiffel Tower   str replace   b w g  v   gt  v toUpperCase

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Only because this is really a one-liner I will include this answer  It s an ES6-based interpolated string one-liner  let setStringName    the Eiffel Tower   setStringName      setStringName 0  toUpperCase     setStringName substring 1

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For just capitalizing the first letter and make the rest of the string lower case   function capitalize str         var splittedEnter   str split            var capitalized       var capitalizedResult       for  var i   0   i  lt  splittedEnter length   i              capitalized   splittedEnter i  charAt 0  toUpperCase             splittedEnter i    capitalized   splittedEnter i  substr 1  toLowerCase              return splittedEnter join          capitalize  tHiS wiLL be alL CapiTaLiZED       The result will be      This Will Be All Capitalized

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var capitalizeMe    string not starting with capital    Capitalize with substr  var capitalized   capitalizeMe substr 0  1  toUpperCase     capitalizeMe substr 1

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Use    x000D   x000D  var str    ruby java   x000D   x000D  console log str charAt 0  toUpperCase     str substring 1    x000D   x000D   x000D    It will output  Ruby java  to the console

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This is the 2018 ECMAScript nbsp 6  Solution    x000D   x000D  const str    the Eiffel Tower   x000D  const newStr      str 0  toUpperCase     str slice 1     x000D  console log  Original String    str      the Eiffel Tower x000D  console log  New String    newStr      The Eiffel Tower x000D   x000D   x000D

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This is what I use religiously  function capitalizeMe str  force       str   force   str toLowerCase     str      return str replace    b   a-zA-Z   g          function firstLetter               return firstLetter toUpperCase                    var firstName   capitalizeMe  firstName val

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If there s Lodash in your project  use upperFirst

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The first character of every string is capitalized   x000D   x000D  function capitalize word       return word 0  toUpperCase     word slice 1  toLowerCase       console log capitalize  john       John console log capitalize  BRAVO       Bravo console log capitalize  BLAne       Blane x000D   x000D   x000D

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Well  all the answers will crash if the method is passed with some unexpected type of data such as Object or function   So to ensure that it will not crash in any conditions we ll need to check for types    x000D   x000D  capitalizeFirstLetter   string   gt    x000D    if  typeof string     string     x000D        console log  passed    x000D      return string charAt 0  toUpperCase     string slice 1   x000D      else   x000D      console log  error    x000D      return string  x000D      x000D     x000D   x000D    type function x000D  console log  x000D    capitalizeFirstLetter      gt    x000D      return true  x000D       x000D     x000D     error x000D           gt    return true    x000D   x000D    type object x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter   x  1      x000D     error x000D     Object   x  1   x000D   x000D    type boolean x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter true    x000D     error x000D     true x000D   x000D    type undefined x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter undefined    x000D     error x000D     undefined x000D   x000D    type null x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter null    x000D     error x000D     null x000D   x000D    type NaN x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter NaN    x000D     error x000D     NaN x000D   x000D    type number x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter 2    x000D     error x000D     2 x000D   x000D    type any for e g  class x000D  class Jaydeep    x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter new Jaydeep      x000D     error x000D     Object    x000D   x000D    type string x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter  1     x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter  a     x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter        x000D  console log capitalizeFirstLetter       x000D     1 x000D     A x000D       x000D       empty string x000D   x000D   x000D

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I would just use a regular expression  myString        the quick green alligator      myString trim   replace    w    c    gt  c toUpperCase

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x000D   x000D  function capitalizeEachWord str    x000D      return str replace   w S  g  function txt    x000D          return txt charAt 0  toUpperCase     txt substr 1  toLowerCase    x000D          x000D    x000D   x000D  document write capitalizeEachWord  foo BAR God bAD     x000D   x000D   x000D

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You can do something like this   mode     string   string   mode charAt 0  toUpperCase     mode substr 1 mode length  toLowerCase    console log string     This will print  String

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One liner   inputString can be set to any string     inputString replace    1    inputString charAt 0  toUpperCase

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If you need to have all words starting with a capital letter  you can use the following function  const capitalLetters    s    gt        return s trim   split  quot   quot   map i   gt  i 0  toUpperCase     i substr 1   reduce  ac  i    gt     ac    i        Example  console log  result    capitalLetters  quot this is a test quot         Result   quot This Is A Test quot

