war vs ear file

Question

What is the difference between a  war and  ear file

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J2EE defines three types of archives    Java Archives  JAR  A JAR file encapsulates one or more Java classes  a manifest  and a descriptor  JAR files are the lowest level of archive  JAR files are used in J2EE for packaging EJBs and client-side Java Applications  Web Archives  WAR  WAR files are similar to JAR files  except that they are specifically for web applications made from Servlets  JSPs  and supporting classes  Enterprise Archives  EAR     An EAR file contains all of the components that make up a particular J2EE application

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JAR Files  A JAR  short for Java Archive  file permits the combination of several files into a single one  Files with the   jar   extension are utilized by software developers to distribute Java classes and various metadata  These also hold libraries and resource files  as well as accessory files  such as property files    Users can extract and create JAR files with Java Development Kit  39 s  JDK    jar  command  ZIP tools may also be used   JAR files have optional manifest files  Entries within the manifest file prescribe the JAR file s use  A  main  class specification for a file class denotes the file as a detached or    stand-alone  program   WAR Files  A WAR  or Web Application archive  files can comprise XML  extensible Markup Language  files  Java classes  as well as Java Server pages for purposes of Internet application  It is also employed to mark libraries and Web pages which make up a Web application  Files with the     war  39  extension contain the Web app for use with server or JSP  Java Server Page  containers  It has JSP  HTML  Hypertext Markup Language   JavaScript  and various files for creating the aforementioned Web apps   A WAR file is structured as such to allow for special directories and files  It may also have a digital signature  much like that of a JAR file  to show the veracity of the code   EAR Files  An EAR  Enterprise Archive  file merges JAR and WAR files into a single archive  These files with the     ear  39  extension have a directory for metadata  The modules are packaged into on archive for smooth and simultaneous operation of the different modules within an app server   The EAR file also has deployment descriptors  which are XML files  which effectively dictate the deployment of the different modules

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Ear files provide more options to configure the interaction with the application server   For example  if the hibernate version of the application server is older than the one provided by your dependencies  you can add the following to ear-deployer-jboss-beans xml for JBOSS to isolate classloaders and avoid conflicts    lt bean name  EARClassLoaderDeployer  class  org jboss deployment EarClassLoaderDeployer  gt         lt property name  isolated  gt true lt  property gt   lt  bean gt    or to src main application META-INF jboss-app xml     lt  xml version  1 0   gt   lt jboss-app gt   lt loader-repository gt      loader nameofyourear ear  lt loader-repository-config gt java2ParentDelegation false lt  loader-repository-config gt   lt  loader-repository gt   lt  jboss-app gt     This will make sure that there is no classloader conflict between your application and the application server    Normally the classloader mechanism works like this      When a class loading request is presented to a class loader  it first   asks its parent class loader to fulfill the request  The parent  in   turn  asks its parent for the class until the request reaches the top   of the hierarchy  If the class loader at the top of the hierarchy   cannot fulfill the request  then the child class loader that called it   is responsible for loading the class    By isolating the classloaders  your ear classloader will not look in the parent   JBoss   other AS classloader   As far is I know  this is not possible with war files

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war - web archive  It is used to deploy web applications according to the servlet standard  It is a jar file containing a special directory called WEB-INF and several files and directories inside it  web xml  lib  classes  as well as all the HTML  JSP  images  CSS  JavaScript and other resources of the web application  ear - enterprise archive  It is used to deploy enterprise application containing EJBs  web applications  and 3rd party libraries  It is also a jar file  it has a special directory called APP-INF that contains the application xml file  and it contains jar and war files

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WAR  web archive  files contain servlet class files  JSPs  Java servlet pages   HTML and graphical files  and other supporting files   EAR  enterprise archive  files contain the WAR files along with the JAR files containing code   There may be other things in those files but their basically meant for what they sound like they mean  WAR for web-type stuff  EAR for enterprise-type stuff  WARs  code  connectors et al

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Refer  http   www wellho net mouth 754 tar-jar-war-ear-sar-files html  tar  tape archives  - Format used is file written in serial units of fileName  fileSize  fileData - no compression  can be huge  Jar  java archive  - compression techniques used - generally contains java information like class java files  But can contain any files and directory structure  war  web application archives  - similar like jar files only have specific directory structure as per JSP Servlet spec for deployment purposes  ear  enterprise archives  - similar like jar files  have directory structure following J2EE requirements so that it can be deployed on J2EE application servers  - can contain multiple JAR and WAR files

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A WAR  Web Archive  is a module that gets loaded into a Web container of a Java Application Server  A Java Application Server has two containers  runtime environments  - one is a Web container and the other is a EJB container   The Web container hosts Web applications based on JSP or the Servlets API - designed specifically for web request handling - so more of a request response style of distributed computing  A Web container requires the Web module to be packaged as a WAR file - that is a special JAR file with a web xml file in the WEB-INF folder   An EJB container hosts Enterprise java beans based on the EJB API designed to provide extended business functionality such as declarative transactions  declarative method level security and multiprotocol support - so more of an RPC style of distributed computing  EJB containers require EJB modules to be packaged as JAR files - these have an ejb-jar xml file in the META-INF folder   Enterprise applications may consist of one or more modules that can either be Web modules  packaged as a WAR file   EJB modules  packaged as a JAR file   or both of them  Enterprise applications are packaged as EAR files - these are special JAR files containing an application xml file in the META-INF folder   Basically  EAR files are a superset containing WAR files and JAR files  Java Application Servers allow deployment of standalone web modules in a WAR file  though internally  they create EAR files as a wrapper around WAR files  Standalone web containers such as Tomcat and Jetty do not support EAR files - these are not full-fledged Application servers  Web applications in these containers are to be deployed as WAR files only   In application servers  EAR files contain configurations such as application security role mapping  EJB reference mapping and context root URL mapping of web modules   Apart from Web modules and EJB modules  EAR files can also contain connector modules packaged as RAR files and Client modules packaged as JAR files

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From GeekInterview      In J2EE application  modules are packaged as EAR  JAR  and WAR based on their functionality        JAR     EJB modules which contain enterprise java beans  class files  and EJB deployment descriptor are packed as JAR files with  jar extension       WAR     Web modules which contain Servlet class files  JSP Files  supporting files  GIF and HTML files are packaged as a JAR file with  war  web archive  extension       EAR     All the above files   jar and  war  are packaged as a JAR file with  ear  enterprise archive  extension and deployed into Application Server

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To make the project transport  deployment made easy  need to compressed into one file  JAR  java archive  group of  class files  WAR  web archive  - each war represents one web application     - use only web related technologies like servlet  jsps can be used      - can run on Tomcat server     - web app developed by web related technologies only jsp servlet html js     - info representation only no transactions   EAR  enterprise archive  - each ear represents one enterprise application     - we can use anything from j2ee like ejb  jms can happily be used      - can run on Glassfish like server not on Tomcat server      - enterprise app devloped by any technology anything from j2ee like all web        app plus ejbs jms etc       - does transactions with info representation  eg  Bank app  Telecom app

[java] .war vs .ear file

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