Push Notifications in Android Platform

Question

I am looking to write an app that receives pushed alerts from a server  I found a couple of methods to do this      SMS - Intercept the incoming SMS and initiate a pull from the server Poll the server periodically   Each has its own limitations  SMS- no guarantee on arrival time  Poll may drain the battery   Do you have a better suggestion please  Thanks very much

User · Answer

You can use Google Cloud Messaging or GCM  it s free and easy to use  Also you can use third party push servers like PushWoosh which gives you more flexibility

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As of 18 05 2016 Firebase is Google s unified platform for mobile developers including push notifications

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I would suggest using both SMS and HTTP  If the user is not signed in send their phone an SMS to notify them there s a message waiting   That s how this Ericsson Labs service works  https   labs ericsson com apis mobile-java-push   If you implement this yourself the tricky part is deleting the incoming SMS without the user seeing it  Or maybe it s ok if they see it in your case   Looks like this works  Deleting SMS Using BroadCastReceiver - Android  Yes  writing code like this can be dangerous and you can potentially ruin someone s life because your application deleted an SMS it shouldn t have

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I m afraid you ve found both possible methods   Google was  at least initially  going to implement a GChat api you could use for a push pull implementation   Sadly  that library was cut by Android 1 0

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You can use Pusher  It s a hosted service that makes it super-easy to add real-time data and functionality to web and mobile applications  Pusher offers libraries to integrate into all the main runtimes and frameworks    PHP  Ruby  Python  Java   NET  Go and Node on the server JavaScript  Objective-C  iOS  and Java  Android  on the client

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There is a new open-source effort to develop a Java library for push notifications on Android based on the Meteor web server  You can check it out at the Deacon Project Blog  where you ll find links to Meteor and the project s GitHub repository  We need developers  so please spread the word

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Google C2DM is depreciated now  for that  you have o use the new service GCM  Google Cloud Messaging   For documantation  see http   developer android com guide google gcm gs html

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C2DM  your app-users must have the gmail account   MQTT  when your connection reached to 1024  it will stop work because of it used  select model   of linux   There is a free push service and api for android  you can try it  http   push-notification org

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Firebase Cloud Messaging  FCM  is the new version of GCM  FCM is a cross-platform messaging solution that allows you to send messages securely and for free  Inherits GCM s central infrastructure to deliver messages reliably on Android  iOS  Web  javascript   Unity and C      As of April 10  2018  Google has disapproved of GCM  The GCM server and client APIs are deprecated and will be removed on April 11  2019  Google recommends migrating GCM applications to Firebase Cloud Messaging  FCM   which inherits the reliable and scalable GCM infrastructure   Resource

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My understanding experience with Android push notification are    C2DM GCM - If your target android platform is 2 2   then go for it  Just one catch  device users have to be always logged with a Google Account to get the messages   MQTT - Pub Sub based approach  needs an active connection from device  may drain battery if not implemented sensibly  Deacon - May not be good in a long run due to limited community support    Edit  Added on November 25  2013  GCM - Google says        For pre-3 0 devices  this requires users to set up their Google account on their mobile devices  A Google account is not a requirement on devices running Android 4 0 4 or higher

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I recommend using GCM - Google Cloud Messaging for Android It s free  and for simple uses it s should be very easy  However it requires to maintain a 3rd side server to send the notifications on your behalf  If you want to avoid that there are some very good industrial solutions for Android push notifications service   Urban Airship - free up to 1M notifications per month  afterwards you are charged per 1000 notifications PushApps - free for 1M notifications per month  and unlimited notifications for 19 99 per month PushWoosh - free for 1M devices  premium plans are from 39 EURO  Diclaimer - I work in PushApps and also use their product in my applications for over a year now

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I dont know if this is still useful  I achieved something like this with a java library at http   www pushlets com   Althoug doing it in a service won t prevent android from shutting it down an killing the listener thread

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There s a lot a third party servers like Urban Airship  Xtify  Mainline      whiches allow send not only on Android  but also on iOs  Windows Phone

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Free and easy method   If your target user base is not large less than a 1000  and you want a free service to start with  then Airbop is the best and most convenient   Airbop Website  It uses Google Cloud Messaging service through its API and is provides a good performance  i have used it for two of my projects and it was easy implementing it   Services like  and Urbanship are excellent but provide an entire deployment stack and not just the push notifications thing    If only push service is your target  Airbop will work fine   I haven t used Pushwoosh  but is also a great choice  It allows push to 1 000 000 devices for free