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function capitalize s           returns the first letter capitalized   the string from index 1 and out aka  the rest of the string     return s 0  toUpperCase     s substr 1          examples capitalize  this is a test      gt   This is a test   capitalize  the Eiffel Tower      gt   The Eiffel Tower   capitalize   index html      gt    index html

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You can use a regular expression as below  return string1 toLowerCase   replace    a-zA-z   s    ig  L   gt  L toUpperCase

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Unicode and Locale Aware  Using current language features    x000D   x000D  function capitalize  firstLetter     rest     x000D    return  firstLetter toLocaleUpperCase       rest  join      x000D    x000D   x000D  console log capitalize  foo bar     x000D  console log capitalize         x000D  console log capitalize         x000D   x000D     Title Case x000D  console log  x000D     Title Case    x000D     foo bar  x000D       split   s    x000D       map capitalize  x000D       join       x000D     x000D   x000D   x000D    We accept a destructured string as the only parameter  firstLetter     rest   assigning the first character to the variable firstLetter and get an array for the rest of the characters     rest  bound to the rest variable  E g  for the string lorem ipsum this should look like   capitalize  lorem ipsum       firstLetter    l     rest     o    r    e    m         i    p    s    u    m      Now all we need to do is prepend an uppercased version of the first letter firstLetter toLocaleUpperCase   to the rest array   using the spread operator   and join the resulting array into a string using  join

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If you re already  or considering  using Lodash  the solution is easy    upperFirst  fred         gt   Fred     upperFirst  FRED         gt   FRED     capitalize  fred       gt   Fred   See their documentation  https   lodash com docs capitalize   camelCase  Foo Bar        gt   fooBar  https   lodash com docs 4 15 0 camelCase   lowerFirst  Fred         gt   fred     lowerFirst  FRED         gt   fRED     snakeCase  Foo Bar         gt   foo bar   Vanilla JavaScript for first upper case  function upperCaseFirst str       return str charAt 0  toUpperCase     str substring 1

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Using prototypes  String prototype capitalize   function          return this charAt 0    this slice 1  toLowerCase          or Using functions  function capitalize str    return str charAt 0  toUpperCase     str slice 1  toLowerCase

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Using an arrow function  const capitalize   string   gt  string 0  toUpperCase     string slice 1

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CoffeeScript ucfirst    str  - gt  str charAt 0  toUpperCase     str slice 1   As a String prototype method  String  capitalize   - gt   charAt 0  toUpperCase      slice 1

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There are already so many good answers  but you can also use a simple CSS transform  text-transform  capitalize    x000D   x000D  div c     text-transform  capitalize    x000D   lt h2 gt text-transform  capitalize  lt  h2 gt   lt div class  c  gt Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet  consectetur adipiscing elit  lt  div gt  x000D   x000D   x000D

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It seems to be easier in CSS     lt style type  text css  gt      p capitalize  text-transform capitalize    lt  style gt   lt p class  capitalize  gt This is some text  lt  p gt    This is from CSS text-transform Property  at W3Schools

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One possible solution   function ConvertFirstCharacterToUpperCase text        return text substr 0  1  toUpperCase     text substr 1           Use this    alert ConvertFirstCharacterToUpperCase  this is string       Here is working JS Fiddle

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You can do str replace str 0   str 0  toUpperCase     Check this example   x000D   x000D  let str    hello  WORLD   let newStr   str replace str 0   str 0  toUpperCase     console log  str     str  console log  newStr     newStr  x000D   x000D   x000D

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Just install and load Lodash  import   capitalize   from  quot lodash quot    capitalize  test      Test

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A small improvement - every word in titlecase  String prototype toTitleCase   function        return this replace   b  w   g  function m p   return p 0  toUpperCase     p substr 1  toLowerCase          var s    heLLo  wOrLD    console log s toTitleCase        Hello  World

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This one will tolerate possible leading whitespaces and will not miss the target of the first letter in a string  Therefore  it might improve already good solutions available on the thread    str       the Eifel Tower   str replace   w   str match   w   0  toUpperCase      gt  gt      The Eifel Tower      But  will cause a  soft  error if executed against a blank string  To avoid this possible error or unnecessary processing of a blank string or a number  a ternary conditional guarding can be used    str   str    str replace   w   str match   w   0  toUpperCase      str

