How to automatically add user account AND password with a Bash script

Question

I need to have the ability to create user accounts on my Linux  Fedora 10  and automatically assign a password via a bash script or otherwise  if need be    It s easy to create the user via Bash e g     whoever server      usr sbin useradd newuser   Is it possible to assign a password in Bash  something functionally similar to this  but automatically    whoever server    passwd newuser Changing password for user testpass  New UNIX password  Retype new UNIX password   passwd  all authentication tokens updated successfully   whoever server

User · Answer

The following works for me and tested on Ubuntu 14 04  It is a one liner that does not require any user input    sudo useradd -p   openssl passwd -1  PASS   USERNAME   Taken from  Tralemonkey

User · Answer

I was asking myself the same thing  and didn t want to rely on a Python script  This is the line to add a user with a defined password in one bash line  useradd -p   openssl passwd -crypt  PASS   USER

User · Answer

You can use the -p option   useradd -p encrypted password newuser   Unfortunately  this does require you to hash the password yourself  where passwd does that for you    Unfortunately  there does not seem to be a standard utility to hash some data so you ll have to write that yourself   Here s a little Python script I whipped up to do the encryption for you   Assuming you called it pcrypt  you would then write your above command line to   useradd -p   pcrypt   passwd   newuser   A couple of warnings to be aware of    While pcrypt is running  the plaintext will be visible to any user via the ps command  pcrypt uses the old style crypt function - if you are using something more moderns like an MD5 hash  you ll need to change pcrypt    and here s pcrypt      usr bin env python  import crypt import sys import random  saltchars    abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789   def salt        return random choice saltchars    random choice saltchars   def hash plain       return crypt crypt arg  salt     if   name         main         random seed       for arg in sys argv 1            sys stdout write   s n     hash arg

User · Answer

Single liner to create a sudo user with home directory and password   useradd -m -p   openssl passwd -1   PASSWORD   -s  bin bash -G sudo   USERNAME

User · Answer

Here is a script that will do it for you         You can add a list of users  or just one user  if you want  all in one go and each will have a different password  As a bonus you are presented at the end of the script with a list of each users password       If you want you can add some user maintenance options  like   chage -m 18  user chage -M 28  user   to the script that will set the password age and so on               bin bash    Checks if you have the right privileges if     USER     root    then    CHANGE THIS PARAMETERS FOR A PARTICULAR USE PERS HOME   home   PERS SH   bin bash        Checks if there is an argument         -eq 0    amp  amp    echo  gt  amp 2 ERROR  You may enter as an argument a text file containing users  one per line    exit 1         checks if there a regular file      -f   1         echo  gt  amp 2 ERROR  The input file does not exists    exit 1       TMPIN   mktemp       Remove blank lines and delete duplicates     sed      d    1   sort -g   uniq  gt    TMPIN      NOW   date    Y- m- d- X      LOGFILE  AMU-log- NOW log      for user in   more   TMPIN    do         Checks if the user already exists        cut -d  -f1  etc passwd   grep   user   gt   dev null       OUT          if    OUT -eq 0   then          echo  gt  amp 2  ERROR  User account     user   already exists            echo  gt  amp 2  ERROR  User account     user   already exists    gt  gt    LOGFILE        else            Create a new user           usr sbin useradd -d   PERS HOME   user  -s   PERS SH  -m   user             passwdgen must be installed          pass   passwdgen -paq --length 8           echo  pass   passwd --stdin  user            save user and password in a file          echo -e  user  t  pass  gt  gt    LOGFILE           echo  The user    user   has been created and has the password   pass        fi    done    rm -f   TMPIN     exit 0 else    echo  gt  amp 2  ERROR  You must be a root user to execute this script      exit 1 fi                Hope this helps   Cheers  Carel

User · Answer

Tralemonkey s solution almost worked for me as well     but not quite  I ended up doing it this way   echo -n     password       passwd myusername --stdin   2 key details his solution didn t include  the -n keeps echo from adding a  n to the password that is getting encrypted  and the single quotes protect the contents from being interpreted by the shell  bash  in my case   BTW I ran this command as root on a CentOS 5 6 system in case anyone is wondering