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cross-posting from an answer I gave to a similar question - Does Android support near real time push notification     I recently started playing with MQTT http   mqtt org for Android as a way of doing this sort of thing  i e  push notification that is not SMS but data driven  almost immediate message delivery  not polling  etc    I have a blog post with background information on this in case it s helpful   http   dalelane co uk blog  p 938   Note  MQTT is an IBM technology  and I should point out that I work for IBM

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You can use Xtify  http   developer xtify com  - they have a push notifications webservice that works with their SDK   it s free and so far  it s worked really well for me

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Android Cloud to Device Messaging Framework  Important  C2DM has been officially deprecated as of June 26  2012  This means that C2DM has stopped accepting new users and quota requests  No new features will be added to C2DM  However  apps using C2DM will continue to work  Existing C2DM developers are encouraged to migrate to the new version of C2DM  called Google Cloud Messaging for Android  GCM   See the C2DM-to-GCM Migration document for more information  Developers must use GCM for new development    Kindly check the following link   http   developer android com guide google gcm index html

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Google s official answer is the Android Cloud to Device Messaging Framework  deprecated  Google Cloud Messaging deprecated  Firebase Cloud Messaging  It will work on Android    2 2  on phones that have the Play Store

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Here I have written few steps for How to Get RegID and Notification starting from scratch  Create Register App on Google Cloud Setup Cloud SDK with Development Configure project for GCM Get Device Registration ID Send Push Notifications Receive Push Notifications  You can find complete tutorial in below URL link  Getting Started with Android Push Notification   Latest Google Cloud Messaging  GCM  - step by step complete tutorial   Code snip to get Registration ID  Device Token for Push Notification   Configure project for GCM  Update AndroidManifest file For enable GCM in our project we need to add few permission in our manifest file Go to AndroidManifest xml and add below code Add Permission  lt uses-permission android name  quot android permission INTERNET     gt   lt uses-permission android name  quot android permission GET ACCOUNTS quot    gt   lt uses-permission android name  quot android permission WAKE LOCK quot    gt    lt uses-permission android name  quot android permission VIBRATE quot    gt    lt uses-permission android name     permission RECEIVE quot    gt   lt uses-permission android name     lt your package name here gt  permission C2D MESSAGE quot    gt   lt permission android name     lt your package name here gt  permission C2D MESSAGE quot          android protectionLevel  quot signature quot    gt   Add GCM Broadcast Receiver declaration add GCM Broadcast Receiver declaration in your application tag  lt application          lt receiver             android name  quot  GcmBroadcastReceiver quot              android permission  quot com google android c2dm permission SEND quot     gt               lt intent-filter   gt                   lt action android name  quot com google android c2dm intent RECEIVE quot    gt                   lt category android name  quot  quot    gt               lt  intent-filter   gt            lt  receiver   gt         lt application  gt   Add GCM Servie declaration  lt application       lt service android name  quot  GcmIntentService quot    gt   lt application  gt    Get Registration ID  Device Token for Push Notification  Now Go to your Launch Splash Activity Add Constants and Class Variables private final static int PLAY SERVICES RESOLUTION REQUEST   9000  public static final String EXTRA MESSAGE    quot message quot   public static final String PROPERTY REG ID    quot registration id quot   private static final String PROPERTY APP VERSION    quot appVersion quot   private final static String TAG    quot LaunchActivity quot   protected String SENDER ID    quot Your sender id quot   private GoogleCloudMessaging gcm  null  private String regid   null  private Context context  null   Update OnCreate and OnResume methods  Override protected void onCreate Bundle savedInstanceState         super onCreate savedInstanceState        setContentView R layout activity launch        context   getApplicationContext             if  checkPlayServices                        gcm   GoogleCloudMessaging getInstance this               regid   getRegistrationId context                if  regid isEmpty                                  registerInBackground                              else                           Log d TAG   quot No valid Google Play Services APK found  quot                               Override protected void onResume            super onResume          checkPlayServices          Implement GCM Required methods  Add below methods in LaunchActivity   private boolean checkPlayServices             int resultCode   GooglePlayServicesUtil isGooglePlayServicesAvailable this           if  resultCode    ConnectionResult SUCCESS                if  GooglePlayServicesUtil isUserRecoverableError resultCode                     GooglePlayServicesUtil getErrorDialog resultCode  this                          PLAY SERVICES RESOLUTION REQUEST  show                  else                   Log d TAG   quot This device is not supported - Google Play Services  quot                    finish                              return false                    return true      private String getRegistrationId Context context        final SharedPreferences prefs   getGCMPreferences context      String registrationId   prefs getString PROPERTY REG ID   quot  