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We could get the first character with one of my favorite RegExp  looks like a cute smiley        String prototype capitalize   function        return this replace       function  match        return match toUpperCase               And for all coffee-junkies   String  capitalize   - gt     replace        match  - gt      match toUpperCase        and for all guys who think that there s a better way of doing this  without extending native prototypes   var capitalize   function  input      return input replace       function  match        return match toUpperCase

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string   string replace string charAt 0   string charAt 0  toUpperCase

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SHORTEST 3 solutions  1 and 2 handle cases when s string  is     null and undefined    s amp  amp s 0  toUpperCase   s slice 1            32 char   s amp  amp s replace     s 0  toUpperCase          36 char - using regexp   foo  replace     x  gt x toUpperCase          31 char - direct on string  ES6    x000D   x000D  let s  foo bar   x000D   x000D  console log  s amp  amp s 0  toUpperCase   s slice 1     x000D   x000D  console log  s amp  amp s replace     s 0  toUpperCase       x000D   x000D  console log   foo bar  replace     x  gt x toUpperCase       x000D   x000D   x000D

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A one-liner    x000D   x000D   string  replace     a-z    function  p    return p toUpperCase        x000D   x000D   x000D

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In CSS   p first-letter       text-transform capitalize

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There is a very simple way to implement it by replace  For ECMAScript nbsp 6    foo  replace       str   gt  str toUpperCase      Result    Foo

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Any type of string can convert -- YoUrStRiNg   Yourstring var str   yOuRsTrING toLowerCase       Output  yourstring str charAt 0  toUpperCase     str slice 1      Output  Y   ourstring   Yourstring

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If you use Underscore js or Lodash  the underscore string library provides string extensions  including capitalize     capitalize string  Converts first letter of the string to uppercase   Example    capitalize  quot foo bar quot       quot Foo bar quot

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57 81 different answers for this question  some off-topic  and yet none of them raise the important issue that none of the solutions listed will work with Asian characters  emoji s  and other high Unicode-point-value characters in many browsers  Here is a solution that will  const consistantCapitalizeFirstLetter    quot  uD852 uDF62 quot  length     1       function S             quot use-strict quot      Hooray  The browser uses UTF-32          return S charAt 0  toUpperCase     string substring 1           function S             quot use-strict quot              The browser is using UCS16 to store UTF-16         var code   S charCodeAt 0  0          return             code  gt   0xD800  amp  amp  code  lt   0xDBFF      Detect surrogate pair             S slice 0 2  toUpperCase     string substring 2                S charAt 0  toUpperCase     string substring 1                    const prettyCapitalizeFirstLetter    quot  uD852 uDF62 quot  length     1       function S             quot use-strict quot      Hooray  The browser uses UTF-32          return S charAt 0  toLocaleUpperCase     string substring 1           function S             quot use-strict quot              The browser is using UCS16 to store UTF-16         var code   S charCodeAt 0  0          return             code  gt   0xD800  amp  amp  code  lt   0xDBFF      Detect surrogate pair             S slice 0 2  toLocaleUpperCase     string substring 2                S charAt 0  toLocaleUpperCase     string substring 1                     Do note that the above solution tries to account for UTF-32  However  the specification officially states that browsers are required to do everything in UTF-16 mapped into UCS2  Nevertheless  if we all come together  do our part  and start preparing for UTF32  then there is a chance that the TC39 may allow browsers to start using UTF-32  like how Python uses 24-bits for each character of the string   This must seem silly to an English speaker  no one who uses only latin-1 has ever had to deal with Mojibake because Latin-I is supported by all character encodings  But  users in other countries  such as China  Japan  Indonesia  etc   are not so fortunate  They constantly struggle with encoding problems not just from the webpage  but also from the JavaScript  many Chinese Japanese characters are treated as two letters by JavaScript and thus may be broken apart in the middle  resulting in   and    two question-marks that make no sense to the end user   If we could start getting ready for UTF-32  then the TC39 might just allow browsers do what Python did many years ago which had made Python very popular for working with high Unicode characters  using UTF-32  consistantCapitalizeFirstLetter works correctly in Internet  Explorer  3   prettyCapitalizeFirstLetter requires Internet  Explorer  5 5   see the top of page 250 of this document   However  these fact are more of just jokes because it is very likely that the rest of the code on your webpage will not even work in Internet  Explorer  8 - because of all the DOM and JScript bugs and lack of features in these older browsers  Further  no one uses Internet  Explorer  3 or Internet  Explorer  5 5 any more

