How to set environment variable for everyone under my linux system

Question

Can I have certain settings that are universal for all my users

User · Answer

If your LinuxOS has this file    etc environment   You can use it to permanently set environmental variables for all users   Extracted from  http   www sysadmit com 2016 04 linux-variables-de-entorno-permanentes html

User · Answer

Using PAM is execellent     modify the display PAM   cat  etc security pam env conf    BEFORE    export DISPLAY  0 0  amp  amp  python  var tmp myproject click py  amp    AFTER     python  abc click py  amp  DISPLAY  DEFAULT   REMOTEHOST  0 0 OVERRIDE   DISPLAY  abc   DEFAULT  var tmp myproject

User · Answer

man 8 pam env  man 5 pam env conf  If all login services use PAM  and all login services have session required pam env so in their respective  etc pam d   configuration files  then all login sessions will have some environment variables set as specified in pam env s configuration file   On most modern Linux distributions  this is all there by default -- just add your desired global environment variables to  etc security pam env conf   This works regardless of the user s shell  and works for graphical logins too  if xdm kdm gdm entrance  hellip  is set up like this

User · Answer

As well as  etc profile which others have mentioned  some Linux systems now use a directory  etc profile d   any  sh files in there will be sourced by  etc profile  It s slightly neater to keep your custom environment stuff in these files than to just edit  etc profile

User · Answer

Amazingly  Unix and Linux do not actually have a place to set global environment variables  The best you can do is arrange for any specific shell to have a site-specific initialization   If you put it in  etc profile  that will take care of things for most posix-compatible shell users  This is probably  good enough  for non-critical purposes   But anyone with a csh or tcsh shell won t see it  and I don t believe csh has a global initialization file

User · Answer

Some interesting excerpts from the bash manpage      When bash is invoked as an interactive   login shell  or as a non-interactive   shell with the --login option  it   first reads and executes commands from   the file  etc profile  if that file   exists  After reading that file  it   looks for    bash profile       bash login  and    profile  in that   order  and reads and executes commands   from the first one that exists and is   readable  The --noprofile option may   be used when the shell is started to   inhibit this behavior          When an   interactive shell that is not a login   shell is started  bash reads and   executes commands from    etc bash bashrc and    bashrc  if   these files exist  This may be   inhibited by using the --norc option    The --rcfile file option will force   bash to read and execute commands from   file instead of  etc bash bashrc and      bashrc    So have a look at  etc profile or  etc bash bashrc  these files are the right places for global settings  Put something like this in them to set up an environement variable   export MY VAR xxx

User · Answer

Every process running under the Linux kernel receives its own  unique environment that it inherits from its parent  In this case  the parent will be either a shell itself  spawning a sub shell   or the  login  program  on a typical system    As each process  environment is protected  there is no way to  inject  an environmental variable to every running process  so even if you modify the default shell  rc   profile  it won t go into effect until each process exits and reloads its start up settings   Look in  etc  to modify the default start up variables for any particular shell  Just realize that users can  and often do  change them in their individual settings   Unix is designed to obey the user  within limits   NB  Bash is not the only shell on your system  Pay careful attention to what the  bin sh symbolic link actually points to  On many systems  this could actually be dash which is  by default  with no special invocation  POSIXLY correct  Therefore  you should take care to modify both defaults  or scripts that start with  bin sh will not inherit your global defaults  Similarly  take care to avoid syntax that only bash understands when editing both  aka avoiding bashisms

[linux] How to set environment variable for everyone under my linux system?

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