quot       if  registrationId isEmpty             Log d TAG   quot Registration ID not found  quot           return  quot  quot           int registeredVersion   prefs getInt PROPERTY APP VERSION  Integer MIN VALUE      int currentVersion   getAppVersion context      if  registeredVersion    currentVersion            Log d TAG   quot App version changed  quot            return  quot  quot             return registrationId     private SharedPreferences getGCMPreferences Context context         return getSharedPreferences LaunchActivity class getSimpleName                    Context MODE PRIVATE      private static int getAppVersion Context context          try                  PackageInfo packageInfo   context getPackageManager                        getPackageInfo context getPackageName    0               return packageInfo versionCode                 catch  NameNotFoundException e                       throw new RuntimeException  quot Could not get package name   quot    e               private void registerInBackground          new AsyncTask          Override      protected Object doInBackground Object    params                    String msg    quot  quot             try                             if  gcm    null                                            gcm   GoogleCloudMessaging getInstance context                                   regid   gcm register SENDER ID                 Log d TAG   quot                                          quot                   Log d TAG   quot Current Device s Registration ID is   quot  msg                               catch  IOException ex                             msg    quot Error   quot    ex getMessage                          return null             protected void onPostExecute Object result            to do here        execute null  null  null       Note   please store REGISTRATION KEY  it is important for sending PN Message to GCM also keep in mine this will be unique for all device  by using this only GCM will send Push Notification  Receive Push Notifications Add GCM Broadcast Receiver Class As we have already declared    GcmBroadcastReceiver java    in our Manifest file  So lets create this class update receiver class code this way public class GcmBroadcastReceiver extends WakefulBroadcastReceiver        Override     public void onReceive Context context  Intent intent                ComponentName comp   new ComponentName context getPackageName                    GcmIntentService class getName            startWakefulService context   intent setComponent comp             setResultCode Activity RESULT OK           Toast makeText context     wow   received new push notification quot   Toast LENGTH LONG  show             Add GCM Service Class As we have already declared    GcmBroadcastReceiver java    in our Manifest file  So lets create this class update receiver class code this way public class GcmIntentService extends IntentService       public static final int NOTIFICATION ID   1      private NotificationManager mNotificationManager      private final static String TAG    quot GcmIntentService quot       public GcmIntentService          super  quot GcmIntentService quot                     Override      protected void onHandleIntent Intent intent              Bundle extras   intent getExtras              Log d TAG   quot Notification Data Json   quot    extras getString  quot message quot                GoogleCloudMessaging gcm   GoogleCloudMessaging getInstance this             String messageType   gcm getMessageType intent            if   extras isEmpty               if  GoogleCloudMessaging MESSAGE TYPE SEND ERROR                 equals messageType                    sendNotification  quot Send error   quot    extras toString                 else if  GoogleCloudMessaging MESSAGE TYPE DELETED            equals messageType               sendNotification  quot Deleted messages on server   quot              extras toString                 If it s a regular GCM message  do some work              else if  GoogleCloudMessaging MESSAGE TYPE MESSAGE            equals messageType                  This loop represents the service doing some work            for  int i   0  i  lt  5  i                     Log d TAG  quot  Working     quot     i   1     quot  5    quot                   SystemClock elapsedRealtime                   try                       Thread sleep 5000                    catch  InterruptedException e                                                 Log i TAG   quot Completed work    quot    SystemClock elapsedRealtime                  sendNotification extras getString  quot message quot                                      Release the wake lock provided by the WakefulBroadcastReceiver          GcmBroadcastReceiver completeWakefulIntent intent                 Put the message into a notification and post it          This is just one simple example of what you might choose to do with         a GCM message       private void sendNotification String msg             mNotificationManager    NotificationManager  this            getSystemService Context NOTIFICATION SERVICE             PendingIntent contentIntent   PendingIntent getActivity this  0           new Intent this  LaunchActivity class   0              NotificationCompat Builder mBuilder   new NotificationCompat Builder           this             setSmallIcon R drawable icon             setContentTitle  quot Ocutag Snap quot              setStyle new NotificationCompat BigTextStyle   bigText msg              setContentText msg             setDefaults Notification DEFAULT SOUND   Notification DEFAULT VIBRATE              mBuilder setContentIntent contentIntent            mNotificationManager notify NOTIFICATION ID  mBuilder build

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or           3  Keep a connection to the server  send keep-alives every few minutes  and the server can push messages instantly  This is how Gmail  Google Talk  etc  works

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