User · Answer

I know I m coming at this years later  but I can t believe no one suggested usermod    usermod --password  perl -e  print crypt  password   sa      root   Hell  just in case someone wants to do this on an older HPUX you can use usermod sam    usr sam lbin usermod sam -F -p  perl -e  print crypt  password   sa      username   The -F is only needed if the person executing the script is the current user  Of course you don t need to use Perl to create the hash  You could use openssl or many other commands in its place

User · Answer

The code below worked in Ubuntu 14 04  Try before you use it in other versions linux variants     quietly add a user without password adduser --quiet --disabled-password --shell  bin bash --home  home newuser --gecos  User  newuser    set password echo  newuser newpassword    chpasswd

User · Answer

I ve tested in my own shell script     new username means newly created user  new password means newly password   For CentOS  echo   new password    passwd --stdin   new username    For Debian Ubuntu  echo   new username  new password    chpasswd   For OpenSUSE  echo -e   new password n new password    passwd   new username

User · Answer

For RedHat   CentOS here s the code that creates a user  adds the passwords and makes the user a sudoer      bin sh echo -n  Enter username    read uname  echo -n  Enter password    read -s passwd  adduser   uname  echo  uname  passwd   sudo chpasswd  gpasswd wheel -a  uname

User · Answer

The solution that works on both Debian and Red Hat  Depends on perl  uses sha-512 hashes    cat userpassadd        usr bin env bash      salt   cat  dev urandom   tr -dc A-Za-z0-9  -   head -c16      useradd -p   perl -e  print crypt   2      6        salt             1   Usage   userpassadd jim jimslongpassword   It can effectively be used as a one-liner  but you ll have to specify the password  salt and username at the right places yourself   useradd -p   perl -e  print crypt  pass      6  salt       username

User · Answer

You can use expect in your bash script   From http   www seanodonnell com code  id 21     usr bin expect                                                file  htpasswd sh     desc  Automated htpasswd shell script                                                    usage example            htpasswd sh passwdpath username userpass                                               set htpasswdpath  lindex  argv 0   set username  lindex  argv 1   set userpass  lindex  argv 2      spawn the htpasswd command process  spawn htpasswd  htpasswdpath  username     Automate the  New password  Procedure  expect  New password    send   userpass r    expect  Re-type new password    send   userpass r

User · Answer

I liked Tralemonkey s approach of echo thePassword   passwd theUsername --stdin though it didn t quite work for me as written  This however worked for me   echo -e   password n password n    sudo passwd  user   -e is to recognize  n as new line   sudo is root access for Ubuntu   The double quotes are to recognize   and expand the variables   The above command passes the password and a new line  two times  to passwd  which is what passwd requires   If not using variables  I think this probably works   echo -e  password npassword n    sudo passwd username   Single quotes should suffice here

User · Answer

From IBM  https   www ibm com support knowledgecenter ssw aix 61 com ibm aix cmds1 chpasswd htm     Create a text file  say text txt and populate it with user password pairs as follows   user1 password1 user2 password2     usern passwordn   Save the text txt file  and run  cat text txt   chpassword   That s it  The solution is  a  scalable and  b  does not involve printing passwords on the command line

User · Answer

You can run the passwd command and send it piped input   So  do something like   echo thePassword   passwd theUsername --stdin

User · Answer

--stdin doesn t work on Debian  It says    passwd  unrecognized option  --stdin     This worked for me    useradd  USER  echo   USER  SENHA    chpasswd   Here we can find some other good ways    http   www debian-administration org articles 668

User · Answer

usage    my add user sh USER PASSWD  code          bin bash   my add user sh  if        -lt 2     then        echo   0 username passwd         exit fi  user  1 passwd  2  useradd  user -d  data home  user  -m    echo  passwd   passwd  user --stdin

User · Answer

echo  password  echo  password      passwd  username

User · Answer

You could also use chpasswd   echo username new password   chpasswd   so  you change password for user username to new password

[linux] How to automatically add user account AND password with a Bash script?

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