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Here is the function I use  capitalCase text  string    NA         return text        trim          toLowerCase          replace   w S  g   w    gt  w replace    w    c    gt  c toUpperCase           console log  this cApitalize TEXt

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For another case I need it to capitalize the first letter and lowercase the rest  The following cases made me change this function     es5 function capitalize string        return string charAt 0  toUpperCase     string slice 1  toLowerCase      capitalize  alfredo         gt   Alfredo  capitalize  Alejandro       gt   Alejandro capitalize  ALBERTO         gt   Alberto  capitalize  ArMaNdO         gt   Armando      es6 using destructuring  const capitalize     first    rest     gt  first toUpperCase     rest join     toLowerCase

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In CoffeeScript  add to the prototype for a string   String  capitalize   - gt     substr 0  1  toUpperCase      substr 1    Usage would be    woobie  capitalize     Which yields    Woobie

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Here is my attempt to make a universal function that can capitalize only the first letter  or the first letter of each word  including words separated by a dash  like some first names in French    By default  the function capitalizes only the first letter and leave the rest untouched   Parameters    lc  true to lowercase the rest of the word s  all  true to capitalize each word    nbsp   if  typeof String prototype capitalize      function         String prototype capitalize   function lc  all            if  all                return this split        map  function currentValue  index  array                     return currentValue capitalize  lc                   this  join      split  -   map function currentValue  index  array                    return currentValue capitalize false                  this  join  -                      else               return lc   this charAt 0  toUpperCase     this slice 1   toLowerCase     this charAt 0  toUpperCase     this slice 1

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Here is a shortened version of the popular answer that gets the first letter by treating the string as an array   function capitalize s        return s 0  toUpperCase     s slice 1       Update   According to the comments below this doesn t work in IE 7 or below   Update 2   To avoid undefined for empty strings  see  njzk2 s comment below   you can check for an empty string   function capitalize s        return s  amp  amp  s 0  toUpperCase     s slice 1

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The basic solution is   x000D   x000D  function capitalizeFirstLetter string      return string charAt 0  toUpperCase     string slice 1      console log capitalizeFirstLetter  foo        Foo x000D   x000D   x000D   Some other answers modify String prototype  this answer used to as well   but I would advise against this now due to maintainability  hard to find out where the function is being added to the prototype and could cause conflicts if other code uses the same name   a browser adds a native function with that same name in future      and then  there is so much more to this question when you consider internationalisation  as this astonishingly good answer  buried below  shows  If you want to work with Unicode code points instead of code units  for example to handle Unicode characters outside of the Basic Multilingual Plane  you can leverage the fact that String   iterator  works with code points  and you can use toLocaleUpperCase to get locale-correct uppercasing   x000D   x000D  const capitalizeFirstLetter      first     rest    locale   navigator language    gt    first toLocaleUpperCase locale    rest join      console log    capitalizeFirstLetter  foo       Foo   capitalizeFirstLetter             correct     capitalizeFirstLetter  italya    tr      Italya   correct in Turkish Latin     x000D   x000D   x000D   For even more internationalization options  please see the original answer below

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Try this code  alert  quot hello quot  substr 0  1  toUpperCase      quot hello quot  substr 1     It is taking the first character in  quot hello quot   capitalizing it and adding the rest of it on

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If you want to capitalize every first letter in a string  for example hello to the worldbecomes Hello To The World you can use the following  repurposed from Steve Harrison    function capitalizeEveryFirstLetter string        var splitStr   string split          var fullStr              each splitStr function index           var currentSplit   splitStr index  charAt 0  toUpperCase     splitStr index  slice 1           fullStr    currentSplit                    return fullStr      Which you can call by using the following   capitalizeFirstLetter  hello to the world

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This does the same action   var newStr   string slice 0 1  toUpperCase     string slice 1

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I use something along these lines in my development environment  especially when working with APIs like HTTP   Suppose you have an HTTP header in which you d like to capitalize every initial letter in its name and add the hyphen between its constituent words  You may achieve something like that using this basic and simple routine    access control allow origin       replace   b w g  function  match            return match toUpperCase                split           join  -        Output   Access-Control-Allow-Origin    It is not maybe the most elegant and attractive function definition out there  but it certainly gets the job done

[javascript] How do I make the first letter of a string uppercase in JavaScript?

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